Kunnen basisscholen een bijdrage leveren aan de preventie van gedragsproblemen bij hun leerlingen? Deze vraag vormde de aanleiding tot een pilot waaraan 30 scholen en 650 leerlingen hebben meegedaan. De scholen zijn over drie condities verdeeld: a een conditie waarbij in leerjaar 3 Taakspel werd gebruikt, evenals in leerjaar 4 (de Taakspelconditie); b een conditie waarbij in leerjaar 3 Taakspel werd gebruikt en in leerjaar 4 ook nog PAD werd gebruikt (de Taakspel-plus-PAD conditie); en c een conditie waarin in beide leerjaren géén aandacht aan preventie werd besteed (de controleconditie). Eindmetingen en follow-upmetingen lieten zien dat de twee interventies een gunstig effect hadden op de ernst van de gedragsproblemen en ook op het aantal leerlingen met een geïndiceerd risico op gedragsproblemen. We vonden voor beide interventies daarnaast een gunstig effect op de sociaal-emotionele ontwikkeling van leerlingen: er was sprake van minder slachtofferschap en de emotionele competentie van de leerlingen was hoger dan in de controleconditie. Leerlingen in de Taakspel-plus-PAD conditie waren ten aanzien van beide laatste punten in het voordeel in vergelijking met leerlingen in de Taakspelconditie
DOCUMENT
Background: In general people after stroke do not meet the recommendations for physical activity to conduct a healthy lifestyle. Programs to stimulate walking activity to increase physical activity are based on the available insights into barriers and facilitators to physical activity after stroke. However, these programs are not entirely successful. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively explore perceived barriers and facilitators to outdoor walking using a model of integrated biomedical and behavioral theory, the Physical Activity for people with a Disability model (PAD). Methods: Included were community dwelling respondents after stroke, classified ≥ 3 at the Functional Ambulation Categories (FAC), purposively sampled regarding the use of healthcare. The data was collected triangulating in a multi-methods approach, i.e. semi-structured, structured and focus-group interviews. A primarily deductive thematic content analysis using the PAD-model in a framework-analysis’ approach was conducted after verbatim transcription. Results: 36 respondents (FAC 3–5) participated in 16 semi-structured interviews, eight structured interviews and two focus-group interviews. The data from the interviews covered all domains of the PAD model. Intention, ability and opportunity determined outdoor walking activity. Personal factors determined the intention to walk outdoors, e.g. negative social influence, resulting from restrictive caregivers in the social environment, low self-efficacy influenced by physical environment, and also negative attitude towards physical activity. Walking ability was influenced by loss of balance and reduced walking distance and by impairments of motor control, cognition and aerobic capacity as well as fatigue. Opportunities arising from household responsibilities and lively social constructs facilitated outdoor walking. Conclusion: To stimulate outdoor walking activity, it seems important to influence the intention by addressing social influence, self-efficacy and attitude towards physical activity in the development of efficient interventions. At the same time, improvement of walking ability and creation of opportunity should be considered
DOCUMENT
ABSTRACT Purpose: To gain insight into determinants of physical activity in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury or lower limb amputation, from the perspective of both wheelchair users and rehabilitation professionals. Methods: Seven focus groups were conducted: five with wheelchair users (n=25) and two with rehabilitation professionals (n¼11). The transcripts were analysed using a sequential coding strategy, in which the reported determinants of physical activity were categorized using the Physical Activity for people with a Disability (PAD) model. Results: Reported personal determinants of physical activity were age, general health status, stage of life, demotivation due to difficulty burning calories, available time and energy, balance in daily life, attitude, and history of a physically active lifestyle. Reported environmental determinants were professional guidance, inconvenient exercise times, accessibility of facilities, costs, transportation difficulties, equipment difficulties, and social support. Conclusions: Important, changeable determinants of physical activity that might be influenced in future lifestyle interventions for wheelchair users are: balance in daily life leading to more time and energy to exercise, attitude towards physical activity, professional guidance, accessibility of facilities (providing information on how and where to find accessible facilities), and social support (learning how to get this)
DOCUMENT
