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3A case study and method development research of online simulation gaming to enhance youth care knowlegde exchange. Youth care professionals affirm that the application used has enough relevance as an additional tool for knowledge construction about complex cases. They state that the usability of the application is suitable, however some remarks are given to adapt the virtual environment to the special needs of youth care knowledge exchange. The method of online simulation gaming appears to be useful to improve network competences and to explore the hidden professional capacities of the participant as to the construction of situational cognition, discourse participation and the accountability of intervention choices.
DOCUMENT
When it comes to hard to solve problems, the significance of situational knowledge construction and network coordination must not be underrated. Professional deliberation is directed toward understanding, acting and analysis. We need smart and flexible ways to direct systems information from practice to network reflection, and to guide results from network consultation to practice. This article presents a case study proposal, as follow-up to a recent dissertation about online simulation gaming for youth care network exchange (Van Haaster, 2014).
DOCUMENT
Introduction: Narrative approaches are increasingly used to capture the experiences of young people and parents with care services. These approaches are thought to be inclusive and participatory, opening up new perspectives on care quality and its improvement. This scoping review explores the use, rationale, benefits, and challenges of narrative approaches in understanding the quality of care for young people and their families. Methods: A scoping review was conducted, searching PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, Social Services Abstracts and International Bibliography of the Social Sciences from inception to March 2022. The review targeted studies employing narrative approaches, particularly creative and participative methods, to explore the quality of care for youngsters and parents. Data from 28 studies were extracted, coded, and thematically analysed. Results: Various narrative approaches were identified, employing diverse forms of expression and participation. These approaches aimed to reveal new insights into care quality from the perspectives of youth and their parents, in addition to dominant professional views. Moreover, narrative approaches are utilised to foster participant reflection, for empowerment and the creation of customised services. Nevertheless, there are persistent concerns about representation, power dynamics and the potential for effecting change. Conclusion: Narrative approaches contribute to a comprehensive understanding of care quality. However, reflection and further research are required to explore how narrative approaches foster inclusivity, participation, and improvement of care. Patient and Public Contribution: Members of client/patient organisations were part of the research consortium and contributed to the review setup and the interpretation of findings.
DOCUMENT
The present study evaluates the Youth Initiated Mentoring (YIM) approach in which families and youth care professionals collaborate with an informal mentor, who is someone adolescents (aged twelve to twenty-three) nominate from their own social network. The informal mentor can be a relative, neighbour or friend, who is a confidant and spokesman for the youth and a co-operation partner for parents and professionals. This approach fits with the international tendency in social work to make use of the strengths of families’ social networks and to stimulate client participation. The current study examined through case-file analysis of 200 adolescents (YIM group n ¼ 96, residential comparison group n ¼ 104) whether the YIM approach would be a promising alternative for out-of-home placement of youth with complex needs. A total of 83 per cent of the juveniles in the YIM group were able to nominate a mentor after an average of thirty-three days. Ninety per cent of the adolescents in the YIM group received ambulatory treatment as an alternative for indicated out-of-homeplacement, while their problems were largely comparable with those of juveniles in Dutch semi-secure residential care. Results suggest that the involvement of important non-parental adults may help to prevent out-of-home placement of adolescents with complex needs.
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In this paper we present an analysis of WhatsApp interactions in youth care. In family-style group care young people temporarily live in the family of professional foster parents (PFP), while they regularly visit their birth parents (BPs). Our data consist of instant messaging conversations between 11 pairs of PFPs and BPs during two months. Using Conversation Analysis (CA), we focused on the social interaction between BPs and PFPs, achieved in and through multi-modally constructed sequences of updates - responses. Updates are used by BPs in the context of the transfer from the child from/to the PFP to display responsibility towards the PFP and for the child. Also, PFPs use updates to provide BPs quasi primary access to the experiences of the child, centrally by sending images. Across these functions, we observe specific social actions of BPs and PFPs; while BPs work to display responsibility, PFPs subtly empower BPs as parents.
DOCUMENT
The digital platform Youth Quarter is built by youth care organizations with the intention to facilitate youth care professionals to share knowledge. The adoption of Youth Quarter is investigated using the USE IT-adoption-model. Interviews with 27 youth care professionals demonstrated that the main problem they experience is high working pressure. Youth Quarter does not relieve the working pressure nor solves other relevant problems. Youth Quarter is regarded as having little relevance and not meeting users’ requirements, because of the little content and low number of users. Youth care professionals prefer to consult colleagues, and professionals they know. To increase the adoption, Youth Quarter should reward users by providing up-to-date relevant information and knowledge, and support efficient and effective working processes. Management should share clear goals for Youth Quarter and encourage the use of Youth Quarter, in order to increase the adoption.
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This article introduces the concept of alliance in youth care. The concept of (therapeutic) alliance originates in adult psychotherapy and related research. Alliance refers to the working relationship between youth care workers and their clients. Within this concept, personal (emotional) and task related components can be discerned. The body of psychotherapy research suggests that a positive alliance is perhaps the most powerful predictor of a positive outcome of the collaboration between clients and care professionals. The question that arises there from is: does this also hold true for youth care? Firstly, this article provides a brief overview of alliance, based on the research in psychotherapy (where the concept was thoroughly analysed). Secondly the article gives an overview of alliance in youth care, researched by the Research Group for Key Factors in Youth Care. It is presented as a vital factor within the conceptual theoretical frame of the Integrative Change Factors (ICF) model for youth care. The concept of the ICF model is followed by a description of the development of the YCAS, an instrument to measure alliance in youth care. In conclusion the article reflects on goals for future research on the concept of alliance, aimed at assessing its importance for youth care provision and at providing professionals with valid tools to boost and uphold their alliance building and monitoring skills.
DOCUMENT
The central question in this study is how, for whom, and under which conditions professional youth work contributes to the personal development of socially vulnerable youngsters, the reinforcement of their social network, the enhancement of their social participation, and the timely finding of appropriate specialized care services in relation to contextual factors such as life events and the influence of significant others. This research used a multiple case study with a comparative design. During a 12-month period, youth workers (N = 20) participated in group intervision meetings and kept diaries reporting on their actions and the development of the youngsters (N = 23). An analysis of this data revealed four patterns of development of socially vulnerable youngsters in youth work settings. Each pattern consisted of a specific form of multi-methodic action that resulted in a specific outcome. The study also revealed how these processes of development are influenced by important life events and significant others. The findings suggest that youth work contributes to personal development and social participation and thereby may lessen the need for formal social care services.
DOCUMENT
Purpose
Sexuality and relationships education (SRE) often do not accommodate the needs of vulnerable young people in child and youth social care, (school) social work, and residential or foster care, leaving professionals in these fields a vital role in delivering SRE to these young people. This scoping review examines what competencies professionals need to facilitate adequate guidance and education about sexuality and relationships in their work with vulnerable children and young people.
Methods
We conducted a systematic literature search in five databases – PsychINFO, Eric, Medline, CINAHL and Social Services Abstracts – for articles published between 1991 and 2021 on March 6, 2021, using a set of predefined search strings. Articles on sexuality and relationship education (SRE) or sexual health, related to competencies of (future) professionals and published in English were included.
Results
Our review revealed a range of competencies that professionals may need, such as providing basic prevention, dealing with children struggling with their sexual orientation, handling disclosure of sexual abuse or dealing with problematic sexualized behavior (often combinations of the above), but also supporting young people in exploring positive aspects of relationships and sexuality.
Conclusion
SRE is an integral part of the work of professionals in child and youth social care. Wider organizational and educational commitment is needed for implementation of SRE to facilitate a safe environment for diverse young people.
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Developing autonomy is a pre-requisite for meaningful participation in society. However, youth leaving secure residential youth care (SRYC) relate that treatment does not prepare them well enough to stand on their own feet. Too often these youth are not involved in decisions regarding their own life and future. The original aim of the present study was to develop an instrument for youth leaving SRYC that evaluates the development of autonomy and participation and puts their perspective central. We chose for participatory design-based research. Several design and evaluation cycles were followed using a combination of qualitative research methods. First, the design requirements regarding purpose, form, and content of the instrument were developed in an iterative process with youth and staff. An important result was that the purpose had to be changed. Youth needed a tool supporting the development of autonomy and participation. The tool was designed and called My Path, and invites youth to reflect on what they want with their life and future and to work on this future in small steps. An instruction manual for professionals explains how to put the youth in the lead while they seek and follow their path. A pilot study provided evidence for the usability and trustworthiness of this method to strengthen autonomy and meaningful participation for youth in SRYC. My Path appeared more broadly applicable due to its normalizing approach. In-depth training of professionals is needed to work with My Path while making sure the youth is steadily in the lead. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43151-020-00029-x
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