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3Need for quantifying malnutrition awareness among community-dwelling older adults and identifying factors associated with malnutrition awareness.
CONFERENTIEBIJDRAGE
As the global population continues to age, maintaining the physical performance and independence of older adults has become a critical public health concern. Population ageing describes a simultaneous increase in the number of older adults and the growth of the oldest- old demographic, which poses substantial societal, economic, and health-related challenges. Worldwide, it has been estimated that by 2050, one in six people will be over the age of 65. In the Netherlands, the number of individuals aged 65 years and older has been predicted to increase from 19.2% in 2020 to 26.5% in 2050, with the number of individuals aged 80 years and older doubling. As a consequence, a growing number of individuals will experience a decline in physical function, which is a critical determinant of maintaining independence, autonomy, and active participation. Muscle strength and power, fundamental components of physical functioning, progressively deteriorate with advancing age, increasing the demand of healthcare systems and contributing to rising health care costs. However, engaging in regular physical activity can attenuate both the individual and societal impacts of ageing by preserving functional capacity, enhancing overall well-being, and promoting social participation. To improve physical functioning in older adults, targeted interventions should incorporate physical activity and emphasize physical functioning as a key determinant of maintaining independence.
PROEFSCHRIFT
Introduction: Fall rates and fall-related injuries among community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) are expected to increase rapidly, due to the aging population worldwide. Fall prevention programs (FPPs), consisting of strength and balance exercises, have been proven effective in reducing fall rates among older adults. However, these FPPs have not reached their full potential as most programs are under-enrolled. Therefore, this study aims to identify promising strategies that promote participation in FPPs among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This is an exploratory qualitative study. Previously, barriers and facilitators for participation in FPPs by older adults had been identified. Next, six strategies had been designed using the Intervention Mapping approach: (1) reframing; (2) informing about benefits; (3) raising awareness of risks; (4) involving social environment; (5) offering tailored intervention; (6) arranging practicalities. Strategies were validated during semi-structured interviews with communitydwelling older adults (n = 12) at risk of falling. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed following a qualitative thematic methodology, with a hybrid approach. Results: All strategies were considered important by at least some of the respondents. However, two strategies stood out: (1) reframing ‘aging’ and ‘fall prevention’: respondents preferred to be approached differently, taking a ‘life course’ perspective about falls, and avoiding confronting words; and (2) ‘informing about benefits’ (e.g., ‘living independently for longer’); which was mentioned to improve the understanding of the relevance of participating in FPPs. Other strategies were considered important to take into account too, but opinions varied more strongly. Discussion: This study provides insight into potential strategies to stimulate older adults to participate in FPPs. Results suggest that reframing ‘aging’ and ‘fall prevention’ may facilitate the dialogue about fall prevention, by communicating differently about the topic, for example ‘staying fit and healthy’, while focusing on the benefits of participating in FPPs. Gaining insight into the strategies’ effectiveness and working mechanisms is an area for future research. This could lead to practical recommendations and help professionals to enhance older adults’ participation in FPPs. Currently, the strategies are further developed to be applied and evaluated for effectiveness in multiple field labs in a central Dutch region (Utrecht).
ARTIKEL
OBJECTIVE: Loneliness and social isolation are pressing issues that can seriously impact the mental health and well-being of older adults. Interacting with nature can stimulate a feeling of connectedness. However, for older adults, access to nature is often troublesome because of physical limitations and mobility restrictions.
METHODS: In the present mixed-method study, 37 older adults (62-99 years old) with varying care needs and mobility restrictions watched a video presenting a walkthrough of a simulated digital nature landscape.
RESULTS: Quantitative results show a significant increase in social connectedness scores and enhanced peacefulness after experiencing a digital nature. Qualitative results stress the importance of variations in nature scenery and highlight the influence of contextual and person-related factors including nature experiences throughout the life span and mobility constraints that older adults may face.
CONCLUSION: These findings testify to the potential of using digital nature as a complementary strategy when interactions with outdoor nature become increasingly difficult due to old age.
ARTIKEL
In our center we encounter serious problems with a number young adult (18- 25yrs) renal transplant recipients that are non-compliant to the medication regime. This could well be one of the reasons for the significantly worse unadjusted 10 years kidney graft survival in this patient group compared to that in recipients > 25 years: 47.2% versus 64.0%. This paper focuses on the attitudes and behavior of young adults towards compliance with the immunosuppressive drugs.
BOEKDEEL
CC-BY Nurse Education Today, 2021, January Background: Although older adults are sexual, sexuality is infrequently discussed with them by health care professionals. Nursing students, as future professionals, can make an important contribution by developing competences in discussing intimacy and sexuality with older adults to increase quality of life and to prevent sexual problems. In order to improve these competences, current levels of knowledge and attitude need to be explored. Objectives: To investigate i) knowledge and attitudes of nursing students regarding intimacy and sexuality of older adults, ii) the difference in knowledge and attitudes of nursing students in different years of study and iii) frequency of discussing intimacy and sexuality with older adults. Design: Cross-sectional. Settings: A University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands. Participants: Nursing students, ≥16 years who were able to read and write in Dutch. Methods: The Ageing Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale was used among nursing students. Furthermore, demographic information and frequencies were collected. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: In total, 732 students participated. The mean knowledge-score was 43.9 (SD = 8.9), the mean attitudescore 64.3 (SD = 16.0). Unlike attitude, the level of knowledge differed significantly per year of study: first year students had the lowest and third year students the highest knowledge. Most students stated they ‘never’ (54.1%) or ‘once’ (13.2%) discussed intimacy and sexuality with older adults. Reasons to avoid talking about intimacy and sexuality were feelings of ‘not being the right person’ (17.3%) and ‘incompetence’ (14.0%). Conclusions: Nursing students had moderate knowledge and positive attitudes toward older adults’ intimacy and sexuality. The knowledge-level differed per year of study, the attitude level did not. Only a minority discussed intimacy and sexuality with older adults. Moderate knowledge and positive attitudes do not mean that intimacy and sexuality is discussed. To ensure students feel responsible and competent, interventions should focus on continuous knowledge dissemination, role clarification and role modelling.
ARTIKEL
CC-BY Gepubliceerd in Nurse Education Today, January 2021https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0260691720314933Background: Although older adults are sexual, sexuality is infrequently discussed with them by health care professionals. Nursing students, as future professionals, can make an important contribution by developing competences in discussing intimacy and sexuality with older adults to increase quality of life and to prevent sexual problems. In order to improve these competences, current levels of knowledge and attitude need to be explored.Objectives: To investigate i) knowledge and attitudes of nursing students regarding intimacy and sexuality of older adults, ii) the difference in knowledge and attitudes of nursing students in different years of study and iii) frequency of discussing intimacy and sexuality with older adults.Design: Cross-sectional.Settings: A University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands.Participants: Nursing students, ≥16 years who were able to read and write in Dutch.Methods: The Ageing Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale was used among nursing students. Furthermore, demographic information and frequencies were collected. Data was analyzed using SPSS.Results: In total, 732 students participated. The mean knowledge-score was 43.9 (SD = 8.9), the mean attitude-score 64.3 (SD = 16.0). Unlike attitude, the level of knowledge differed significantly per year of study: first year students had the lowest and third year students the highest knowledge. Most students stated they ‘never’ (54.1%) or ‘once’ (13.2%) discussed intimacy and sexuality with older adults. Reasons to avoid talking about intimacy and sexuality were feelings of ‘not being the right person’ (17.3%) and ‘incompetence’ (14.0%).Conclusions: Nursing students had moderate knowledge and positive attitudes toward older adults’ intimacy and sexuality. The knowledge-level differed per year of study, the attitude level did not. Only a minority discussed intimacy and sexuality with older adults. Moderate knowledge and positive attitudes do not mean that intimacy and sexuality is discussed. To ensure students feel responsible and competent, interventions should focus on continuous knowledge dissemination, role clarification and role modelling.
ARTIKEL
Introduction The process of transition from paediatric to adult care is a crucial step towards self-management of healthcare for young adults with chronic health conditions. In the Netherlands, the On Your Own Feet program offers an extensive framework for supporting optimal transition. In this national study, we aimed to evaluate the transition experiences of young adults with perinatal HIV who transferred from a paediatric to an adult HIV treatment centre. Methods Participants who transferred to adult care less than six years ago received questionnaires on transition experiences, the validated On Your Own Feet – Transition Experiences Scale (OYOF-TES), and demographics. Demographic and healthcare-related variables were collected from patients’ medical files. We explored correlations between OYOF-TES scores and other variables. Results Of 44 participants, 29 responded (65.1 %). Their median age was 20 (IQR 19–23). Overall, high scores were found on the subscales ‘Reception in adult care’ (median 4.8, IQR 4.0–5.0), ‘Alliance paediatric and adult care’ (median 4.0, IQR 3.4–4.4), and ‘Transfer readiness’ (median 4.2, IQR 3.8–4.8). The lowest scores were found in the subscales ‘Preparation for transfer’ (median 3.3, IQR 2.7–4.0) and ‘Youth involvement’ (median 3.5, IQR 2.5–4.5). Higher scores on transition experiences were correlated with younger age and female sex, while lower scores were correlated with those of whom one or both biological parents died during childhood. Conclusion Transition experiences in our population were positive. Younger participants felt better prepared for the transfer, which indicates that transition is increasingly becoming a joint effort between young adults and healthcare professionals and that pathways accustomed to individual needs improve the transition experience for young adults with perinatal HIV.
ARTIKEL
Communicative participation is the primary outcome of speech and language therapy for people with communication disorders. However, there are no instruments that measure communicative participation from the perspective of adolescents and young adults. Moreover, little research has been conducted in which adolescents and young adults with various communication problems were asked about relevant participation situations in which they need to communicate. Before a new measurement instrument can be developed, it is necessary to explore adolescents’ and young adults’ views on their communicative participation.
ARTIKEL
Background: Persons with an intellectual disability are at increased risk of experiencing adversities. The current study aims at providing an overview of the research on how resilience in adults with intellectual disabilities, in the face of adversity, is supported by sources in their social network. Method: A literature review was conducted in the databases Psycinfo and Web of Science. To evaluate the quality of the included studies, the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used. Results: The themes: “positive emotions,” “network acceptance,” “sense of coherence” and “network support,” were identified as sources of resilience in the social network of the adults with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: The current review showed that research addressing sources of resilience among persons with intellectual disabilities is scarce. In this first overview, four sources of resilience in the social network of people with intellectual disabilities were identified that interact and possibly strengthen each other.
ARTIKEL
