A damage estimation exercise has been carried out using the building stock inventory and population database of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and selected European earthquake loss estimation packages: KOERILOSS, SELENA, ESCENARIS, SIGE, and DBELA. The input ground-motions, common to all models, correspond to a “credible worst case scenario” involving the rupture of the four segments of the Main Marmara Fault closest to Istanbul in a Mw 7.5 earthquake. The aim of the exercise is to assess the applicability of the selected software packages to earthquake loss estimation in the context of rapid post-earthquake response in European urban centers. The results in terms of predicted building damage and social losses are critically compared amongst each other, as well as with the results of previous scenario-based earthquake loss assessments carried out for the study area. The key methodological aspects and data needs for European rapid post-earthquake loss estimation are thus identified.
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KNAW – minisymposium ‘Aardbevingsbestendige woningen’ 24 maart 2020Ondanks absentie van het symposium door de Corona crisis is dit boekje samengesteld voor digitale verzending en het drukken van een papieren versie.
DBELA is a Displacement-Based Earthquake Loss Assessment methodology for urban areas which relates the displacement capacity of the building stock to the displacement demand from earthquake scenarios. The building stock is modeled as a random population of building classes with varying geometrical and material properties. The period of vibration of each building in the random population is calculated using a simplified equation based on the height of the building and building type, whilst the displacement capacity at different limit states is predicted using simple equations which are a function of the randomly simulated geometrical and material properties. The displacement capacity of each building is then compared to the displacement demand obtained, from an over-damped displacement spectrum, using its period of vibration; the proportion of buildings which exceed each damage state can thus be estimated. DBELA has been calibrated to the Turkish building stock following the collection of a large database of structural characteristics of buildings from the northern Marmara region. The probabilistic distributions for each of the structural characteristics (e.g. story height, steel properties etc.) have been defined using the aforementioned database. The methodology has then been applied to predict preliminary damage distributions and social losses for the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality for a Mw 7.5 scenario earthquake.
MULTIFILE
In the past, textile material was used to add value to buildings in various applications, as well as improving building performance in terms or in terms of building and acoustics properties, and increasing the esthetic value.Textiles are light in weight, easy to shape, strong, insulating, moisture-regulating and can be provided with extra functions. Particularly in areas with an earthquake risk, as well as cases with a temporary demand for flexible shelters, textiles and primary use.
The pipelines are buried structures. They move together with the soil during a seismic event. They are affected from ground motions. The project aims to find out the possible effects of Groningen earthquakes on pipelines of Loppersum and Slochteren.This project is devised for conducting an initial probe on the available data to see the possible actions that can be taken, initially on these two pilot villages, Loppersum and Slochteren, for detecting the potential relationship between the past damages and the seismic activity.Lifeline infrastructure, such as water mains and sewerage systems, covering our urbanised areas like a network, are most of the times, sensitive to seismic actions. This sensitivity can be in the form of extended damage during seismic events, or other collateral damages, such as what happened in Christchurch Earthquakes in 2011 in New Zealand when the sewerage system of the city was filled in with tonnes of sand due to liquefaction.Regular damage detection is one of key solutions for operational purposes. The earthquake mitigation, however, needs large scale risk studies with expected spatial distribution of damages for varying seismic hazard levels.
Krewerd is a small village in the North-East side of the Groningen Gas Field. It has 45 houses in total, 2 of which are included in the P50 risk zone and will therefore be assessed by National Coordinator Groningen (NCG). The rest of the houses are not in the priority list and will not be evaluated within 3 years, according to the existing plans of September 2019. It has been made clear by NCG that the usual engineering process, that includes all sorts of engineering calculations and procedures per NPR9998, cannot be followed in Krewerd. This is because the available engineering capacity is being used by NCG at its maximum, for the prior aim of accelerating the assessment and strengthening works in the P50 region. This project is prepared for presentation to NCG as an experimental project at Krewerd and is based on an initial document prepared by Fons Verheijen , a supportive document prepared by Otto Wassenaar , as well as the recent meeting by the two and Ihsan Engin Bal from Hanze. Furthermore, considering that the NCG is seeking an acceleration of the assessment procedure, the village Krewerd may play a role as a pilot.
