Digital mobility services have great potential to increase passengers' transportation options, improve their experiences and reduce exclusion. For example, they can facilitate access to information and support, and join transport modes together more seamlessly. However, these advantages will only be available to those who can access and use these services effectively. To facilitate the development of usable and inclusive services, information on the range of potential users' digital interface capabilities, attitudes and current use of digital services is needed. A population-representative survey examining these issues was carried out with 1010 participants in Germany in 2020. As well as self-report questions, it examined basic digital interface competence using simplified paper prototyping. The results are examined in terms of the characteristics of groups that are particularly vulnerable to either digital or transport exclusion. Older people (aged 65+), people with disabilities and people with low levels of education were found to have particularly low levels of digital technology access, use, attitudes and competence. Caution is thus required when rolling out digital mobility services. Non-digital alternatives are needed to ensure an inclusive service. When digital interfaces are used, they need to be designed carefully to be usable by and reassuring to digital novices.
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The EU project X-TEAM D2D focuses on future seamless door-to-door mobility, considering the experiences from Air Traffic Management and the currently available and possible future transport modalities in overall multimodal traffic until 2050. This paper deals with developing a Concept of Operations of an intermodal transport system with special consideration of the pabengers' satisfaction with up to 4-hour journeys. For this purpose, the influences of quality management systems and other organizational facilities on the quality of pabenger travel in the transport system were examined. In the study, integration of various management systems, like resources, traffic information, energy, fleet emergency calls, security and infrastructure, and applications such as weather information platforms and tracking systems, is expected.
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All over the world entrepreneurs drive changes. They develop new products and services, inspire others and take decisions that result in growth of their businesses. But the world around entrepreneurs is changing and so are entrepreneurs. Life-long selfemployment or permanent wage employment are of the past. And the way people perceive self-employment is changing as well. And so must our thinking. Changes in our society call for policies and programmes in support of enterprising people. Diversity, mobility and connectivity offer new opportunities for enterprising people. Markets are changing, become more accessible and there is less need to be bound physically to one place for an entrepreneur. New avenues for business are open thanks to our improved access to information, our connectivity globally through social media and our ability to travel freely and frequently from one country to another. With less focus on life-long (self) employment people now combine paid work (or unpaid – house- work) with self-employment, or opt for just parttime entrepreneurship. New, hybrid forms of enterprising emerge. This combining of work with self-employment is rather common in developing countries, but in Europe it is a phenomenon not yet reported on in statistics and for which policy makers and service providers have no answers yet. Neither exist clear definitions or classifications. This book may serve as an eye-opener: hybrid entrepreneurs are indeed around us and deserve our attention. The research unit Financial Inclusion and New Entrepreneurship of The Hague University of Applied Science challenges policy makers, academics and service providers (such as educational institutes, business advisers and financial institutions) to pay more attention to hybrid entrepreneurs, those enterprising people who intend to create new values for a fair and sustainable society. They might not yet been seen, but they exist…..
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While several governmental and research efforts are set upon mobility-as-a-service (MaaS), most of them are driven by individual travel behavior and potential usage. Scholars argue that this is a too narrow perspective when evaluating government projects because choices individuals make in a private setting might not accurately reflect their preferences towards public policy. Participatory Value Evaluation (PVE) is a novel evaluation framework specifically designed to alleviate this issue by analyzing preferences on the allocation of public budgets. Thus, based on PVE, this project aims at assessing different features of MaaS-services (e.g. enhancing mobility of the elderly and the poor, complementing public transport, etc.) from a social desirability perspective and compare them with investments in alternative social projects. Specifically, it aims at establishing the citizen value of MaaS as compared to social investments in green/recreational areas or transport infrastructure (e.g. bike or bus lanes), and eliciting trade-offs between different features of them. The project includes the selection of different investment projects (and their features) that are politically relevant in Rotterdam. It also includes a qualitative assessment on the way individuals evaluate different social projects and their features and a quantitative assessment based on choice models that allow eliciting trade-offs between different attributes and projects. Finally, policy recommendations are provided based on these results. They allow conceiving investments projects to maximize the societal benefits as well as to construct optimal investment portfolios. This information is to be used as a complement of the evaluation of projects on the basis of individual preferences.
In kleine kernen in krimpgebieden in Nederland is sprake van bereikbaarheidsproblemen. Voorzieningen zoals scholen en winkels verdwijnen en openbaar vervoer is vaak onrendabel. Dit kan gevolgen hebben voor de leefsituatie in kleine kernen. Vraagafhankelijke digitale mobiliteitssystemen vormen een kansrijke oplossing voor de bereikbaarheidsproblematiek van kleine kernen. Het succesvol matchen van vervoersvragen van inwoners met zowel professioneel als particulier aanbod biedt mogelijkheden voor een fijnmazige oplossing in tijd en ruimte voor mobiliteit van inwoners van kleine kernen. Er bestaat een aantal uitdagingen voor het realiseren van dergelijke mobiliteitssystemen die mobiliteitsdiensten combineren, van leenfiets en taxi tot openbaar vervoer en meerijden met een dorpsgenoot. Juist voor kleine kernen speelt het particuliere aanbod een belangrijke rol door een tekort aan openbaar vervoer. Het type mobiliteitssyteem dat geschikt is voor kleine kernen is daarom sterk socio-technisch van aard. Dit zorgt voor extra uitdagingen. Om een mobiliteitssysteem voor kleine kernen te realiseren moet daarom een aantal organisatorische, vervoerskundige, en technische vraagstukken geadresseerd worden. Netmobil richt zich op het oplossen van deze vraagstukken. Organisatorische vragen gaan onder meer over community-building in kleine kernen en samenwerking tussen aanbieders. Vervoerskundige vragen gaan over de analyse van de individuele vervoersvraag en het beschikbare en/of mogelijke aanbod, onder andere op basis van databronnen (‘big data’). Het gaat hierbij bijvoorbeeld om de analyse van de actuele en de potentiele vervoersbehoefte voor verschillende mobiliteitsdiensten. Technische vraagstukken gaan over het vinden van vraag/aanbod-matches op basis van dynamische data en over manieren om mens en technologie optimaal te laten samenwerken aan het succesvolle matches. Netmobil beoogt een vraagafhankelijk mobiliteitssysteem gebaseerd op bestaande componenten van projectpartners aangevuld met componenten die nieuw worden ontwikkeld op basis van de genoemde vragen. Het systeem wordt getest en geëvalueerd binnen twee pilots waarvoor de regio Achterhoek als living lab dient.
