Comparisons of visual perception, response-selection, and response-execution performance were made between Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and a matched nondiabetic control group. 10 well-controlled male patients with Type 2 diabetes without diabetic complications (M age 58 yr.) and an age and IQ-matched non-diabetic control group consisting of 13 male healthy volunteers (M age 57 yr.) were included. Significant differences were found only between the two groups on response-selection performance, which concerns the selection and preparation of an appropriate motor action.
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The studies in this thesis aim to increase understanding of the effects of various characteristics of scientific news about a common chronic disease, i.e., diabetes, on the cognitive responses (e.g., emotions, attitudes, intentions) of diabetes patients. The research questions presented in this thesis are guided by the Health Belief Model, a theoretical framework developed to explain and predict healthrelated behaviours based on an individual’s beliefs and attitudes. The model asserts that perceived barriers to a recommended health behavior, advantages of the behavior, self-efficacy in executing the behavior, and disease severity and personal susceptibility to the disease are important predictors of a health behavior. Communication is one of the cues to action (i.e., stimuli) that may trigger the decision-making process relating to accepting a medical or lifestyle recommendation.
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Het overvoeren van zeer jonge kinderen (0 - 3 jaar) leidt ertoe dat zij later als volwassene een enorm hongergevoel hebben en daardoor in onze maatschappij van automatisering en overvloed overgewicht ontwikkelen. Daarnaast slapen mensen met overgewicht significant korter. In dit artikel wordt uiteengezet wat de evolutionaire verklaring hiervoor zou kunnen zijn. Tevens wordt een toetsbare hypothese opgesteld waarin de voorspelling wordt gedaan dat overvoeren op jonge leeftijd leidt tot overgewicht en korter slapen op latere leeftijd.
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