Het romantische beeld van de kunstenaar-bohemien, dat in de 19de eeuw werd geconcipieerd en aan de basis ligt van het autonome kunstenaarschap, heeft de laatste decennia zijn verbeeldingskracht verloren. Onderzoeksrapporten en boeken die ingaan op de beroepspraktijk van beeldend kunstenaars signaleren ‘cross-overs’ (Markusen, Gilmore e.a., 2006) of schetsen een beeld van de kunstenaar als ‘artiste pluriel’ (Bureau, Perrenoud, e.a., 2009). Dat kunstenaars hun artistieke praktijk vaak combineren met andere werkzaamheden zoals doceren of met een baantje in de horeca, is een oud gegeven. Aangezien slechts een kleine groep van zijn of haar beeldende werk kan leven, dienen andere inkomenstenbronnen te worden aangesproken. Wat nieuw zou zijn is echter dat kunstenaars vanaf het postindustriële tijdperk steeds vaker een alternatief beroepsinkomen vinden in de culturele en de creatieve industrie. Van belang is dat ze niet toevallig terecht komen in deze laatste, sterk groeiende bedrijfstak. Ze zouden daar worden aangesproken op hun artistieke en creatieve capaciteiten. De centrale hypothese van dit onderzoek luidt dan ook dat een microsociologisch fenomeen, met name de hybridisering van een beroepspraktijk, in de pas loopt met een macrosociologisch/economisch fenomeen, te weten de opkomst van de cultuur- en creatieve industrie
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In het hoger onderwijs wordt het pedagogisch klimaat veronachtzaamd. Het concept wordt niet mee in beschouwing genomen bij onderwijsinnovatie en onderwijsonderzoek. Dit artikel definieert het concept voor het hbo en werkt het uit op basis van de Zelf-Determinatie Theorie van Ryan en Deci (2000). Zowel voor volwassen werknemers als voor jonge leerlingen geldt dat zij binnen een klimaat dat tegemoet komt aan hun psychologische basisbehoeften aan relatie, competentie en autonomie, beter presteren en een hogere mate van welbevinden ervaren. Belangrijke factor daarin is de stimulans van hun autonome motivatie. Verkennend onderzoek onder studenten en docenten van de Academie voor Sociale Professies wijst op toegevoegde waarde van het in beschouwing nemen van een pedagogisch klimaat bij het overwegen van maatregelen om studiesucces te verbeteren. Een heldere kijk op het pedagogisch klimaat kan het ondersteunen van de motivatie van studenten en zodoende het verbeteren van hun leren theoretisch en empirisch verankeren. ABSTRACT In Dutch Higher Education, no attention is being paid to the Pedagogical Climate in schools. The concept is omitted in educational research as well as in innovative practices. This article defines the concept for use in Higher Education, making use of Ryan and Deci's Self Determination Theory (2000). The performance and well-being of adult employees as well as schoolchildren improve when their basic needs of relation, competence and autonomy are satisfied. A Pedagogical Climate that does so facilitates autonomous motivation. Explorative research done among teachers and students of the Academy of Social Work indicates surplus value of taking into account the Pedagogical Climate when considering various policies aimed to improve study success. Having a clear theoretical and empirical view of the Pedagogical Climate can firmly root initiatives to support students' motivation and help their learning.
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Change is endemic in modern society, and the educational systems that operate in it. In Higher Education societal trends such as globalization and economic rationalism are impacting on teachers. Changes in the student population, new educational methods derived from shifting perspectives on the role of knowledge and re-structuring of the organizations within which teachers work have also led to transformation of the professional context. At European level policy initiatives such as the Bologna Declaration (1999) have necessitated an overhaul of educational provision. This research project attempts to focus on these wideranging changes through the lens of teacher autonomy in order to establish what is changing in the working lives of teachers in a Dutch university, how they are responding to these changes and how they can be helped to respond to change effectively and discriminatingly. This is an insider research project, using case study and semi-structured interviewing to yield data that is subjected to thematic linguistic analysis. It was piloted in 2006, and interviewing was resumed in February 2007. Findings indicate the contested nature of teacher autonomy, and suggest that professional autonomy can impede as well as facilitate teachers in processes of engaging with change. The team - operating as a community of practice - is identified as the location where change agency can operate most effectively. Distributed leadership - specifically perceived in the activities of team leaders and teacher change agents - is seen as crucial to processes of embedding change in educational practice.
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Om veranderingen succesvoller en duurzamer te maken, om het werklezier en de draagkracht van teams te bewaken en om alle lerenden optimale ontwikkelkansen te bieden, is het belangrijk dat er veranderkeuzes gemaakt worden die gestoeld zijn op evidentie, ingebed in een helder beleid. Minder veranderen, maar doordacht en onderbouwd. Daar zijn praktisch bruikbare veranderkennis, opleiding en professionalisering voor nodig. Daar zetten we met het lectoraat Organiseren van Verandering in Onderwijs (OVO) op in. Het doel is om inzichten, instrumentarium en modellen te ontwikkelen die helpen complexe veranderingen in onderwijs meer evidenceinformed te organiseren, te monitoren en evalueren en hiervoor capaciteit te ontwikkelen bij de organisatie en het team van onderwijsprofessionals.
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Prevention of non-communicable diseases through, among other factors, increasing vegetables and fruit (V&F) intake is a cost-effective strategy for risk reduction but requires behavioral change. Such changes in adolescents benefit from their active involvement. The Food Boost Challenge (FBC) was developed using a participatory action research approach to enhance healthy eating behaviors, namely V&F products among adolescents. The FBC is an innovation process, involving adolescents, (peer) researchers, and food system partners, like non-governmental and commercial organizations. In 2021–2022, 34 partners provided both cash and in-kind contributions to join the FBC community. Phase 1 involved 200 students identifying barriers and drivers for consumption of F&V products among 1000 pre-vocational adolescents, aged 12–20 years. In phase 2, student teams submitted innovative ideas, resulting in 25 concepts fitting into ≥1 of 4 routes: (I) innovative technology for a healthy diet, (II) new food products/concepts for adolescents, (III) hotspots improving the F&V product experience, and (IV) new routes to market. In phase 3, consortia of adolescents, students, and partners were formed to develop 10 selected concepts into prototypes, and phase 4 offered teams a national platform. Results show that the FBC resonates with all stakeholders, generating valuable insights to increase F&V intake. Prototypes in all four routes have been developed. Additionally, other regions in the Netherlands have adopted the FBC approach. Overall, the FBC is an approach that transforms ideas into actionable measures and shows potential to be adapted to promote various healthy eating behaviors among school students.
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The HRM study program of The Hague University of Applied Sciences (THUAS) recently replaced classical, module-based education by so-called learning landscapes in which students approach complex problems by interdisciplinary learning activities. Teachers collaborate in multi-disciplinary teams that have a shared responsibility to support students as well as to innovate their education. This new way of organizing educational processes not only need to strengthen the learning ability and flexibility of students, but also the learning and innovation ability of teachers. Our exploratory research among teachers showed that this new way of working increased their job satisfaction. However, teachers experience difficulties in implementing their ideas, which is an important precondition for sustainable educational innovation. In our research we addressed the question whether the new working context of teachers supported innovation. The organizational structure as described in this case study is characterized by a high degree of autonomy for the teachers who collaborate in multidisciplinary teams, in which the management rewards innovative behaviour and facilitates where possible. Given the fact that this context incorporates a high number of elements that are known to facilitate innovation, the assumption was that teachers would experience that this context was supporting them to innovate. We evaluated whether this was indeed the case in their educational innovation. Our research shows that in general teachers positively evaluate the new working context. They experience the renewal process to contribute to their job satisfaction and feel supported by the management. A large majority of the teachers, partly as a result of this new working context, do have many ideas to renew the education. Even though they use multiple sources to generate ideas, they are mainly inspired by the needs of students and the occupational practice. Especially by sharing their ideas with others, they enrich their ideas. For the implementation of their ideas they specifically focus on creating buy-in, mentioned in two-thirds of the storyboards, with activities such as seeking allies, communicating the idea to others and ‘drinking lots of coffee’. In addition, experiments help to make their ideas more visible.
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De noodzaak van een actieve levensstijl voor de gezondheid is inmiddels voldoende bewezen en staan buiten kijf. Echter beweegt nog steeds een aanzienlijk deel van de Nederlandse bevolking consequent te weinig. Een van de belangrijke doelstellingen van het vak lichamelijke opvoeding is om leerlingen te motiveren om deze actieve levensstijl aan te nemen en in hun verdere leven te behouden. De vraag is echter of het vak LO daar, in haar huidige opzet, wel voldoende in slaagt. Worden alle leerlingen wel voldoende bereikt? Waar moet een dergelijke les LO dan aan voldoen? Hoe ziet zo’n les eruit? Dit artikel stipt een aantal onderzoeken aan die dit probleem onder de loep hebben genomen.
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Educational innovations often tend to fail, mainly because teachers and school principals do not feel involved or are not allowed to have a say. Angela de Jong's dissertation shows the importance of school principals and teachers leading 'collaborative innovation' together. Collaborative innovation requires a collaborative, distributed approach involving both horizontal and vertical working relationships in a school. Her research shows that teams with more distributed leadership have a more collaborative 'spirit' to improve education. Team members move beyond formal (leadership) roles, and work more collectively on school-wide educational improvement from intrinsic motivation. De Jong further shows that school principals seek a balance in steering and providing space. She distinguished three leadership patterns: Team Player, Key Player, Facilitator. Team players in particular are important for more collaborative innovation in a school. They balance between providing professional space to teachers (who look beyond their own classroom) and steering for strategy, frameworks, boundaries, and vision. This research took place in schools working with the program of Foundation leerKRACHT, a program implemented by more than a thousand schools (primary, secondary, and vocational education). The study recommends, towards school principals and teachers, and also towards trainers, policymakers, and school board members, to reflect more explicitly on their roles in collaborative innovation and talk about those roles.
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