How urban planning can reduce energy consumption

Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) can play an important role in the energy transition for urban areas. Implementation of PEDs require that urban planning and energy planning processes are integrated. So far PED research has predominantly been concerned with achieving an energy positive balance for urban districts and stakeholder engagement, whilst less attention has been paid to how urban planning measures can promote energy efficiency by reducing the energy demand. In this short guide we outline 10 planning principles for how urban planning can contribute to reduce energy consumption and thereby support PED implementation.