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Products 93

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Laser-MIG/MAG hybride lassen

Dit Tech-Info-blad is tot stand gekomen binnen het kader van het kennisoverdrachtproject "Fabricage van producten met geavanceerde productiemiddelen voor het omvormen en verbinden - FPGP". In dit kader zijn ook de volgende publicaties uitgegeven: TI.07.37 - "Laserlassen van complexe producten" en TI.07.38 - "Geautomatiseerd buigen". Uitgebreide informatie betreffende het laserlassen is tevens te vinden op de websites www.dunneplaat-online.nl en www.verbinden-online.nl, waarop tevens de volgende relevante Tech-Info-bladen vrij gedownload kunnen worden: TI.99.08 - "Laserlassen van beklede plaat", TI.00.11 - "Oppervlaktebehandelingen met de laser (cladden, legeren en dispergeren)", TI.00.12 - "Laser- en waterstraalsnijden van gelamineerde en beklede plaat", TI.07.34 - "Laserlassen vs. conventionele lastechnieken", TI.07.35 - "Omvormen", IOP 7.2 - "Lasertransformatieharden", alsmede de praktijkaanbeveling PA.02.13 - "Oppervlaktebewerkingen met hoogvermogen lasers".

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Buckling Prediction of MWCNT-reinforced Laminated Composite Structures under Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Conditions

This study presents a detailed buckling analysis of laminated composites reinforced by multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) inclusions using a multiscale computational framework. It combines multiple analytical and computational techniques to assess the performance of these composites under varying hygro-thermo-mechanical conditions. The model incorporates nanoscopic MWCNT characteristics, estimates orthotropic constants, and investigates the impact of various factors on the critical buckling load of MWCNT-based laminates. Comparison with existing data validates our approach, marking the first usage of the multiscale finite element method for predicting the buckling behaviour of MWCNT-reinforced laminates. This research offers valuable design insights for various industries including aerospace and automotive.

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Buckling Prediction of MWCNT-reinforced Laminated Composite Structures under Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Conditions

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Thermoharders: kort & bondig

Het boekje ‘Thermoharders: kort & bondig’ van het Saxion Kenniscentrum Design en Technologie beschrijft de onderzoeksresultaten van het project Materialen in Ontwerp 1, deelproject Thermoharder. Het boekje is geschreven om meer informatie te geven over thermoharders. Het produceren van thermoharder producten is een arbeidsintensief proces. Daarom wordt het steeds lastiger om te kunnen concurreren met thermoplasten. De thermoharderindustrie richt zich steeds meer op niche markten. Hier kunnen de specifieke eigenschappen van thermoharders goed benut worden. Helaas is kennis over thermoharders geen algemeen goed meer. Vaak weet men te vertellen dat de thermoharders over het algemeen beter tegen hitte kunnen dan thermoplasten, maar daar houdt het vaak op. Door het gebrek aan kennis over thermoharders wordt het materiaal vaak niet als productmateriaal in overwegingen meegenomen, terwijl het materiaal uitstekend aansluit bij sommige specificaties van nichemarktproducten. Om deze kans te benutten, geeft dit boekje een uiteenzetting van typische materiaaleigenschappen, thermoharders in composieten, verschillende productietechnieken en verschillende toepassingen.

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Surface and Bulk Modification of Synthetic Textiles to Improve Dyeability

Synthetic fibers, mainly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polypropylene (PP), are the most widely used polymers in the textile industry. These fibers surpass the production of natural fibers with a market share of 54.4%. The advantages of these fibers are their high modulus and strength, stiffness, stretch or elasticity, wrinkle and abrasion resistances, relatively low cost, convenient processing, tailorable performance and easy recycling. The downside to synthetic fibers use are reduced wearing comfort, build-up of electrostatic charge, the tendency to pill, difficulties in finishing, poor soil release properties and low dyeability. These disadvantages are largely associated with their hydrophobic nature. To render their surfaces hydrophilic, various physical, chemical and bulk modification methods are employed to mimic the advantageous properties of their natural counterparts. This review is focused on the application of recent methods for the modification of synthetic textiles using physical methods (corona discharge, plasma, laser, electron beam and neutron irradiations), chemical methods (ozone-gas treatment, supercritical carbon dioxide technique, vapor deposition, surface grafting, enzymatic modification, sol-gel technique, layer-by-layer deposition of nano-materials, micro-encapsulation method and treatment with different reagents) and bulk modification methods by blending polymers with different compounds in extrusion to absorb different colorants. Nowadays, the bulk and surface functionalization of synthetic fibers for various applications is considered as one of the best methods for modern textile finishing processes (Tomasino, 1992). This last stage of textile processing has employed new routes to demonstrate the great potential of nano-science and technology for this industry (Lewin, 2007). Combination of physical technologies and nano-science enhances the durability of textile materials against washing, ultraviolet radiation, friction, abrasion, tension and fading (Kirk–Othmer, 1998). European methods for application of new functional finishing materials must meet high ethical demands for environmental-friendly processing (Fourne, 1999). For this purpose the process of textile finishing is optimized by different researchers in new findings (Elices & Llorca, 2002). Application of inorganic and organic nano-particles have enhanced synthetic fibers attributes, such as softness, durability, breathability, water repellency, fire retardancy and antimicrobial properties (Franz, 2003; McIntyre, 2005; Xanthos, 2005). This review article gives an application overview of various physical and chemical methods of inorganic and organic structured material as potential modifying agents of textiles with emphasis on dyeability enhancements. The composition of synthetic fibers includes polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamides (PA) or polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Synthetic fibers already hold a 54% market share in the fiber market. Of this market share, PET alone accounts for almost 50% of all fiber materials in 2008 (Gubitz & Cavaco-Paulo, 2008). Polypropylene, a major component for the nonwovens market accounts for 10% of the market share of both natural and synthetic fibers worldwide (INDA, 2008 and Aizenshtein, 2008). It is apparent that synthetic polymers have unique properties, such as high uniformity, mechanical strength and resistance to chemicals or abrasion. However, high hydrophobicity, the build-up of static charges, poor breathability, and resistant to finishing are undesirable properties of synthetic materials (Gubitz & Cavaco-Paulo, 2008). Synthetic textile fibers typically undergo a variety of pre-treatments before dyeing and printing is feasible. Compared to their cotton counterparts, fabrics made from synthetic fibers undergo mild scouring before dyeing. Nonetheless, these treatments still create undesirable process conditions wh

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Surface and Bulk Modification of Synthetic Textiles to Improve Dyeability

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Development Midstream processing of Flax-fiber

Stricter environmental policies, increased energy prices and depletion of resources are forcing industries to look for bio-based and low carbon footprint products. For industries, flax is interesting resource since it is light, strong, environmental friendly and renewable. From flax plant to fiber products involves biochemical and mechanical processes. Moreover, production and processing costs have to compete with other products, like petroleum based materials. This research focusses on sustainable process improvement from flax plant to fiber production. Flax retting is a biological process at which mainly pectin is removed. Without retting, the desired fibre remains attached to the wooden core of the flax stem. As a result, the flax fibres cannot be gained, or have a lows quality. After retting, the fibers are released from the wooden core. Furthermore, machines have been introduced in the flax production process, but the best quality fibers are still produced manually. Due to the high labor intensity the process is too expensive and the process needs to be economical optimized. Since the retting process determines all other downstream processes, retting is the first step to focus on. Lab-scale experiments were performed to investigate the retting process. Factors that were researched were low cost processing conditions like, temperature, pH, dew retting and water retting. The retting rate was low, around three weeks for complete retting. The best retting conditions were at 20°C with water and any addition of chemicals. The process could be shortened to two weeks by recycling the water phase. In a scale-up experiment, a rotating drum was used at the optimal conditions from the lab-experiment (20°C and water). First the flax did not mix with the water content in the rotating drum. The flax was too rigid and did not tumble. Therefore, bundles of flax plants were used. The inner core of the bundle seemed to be protected and the retting rate was less compared to the flax on the surface of the flax bundle. This implies that mechanical impact increased retting in the rotating drum, however heterogeneous retting should be avoided. To overcome the heterogeneous retting problem, a water column was used to improve heterogeneous retting. Retting was performed in a water column and mixing was accomplished by bubbling air. As a result of the mixing, the flax bundle was retted homogenously. And after drying, it was possible to separate the fibers from the wooden flax core. Retting with a bubble column can overcome this problem and seems to be a usable retting process step. Water samples of the lab-scale experiments, the rotating drum and the bubble column showed a chemical oxygen demand (COD) content up to 4 g/L. Overall, 1 kg Flax resulted in 40 g COD. This indicates the possibility to produce biogas that can be used for generating heat and electricity, to make the process sustainable. Around 50% of the weight consists of wooden shives. The shives can be used for pyrolysis and it was possible to produce around 30% coal and 20% oil. These compounds can be used as building blocks, but also to generate heat and electricity. Heat and electricity can be used for the flax processing. Shives were only dried for 1 day at 105°C and slow pyrolysis was used. This indicates that a higher yield can be expected at fast pyrolysis. Overall, the reported implicates that quality fiber production from flax plant can be a feasible, sustainable and a renewable production process. Feasibility of the process can be obtained by, (1) retting at low-cost process conditions of 20°C and using water without any addition of chemicals, (2) with increased flax retting rate by recycling water, (3) with increased flax retting rate by introducing mixing forces, and the ability to lower the energy consumption of the overall process, (4) producing biogas from the COD with anaerobic digestion and (5) producing pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis c

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Projects 2

project

Ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of paper sludge to circular bio-based chemicals

Paper sludge contains papermaking mineral additives and fibers, which could be reused or recycled, thus enhancing the circularity. One of the promising technologies is the fast pyrolysis of paper sludge, which is capable of recovering > 99 wt.% of the fine minerals in the paper sludge and also affording a bio-liquid. The fine minerals (e.g., ‘circular’ CaCO3) can be reused as filler in consumer products thereby reducing the required primary resources. However, the bio-liquid has a lower quality compared to fossil fuels, and only a limited application, e.g., for heat generation, has been applied. This could be significantly improved by catalytic upgrading of the fast pyrolysis vapor, known as an ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis approach. We have recently found that a high-quality bio-oil (mainly ‘bio-based’ paraffins and low-molecular-weight aromatics, carbon yield of 21%, and HHV of 41.1 MJ kg-1) was produced (Chem. Eng. J., 420 (2021), 129714). Nevertheless, catalyst deactivation occurred after a few hours’ of reaction. As such, catalyst stability and regenerability are of research interest and also of high relevance for industrial implementation. This project aims to study the potential of the add-on catalytic upgrading step to the industrial fast pyrolysis of paper sludge process. One important performance metric for sustainable catalysis in the industry is the level of catalyst consumption (kgcat tprod-1) for catalytic pyrolysis of paper sludge. Another important research topic is to establish the correlation between yield and selectivity of the bio-chemicals and the catalyst characteristics. For this, different types of catalysts (e.g., FCC-type E-Cat) will be tested and several reaction-regeneration cycles will be performed. These studies will determine under which conditions catalytic fast pyrolysis of paper sludge is technically and economically viable.

Finished

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ModuBase

Lichtgewicht voertuigen voor stadsdistributie bestaan voor een belangrijk deel uit vezelversterkte kunststoffen zoals carbon fiber reinforced polymers. De productie hiervan is tijdrovend en recycling is maar beperkt mogelijk. Het realiseren van zero-emissie stadsvervoer in 2025 wordt met de bestaande technologie duur en niet circulair. ModuBase beoogt een nieuw recyclebaar polymeer in combinatie met een Added Manufacturing platform (3D Printen) te ontwikkelen. Hiermee wordt het mogelijk om volledig recyclebare kunststoffen 3D te printen dichtbij de montage van de voertuigen. Supply chains worden zo korter, gebruikers en ontwerpers krijgen meer ontwerpvrijheid en de grondstof is (oneindig) recyclebaar. Dit consortium maakt gebruik van een nieuw ontwikkeld thermoplastisch polymeer en gaat dit voor het eerst toepassen in 3D printing. Hiervoor is een consortium voorzien met de materiaalexpertise (DSM), 3D Printexpertise (CEAD) en werktuigbouwkundige ontwikkelexpertise (Fontys). De materialen worden uitvoerig bestudeerd voor automotive toepassingen, ontwerpregels worden opgesteld en eerste werkstukken worden geprint. Materiaaleigenschappen en recyclebaarheid na het printen worden in testopstellingen ge-evalueerd. Resultaat is een proof of concept van een vezelversterkt 3D print platform. Het betrokken industriële (automotive) cluster van Brainport wordt geïnteresseerd om met de nieuw ontwikkelde 3D printkennis prototypes voor Light Electric Vehicles onderdelen te gaan ontwikkelen en onderzoeken.

Finished

Products 93

product

Laser-MIG/MAG hybride lassen

PDF

product

Buckling Prediction of MWCNT-reinforced Laminated Composite Structures under Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Conditions

PDF

product

Thermoharders: kort & bondig

MULTIFILE

product

Surface and Bulk Modification of Synthetic Textiles to Improve Dyeability

MULTIFILE

product

Development Midstream processing of Flax-fiber

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Projects 2

project

Ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of paper sludge to circular bio-based chemicals

Finished

project

ModuBase

Finished

Search results

Products 93

Laser-MIG/MAG hybride lassen

Buckling Prediction of MWCNT-reinforced Laminated Composite Structures under Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Conditions

Thermoharders: kort & bondig

Surface and Bulk Modification of Synthetic Textiles to Improve Dyeability

Vegetable oils as carbon and energy source for Aureobasidium melanogenum in batch cultivation

Rotocraft access panel from recycled carbon PPS - The World's first flying fully recycled thermoplastic composite application in aerospace

Rapid manufacturing and lightweight Composites for more precision

Development Midstream processing of Flax-fiber

Finite element modelling of carbon fiber - carbon nanostructure - polymer hybrid composite structures

Projects 2

Ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of paper sludge to circular bio-based chemicals

ModuBase

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Products 93

Laser-MIG/MAG hybride lassen

Buckling Prediction of MWCNT-reinforced Laminated Composite Structures under Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Conditions

Thermoharders: kort & bondig

Surface and Bulk Modification of Synthetic Textiles to Improve Dyeability

Vegetable oils as carbon and energy source for Aureobasidium melanogenum in batch cultivation

Rotocraft access panel from recycled carbon PPS - The World's first flying fully recycled thermoplastic composite application in aerospace

Rapid manufacturing and lightweight Composites for more precision

Development Midstream processing of Flax-fiber

Finite element modelling of carbon fiber - carbon nanostructure - polymer hybrid composite structures

Projects 2

Ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of paper sludge to circular bio-based chemicals

ModuBase