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3Formative assessment (FA) is an effective educational approach for optimising student learning and is considered as a promising avenue for assessment within physical education (PE). Nevertheless, implementing FA is a complex and demanding task for in-service PE teachers who often lack formal training on this topic. To better support PE teachers in implementing FA into their practice, we need better insight into teachers’ experiences while designing and implementing formative strategies. However, knowledge on this topic is limited, especially within PE. Therefore, this study examined the experiences of 15 PE teachers who participated in an 18-month professional development programme. Teachers designed and implemented various formative activities within their PE lessons, while experiences were investigated through logbook entries and focus groups. Findings indicated various positive experiences, such as increased transparency in learning outcomes and success criteria for students as well as increased student involvement, but also revealed complexities, such as shifting teacher roles and insufficient feedback literacy among students. Overall, the findings of this study underscore the importance of a sustained, collaborative, and supported approach to implementing FA.
ARTIKEL
Formative assessment is considered as one of the most effective interventions to support teacher decision-making and improve education and student learning. However, formative assessment does not always meet these expectations. In order to be effective, formative assessment activities should be consciously and coherently planned aligned with other aspects of the curriculum and the decisions teachers wish to make based on these activities. While there is sufficient support for teachers to design formative assessment activities, no guidelines exist to help them tie these different activities together in an effective way. To support teachers in designing formative assessment plans informing formative decision-making, this study focused on the creation of a set of design principles. These design principles for formative assessment plans were formulated based on expert interviews and subsequently evaluated by future users. The result is a set of eight design principles that can be used and validated in educational practice.
ARTIKEL
Designing Formative Assessment That Improves Teaching and Learning: What Can Be Learned from the Design Stories of Experienced Teachers? Frontier in Education
ARTIKEL
Formative assessment can be understood as assessment for learning rather than of learning. Research has demonstrated that formative assessment/feedback is strongly and causally related to students’ achievement in higher education. At Avans University of Applied Sciences, the first-year course Mechanics of Materials 2 (MoM2) does not contain formative assessment due to constrained personnel and financial resources. In this study, we introduced formative assessment in the MoM2 course using an innovative ICT tool. This tool provides students with personalized feedback on both task and process level to improve their learning and to enhance adaptive teacher class instruction.
CONFERENTIEBIJDRAGE
Formative Use of Assessment to Foster Self‑Regulated Learning: the Alignment of Teachers’ Conceptions and Classroom Assessment Practices Journal of Formative Design in Learning (AECT)
ARTIKEL
A growing number of higher education programmes in the Netherlands has implemented programmatic assessment. Programmatic assessment is an assessment concept in which the formative and summative function of assessment is intertwined. Although there is consensus about the theoretical principles of programmatic assessment, programs make various specific design choices, fitting with their own context. In this factsheet we give insight into the design choices Dutch higher education programmes make when implementing programmatic assessment.
ANDERSOORTIG MATERIAAL
The value of the process of formative assessment is greatly diminished if it is not goal-directed and oriented towards students’ long-term development. This implies that teachers need deep pedagogical content knowledge. As a way to scaffold teachers’ use of pedagogical content knowledge when designing formative assessment, learning progressions have been suggested. Learning progressions can support teachers in developing goal-directed formative assessments, interpreting student responses within the context of the learning progression and identifying appropriate next steps in learning. Therefore, the goal of this research was to develop and evaluate a professional development trajectory in which vocational education teachers collaboratively developed a learning progression for their vocational education program, in connection with formative assessment activities. Four vocational education teacher teams based in the Netherlands developed a learning progression for a core idea of the occupation they are educating for (e.g., nurse, travel agent) and developed and experimented with formative assessment activities connected to this learning progression. Results highlight the value of taking a student perspective when developing a learning progression, using personas, gathering student input, and identifying and disentangling hurdles that students encounter during their learning pathways. To connect formative assessment activities to the learning progression, zooming in and zooming out appeared to be necessary, but difficult. Teachers might need to get familiar with formative assessment in their classrooms before engaging in the development of a learning progression.
ARTIKEL
Assessment in higher education (HE) is often focused on concluding modules with one or more tests that students need to pass. As a result, both students and teachers are primarily concerned with the summative function of assessment: information from tests is used to make pass/fail decisions about students. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the formative function of assessment and focus has shifted towards how assessment can stimulate learning. However, this also leads to a search for balance between both functions of assessment. Programmatic assessment (PA) is an assessment concept in which their intertwining is embraced to strike a new balance. A growing number of higher education programmes has implemented PA. Although there is consensus about the theoretical principles that form the basis for the design of PA, programmes make various specific design choices based on these principles, fitting with their own context. This paper provides insight into the design choices that programmes make when implementing PA and into the considerations that play a role in making these design choices. Such an overview is important for research purposes because it creates a framework for investigating the effects of different design choices within PA.
CONFERENTIEBIJDRAGE
CC-BY-NC-NDObjective: In the past decade, several authors have advocated that formative assessment programmes have an impact on teachers’ knowledge. Consequently, various requirements have been proposed in the literature for the design of these programmes. Only few studies, however, have focused on a direct comparison between programmes with respect to differences observed in their effect on teachers’ knowledge. Therefore in this study we explored the impact of three formative assessment programmes on teachers’ knowledge about supporting students’ reflection.Methods: Our study was carried out in the domain of vocational nursing education. Teachers were assigned to an expertise-based assessment programme, a self-assessment combined with collegial feedback programme, or a negotiated assessment programme. We scored the verbal transcriptions of teachers’ responses to video vignette interviews in order to measure their knowledge in a pre- and post-test. Multilevel regression analyses were performed to investigate differences in teachers’ knowledge between the three programmes on the post-test; potential moderating effects of pre-test scores, contextual and individual factors were controlled for.Findings: The knowledge of teachers participating in the expertise-based assessment programme was significantly higher than that of teachers participating in the self-assessment combined with collegial feedback programme. Furthermore, the findings indicate that for professional learning, not only the approach to formative assessment is an important variable, but also the extent to which (a) teachers are intrinsically motivated and (b) they experience a high degree of collegiality at their school.
ARTIKEL