Werkboek 2 uit de reeks "Eigen Regie en Herstel"geeft antwoorden op een aantal veel voorkomende vragen die mensen hebben over psychische klachten. Kennis geeft mensen kracht. Het hebben van psychiatrische klachten kan overweldigend zijn. Kennis over wat er precies aan de hand is, maakt het mogelijk om beter over deze ervaringen te praten. Inzicht in de eigen situatie helpt bij het kiezen van de beste behandeling en bij het opbouwen van een beter leven. Deze publicatie is een bewerkte, geautoriseerde vertaling van “Illness management and recovery: Personalized skills and strategies for those with mental illness” van Gingerich, S., Mueser, K. T., & New Hampshire-Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center (2011). ISBN: 978-1616491062 Uitgever: Hazelden Foundation, Center City, MN 55012, USA.Nederlandse vertalingLaura Stalenhoef (Saxion, student TP)Marijke Brugman (Saxion; Netwerk IMR)Rieke Kamman (Dimence Groep)Grietje Meinen (RIBW Groep Overijssel; Netwerk IMR)Redactie/EditorAd Bergsma (Saxion Hogeschool)Hanneke Teunissen (Saxion Hogeschool)BewerkingAd Bergsma (Saxion Hogeschool)Ingrid Stevelmans (GGzE)Marijke Brugman (Saxion Hogeschool)Trudy Sterk (Zorggroep Apeldoorn en omstreken)Titus Beentjes (Dimence Groep)Jos Droës (Stichting Rehabilitatie '92)Petra Schaftenaar (Inforsa)Peter Pierik (Saxion Hogeschool)Kim Mueser (Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University)Susan Gingerich (Independent Consultant, Philadelphia, PA, United States)IllustratiesIris de Rooij
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The basic level of postural control is functionally active from early infancy onwards: young infants possess a repertoire of direction-specific postural adjustments. Whether or not direction-specific adjustments are used depends on the child's age and the nature of the postural task. The second level of control emerges after 3 months: children start to develop the capacity to adapt postural activity to environmental constraints. But the adult form of postural adaptation first emerges after adolescence. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) in general have the ability to generate direction-specific adjustments, but they show a delayed development in the capacity to recruit direction-specific adjustments in tasks with a mild postural challenge. Children with CP virtually always have difficulties in the adaptation of direction-specific activity. The limited data available on the effect of intervention on postural development suggest that intervention involving active trial and error experience may accelerate postural development in typically developing infants and may improve postural control in children with or at high risk for a developmental motor disorder.
Objectives: Participation is considerably restricted in children and adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI) as compared to their healthy peers. This systematic review aims to identify which factors are associated with participation in children and adolescents with ABI. Methods: A systematic search in Medline and various other electronic databases from January 2001–November 2014 was performed. All clinical studies describing determinants of participation at least 1 year after the diagnosis of ABI by means of one or more pre-defined instruments in patients up to 18 years of age were included. Extracted data included study characteristics, patient characteristics, participation outcome and determinants of participation (categorized into: health conditions (including characteristics of ABI), body functions and structures, activities, personal factors and environmental factors). The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated based on three quality aspects (selection, information and statistical analysis bias) and scored as low, moderate or high. Results: Eight studies using an explicit participation outcome measure were selected after review, including a total of 1863 patients, with a follow-up ranging from 1 up to 288 months. Three studies included patients with a traumatic or a non-traumatic brain injury (TBI or NTBI) and five studies with only TBI patients. Factors consistently found to be associated with more participation restrictions were: greater severity of ABI, impaired motor, cognitive, behavioural and/or sensory functioning, limited accessibility of the physical environmentand worse family functioning. Fewer participation problems were associated with a supportive/nurturing parenting style, higher household income, acceptance and support in the community and availability of special programmes. The overall methodological quality of the included studies was high in two and moderate in six studies. Conclusion: This systematic review shows that only a few, moderate quality, studies on the determinants of participation after paediatric ABI using recommended explicit measurement instruments are available. Various components of the ICF model: health condition, body functions and structures and environmental factors were consistently found to be associated with participation. More methodologically sound studies, using the recommended explicit outcome measures, a standardized set of potential determinants and longterm follow-up are suggested to increase the knowledge on participation in children and youth with ABI.
Kinderen met motorische beperkingen (bijv. door DCD, hersenbeschadiging of Spina Bifida) ervaren veel belemmeringen in schoolse participatie (schoolse taken), zoals schrijven, taal, rekenen, meespelen, zelfstandig aankleden, knippen, en gymmen. Zij kunnen moeilijker meedoen aan schoolse taken vanwege hun motorische onhandigheid, vaak gekoppeld aan gedragsproblematiek. Het rapport ‘Ketenafspraken zorg in en om school’ beveelt een integrale benadering en samenwerking aan tussen zorg en onderwijs om schoolse participatie van kinderen met een motorische beperking (en andere kinderen) te bevorderen. Het Partnering for Change model (P4C) wordt door deelnemers van de leergemeenschap Kind en Jeugd Zuyd gezien als een raamwerk dat kan helpen bij het vormgeven van de samenwerking tussen zorgprofessionals en leerkrachten. Over de toepasbaarheid van P4C in het Nederlandse onderwijs en de betekenis ervan voor de dagelijkse praktijk is nog weinig bekend. De basisschool de kleine Wereld zou een eerste verkenning willen doen met het P4C model om te bezien hoe hanteerbaar de aanpak is in de praktijk en welke meerwaarde het heeft voor verandering van competenties van zowel leerkrachten als ergotherapeuten en op de schoolse participatie van kinderen met en zonder beperkingen.
