Introduction This study aims to explore maternal and perinatal outcomes of migrant women in Iceland. Material and methods This prospective population-based cohort study included women who gave birth to a singleton in Iceland between 1997 and 2018, comprising a total of 92 403 births. Migrant women were defined as women with citizenship other than Icelandic, including refugees and asylum seekers, and categorized into three groups, based on their country of citizenship Human Development Index score. The effect of country of citizenship was estimated. The main outcome measures were onset of labor, augmentation, epidural, perineum support, episiotomy, mode of birth, obstetric anal sphincter injury, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth, a 5-minute Apgar <7, neonatal intensive care unit admission and perinatal mortality. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for maternal and perinatal outcomes were calculated using logistic regression models. Results A total of 8158 migrant women gave birth during the study period: 4401 primiparous and 3757 multiparous. Overall, migrant women had higher adjusted ORs (aORs) for episiotomy (primiparas: aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.26–1.61; multiparas: 1.39, 95% CI 1.21–1.60) and instrumental births (primiparas: 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.27, multiparas: 1.41, 95% CI 1.16–1.72) and lower aORs of induction of labor (primiparas: 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.98; multiparas: 0.74, 95% CI 0.66–0.83), compared with Icelandic women. Migrant women from countries with a high Human Development Index score (≥0.900) had similar or better outcomes compared with Icelandic women, whereas migrant women from countries with a lower Human Development Index score than that of Iceland (<0.900) had additionally increased odds of maternal and perinatal complications and interventions, such as emergency cesarean and postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusions Women’s citizenship and country of citizenship Human Development Index scores are significantly associated with a range of maternal and perinatal complications and interventions, such as episiotomy and instrumental birth. The results indicate the need for further exploration of whether Icelandic perinatal healthcare services meet the care needs of migrant women.
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The growth of migrants and refugees puts pressure on the building of temporary settlements. Most are designed based on functional aspects, especially during Covid crisis. Emotional well-being connected to the notion of home is missing, impeding an inclusive community. Being There is a VR-experience of migration spaces developed through participatory-design approaches centred around needs connected to home. Thematic analysis based on 28 interviews with Latin-American migrant/refugee women and volunteers, revealed the meaning of home, based on: culture, temporary transition, togetherness, and journey. The insights were used to create the VR animations (of the journey), the ideal temporary space, the interactions (with migrant voice-overs) and Volumetric-Captured character scenarios. It revealed the importance and possibilities to translate notions of home into VR-experiences to raise empathy and awareness for the importance of designing settlements regarding sense of home and shows how VR helps architects to understand, design and communicate temporary spaces.
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In social work, the participation of Turkish and Moroccan-Dutch professionals, second and third generation migrant women from a Muslim background, is increasing. In this participative qualitative inquiry, new professionals were actively involved as co-researchers, doing research with peers from the same background. The question addressed is how these professionals deal with identity tensions and if they find positive sources of identification in social work. The new professionals claim a positive identity, connected to what they consider their strength and in particular their faith and ‘otherness’. At the same time, this increases their vulnerability, in a context in which Islam by some is considered a threat to society. The importance of a supportive professional social work identity is advocated
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Gisbergen, M. S. (Project lead), Shima Rezaei Rashnoodi (project lead), Guillermo Enrique Lavín Montero (Developer), Carlos Santos (Consultancy), Wilco Boode (Consultancy), Kevin Hutchinson (Consultancy), UDEM students.
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Shima Rezaei Rashnoodi (Project lead Universidad de Monterrey) & Marnix S. van Gisbergen (Project Lead), Felipe Lega (Animation), Guillermo Enrique Lavin Montero (Art).
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This is a summary of Sara Adriano's thesis and internship. This anthropological research focuses on the culinary adaptation and cultural foodways of twenty Latin American and Caribbean women living in Almere. The research question is: “How do these women adapt their food sourcing practices to the Almere foodscape and how do they simultaneously change and influence that foodscape?” The aim of the research was to detect which products and services the citizens need to boost their cultural food integration and to what extent they adapt(ed) to the Dutch foodways.
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Adopted on the fifteenth anniversary of resolution 1325, Security Council resolution 2242 has recognized for the first time the substantial link between climate change and the “Women, Peace and Security” (WPS) framework. Despite this landmark resolution, the intersections of environmental factors, conflict and violence against women remain largely absent from the Security Council's WPS agenda. Competition over natural resources is generally understood as a driver of conflict. The risk of insecurity and conflict are further increased by environmental degradation and climate change. It is therefore clear that the environment and natural resources must be integrated into the WPS agenda. This should necessarily include a discussion of indigenous rights to land and the gender-related dimensions of environmental factors. Indigenous women are disproportionately affected by environmental degradation, caused by resource extraction and increasingly compounded by climatic changes. This in turn exacerbates other vulnerabilities, including sexual and gender-based violence and other forms of marginalization. This article argues, by reference to the situation in West Papua, that unfettered resource extraction not only amplifies vulnerabilities and exacerbates preexisting inequalities stemming from colonial times, it also gives rise to gendered consequences flowing from the damage wreaked on the natural environment and thus poses a danger to international peace and security. As such, the Security Council's failure to recognize the continuous struggle of women in indigenous and rural communities against extractive economies and climate change impact as a security risk forms a serious lacuna within its WPS agenda. Originally published by Oxford University Press in Global Studies Quarterly, Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2021, ksab018, https://doi.org/10.1093/isagsq/ksab018
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Background: Courses for migrants in Europe are mostly aimed at literacy in western languages as a means for participation in society. These curricula are not suitable for migrants without previous basic education, which leaves groups of migrants vulnerable to alienation and without support for social integration.Method: The IDEAL-programme (Integrating Disadvantaged Ethnicities through Adult Learning), which takes a participatory didactic approach and in which daily personal and family life is the starting point for learning, was provided and evaluated in the Netherlands and Sweden in 2011–2013. The participants (N = 16) were migrant mothers of Berber and Arabic origin without formal educational experience. The teachers shared the same back-ground and served as role model facilitators and social brokers.Results: Through exploring their personal narratives, the participants showed new insights,skills, and attitudes on the topics of communication, health and parenting. All participants showed progress in language acquisition and participation in society. The Dutch group of migrant mothers reported to use less physical punishment and threats to their children,and to practise more positive parenting skills instead.Discussion: Literacy oriented programmes for social integration are not suitable for all migrants and do not encourage acculturation. The proposed method offers a feasible alter-native, so that migrants may be more adequately supported in their efforts for social integration in receiving societies. In order to advance the future development of participatory programmes for civic education, several key intervention design principles and political conditions are discussed.
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Huidige inburgeringscursussen zijn meestal gericht op taal en kennis en houden geen rekening met de complexe inspanningen die migranten moeten leveren om een nieuw bestaan op te bouwen in een vreemde samenleving. Sinds 2002 onderzoekt en ontwikkel ik samen met Vantrood Educational Services methoden voor psychosociale volwassenenonderwijs, toegespitst op een dubbele context benadering: de ontvangende samenleving, evenals de volwassen lerende migrant. In dit Position paper beschrijven we de theoretisch gefundeerde principes van deze effectieve pedagogische aanpak en bespreken we veronderstellingen van volwassenenonderwijs en inburgering om hiermee een constructieve bijdrage te leveren aan de doorontwikkeling van inburgeringscursussen.
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