The purpose of this research is to find evidence for the assumption that allowing children to create their own news messages is an effective approach to teach them how to distinguish between reliable news and fake news. Three students of the primary teacher training programme of The Hague University of Applied Sciences developed five lessons concerning fake news and five Kahoot! quizzes for each of those lessons. They taught the lessons they developed under the supervision of a primary school teacher and one of their lecturers from the university. A Friedman test on the scores of the Kahoot! quizzes indicate that the children made progress over the course of the study. In addition, it appears that the children appreciated the lessons and that they have learned how news is created and how fake news can be recognised. The outcomes of this study have prompted a larger, international Erasmus+ project. Schools and libraries in three countries will investigate similar innovative blended-learning approaches for pupils between ages 12 to 15.
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The purpose of this literature study is to obtain information about educational approaches to teaching 11 to 12 years old children focusing on how to distinguish between real news and fake news. With this purpose we studied 16 academic papers about learning activities to make primary school children media-literate and able to recognise fake news. What we found is that having children create their own news messages seems to be the most effective approach. News messages that they create can be text messages as well as videos, audios, pictures and animations. Based on this conclusion, students from The Hague University of Applied Sciences Teacher Training Institute (PABO) have been asked to develop a set of learning materials that can be used for instruction in primary schools. The effectiveness of those materials is currently being tested at an elementary school in Rijswijk. The results of the literature and the field study will be shared in the Dutch centre of expertise for media literacy education, Mediawijzer.net.
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This article offers an overview of 94 scientific studies (published between 2006 and 2022) to examine how young people (ages 10–36) define, consume, and evaluate news. Research on news and youth has exploded over the past decades, but what can we conclude from it, and how should journalism scholars move forward? The systematic literature review reveals that while young people remain interested in news, how they consume it has changed drastically. Social media platforms and algorithms now play a pivotal role in young people’s news consumption. Moreover, due to the overwhelming nature of today’s high-choice digital media landscape, youth engage both actively and passively with news, while sometimes exhibiting avoidance tendencies. The review also demonstrates how the impact of digitalization has reshaped young people’s ability to critically evaluate the credibility of news, often relying on social networks and technology platforms. The review concludes with a research agenda.
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The research examines junk news, followers of problematic sources as well as artificial amplification on Instagram during the 2019 Dutch provincial and European parliamentary elections. First, this study looks at the circulation of junk content in high-engagement political spaces on Instagram. Second, it takes up the question of the mainstreaming of Dutch junk news providers by looking at the intersection between the followers of Dutch political entities and those of junk news sources. Third, it looks at the presence of artificial engagement tactics (specifically fake followers) employed by Dutch political entities and news sources on Instagram. In all it was found that Dutch political Instagram is a relatively healthy space, but not for all issues or political entities.
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De coronacrisis heeft de zwakke plekken in onze informatievoorziening pijnlijk blootgelegd: tijdens de crisis nam de verspreiding van nepnieuws enorm toe, en complottheorieën beleven hoogtij dagen. Hoe zorgen we als samenleving voor goed geïnformeerde burgers en hoe kunnen informatieprofessionals daarin een rol spelen?
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Heb je wel eens een nieuwsbericht gelezen dat achteraf niet waar bleek te zijn? Niet vreemd, want fake news ofwel nepnieuws is soms bijna niet te onderscheiden van echt nieuws. En je ziet het steeds vaker op je tijdlijn voorbijkomen, want het neemt een steeds grotere plek in op sociale media. Wat is nepnieuws precies? En hoe wordt je mediawijs in tijden van fake news? Jos van Helvoort is tot juni 2022 werkzaam als hogeschooldocent bij de opleiding HBO-ICT van De Haagse Hogeschool en als onderzoeker bij het lectoraat Duurzame Talentontwikkeling. Als onderzoeker was hij vooral geïnteresseerd in de vraag hoe mensen media- en informatievaardigheden gebruiken om zich een leven lang te ontwikkelen.
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A Boolean function can only have either of two values (on, or off, 1, or 0). However, most things that are of value to us humans cannot be captured in the Boolean functions. With a simplification of our complex reality to True and False, we will inevitably destroy our understanding of the world in the end.
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The aim of part 3 is the development of basic instruments to measure respondent resilience to disinformation. Cases and examples of disinformation that will be used in the instruments will be taken from a COVID-19 context when applicable. People who are resilient to COVID-19 disinformation are supposed to be ‘media or information literate’. Therefore, the construct that is aimed to be measured with the instruments is Media and Information Literacy, abbreviated as MIL. Instruments that will be developed must be adaptable for different target groups (pupils, library staff and teachers). The basic instruments will therefore contain for instance scales that can be modified to measure the effectiveness of the train-the-trainer workshops as well as that of fake news workshops in secondary education. Final instruments will be used in the IO3 phase to make recommendations for improvement. Analyses of results of those final assessments will be performed for each country separately. Because the basic instruments that will be developed in output 1 are intended to be used as pre- and post-tests in output 2, the focus will be on the impact of the interventions. For evaluating the processes during the interventions and the participant experiences, extra instruments should be developed.
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Hoe herken je desinformatie? Welke skills heb je daar als jongere voor nodig en hoe kun je je ertegen wapenen? Een consortium van Europese organisaties wil hierbij helpen met het project SMILES, een nieuwe lesmethode waarbij docenten en bibliotheekprofessionals samenwerken om de mediawijsheid van leerlingen tussen de 12 en 15 jaar te vergroten. Een inkijkje in het project.
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SMILES is an international project where six organisations from three countries are collaborating to develop and test innovative approaches to combating the spread of fake news. The project is led by KB, the National Library of the Netherlands and the other partners are the Institute of Sound and Vision and The Hague University of Applied Sciences from the Netherlands, Fundación Goteo/Platoniq from Spain, and Public Libraries 2030 and the Media and Learning Association both of whom will focus on the situation in Belgium. In this article I would like to report on the main results from the baseline study that was carried out in recent months regarding the spread of disinformation in Belgium, the Netherlands and Spain, and existing measures and interventions that have taken place in those countries in combating such disinformation. Detailed reports for each country can be found on the project website.
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