Hoewel consumenten aangeven duurzame aspecten van kleding belangrijk te vinden, vertaalt dit zich niet direct in de aankoop van meer duurzame kleding. Uit een enquête van TMO Fashion Business School onder de klanten van mkb multi-brand fashionretailers (steekproefgrootte= 363) blijkt dat 61% van de ondervraagden niet weet welke merken duurzaam zijn en behoefte hebben aan transparantie hierover. Daarnaast vindt 71% de communicatie van verkoopmedewerkers over duurzaamheid slecht (Van der Laan, 2022). Wat kunnen mkb multi-brand fashionretailers doen om hun assortiment duurzame kleding beter te verkopen? Om antwoord te geven op bovenstaande vraag is Next Fashion Retail (NFR) opgericht; een SIA onderzoeksproject van De Haagse Hogeschool, TMO Development Center, Cube Retail en branchepartners Modint, Inretail en Euretco. Next Fashion Retail onderzoekt hoe moderetailers de online en offline retailomgeving kunnen inzetten om de verkoop van duurzame kleding te stimuleren (Van der Laan, 2022). Het onderzoeksproject van NFR is gestart met de onderzoeksvraag: Hoe kunnen mkb multi-brand fashion retailers hun customer journey inrichten om de verkoop van duurzam(er)e kleding te vergroten? In het voorjaar van 2022 zijn op basis van deze eerste onderzoeksresultaten innovaties ontwikkeld door designstudenten, die retailers helpen hun duurzame mode-aanbod beter te verkopen (Van der Laan, 2022). Het winnende design idee van het NFR onderzoek zijn de informatieve hangers van Maaike Roos: Deze zogenaamde ‘conversation pieces’ stimuleren de dialoog tussen medewerkers en klanten over duurzaamheid en zorgen ervoor dat zowel medewerkers als klanten meer informatie over duurzamere keuzes krijgen. Er zijn 3 categorieën geformuleerd met 6 vragen, vijf op de hangers en éen op de ‘give away’ bij de kassa. De drie categorieën zijn: materialen, makers en care. De categorie materialen bestaat uit de materialen: katoen, polyester, viscose en wol. De categorie ‘ makers’ bestaat uit een shelftalker en een hanger eveneens de categorie ‘care’. Het onderzoek is zowel on- als offline: het offline gedeelte wordt uitgevoerd door studenten van TMO Fashion Business School en zal worden uitgevoerd bij negen retailers in de periode van 14 oktober tot 9 december 2022 (zie tabel 1.0). Het online gedeelte wordt uitgevoerd door studenten van de opleiding Ondernemerschap en Retailmanagement van de Haagse Hogeschool.
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Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) is a technique which uses the influence of strong electric fields to manipulate the break-up of a liquid, pumped through a capillary nozzle, into droplets. In this work, an extended description of a specific high flow EHDA mode, known as the simple-jet mode, is presented. In it, a review of different works published about the mode is presented as well as results about the droplet population generated with varicose and whipping break-up using water as the atomized liquid. Additionally, experiments were conducted to investigate whether such atomization method could be used to improve the efficiency of droplet inair evaporation, using a single effect evaporation chamber coupled with a EHDA multinozzle system functioning as a shower head. The liquid used in these experiments was a solution of water and NaCl (35 g L−1) to simulate sea water average concentrations. The results have shown that, the manipulation of the droplet diameter, droplet size distribution and spray angle, provided by EHDA, could improve the droplet evaporation efficiency by up to 40% when combinedwith, e.g. forced convection and higher inlet temperatures.
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Het concept “nudging” is populair geworden door het boek van Thaler & Sunstein uit 2008 waarin nudging wordt omschreven als een manier om mensen door middel van een klein duwtje (een nudge) “betere” beslissingen te laten nemen. Hierbij gaat met ervan uit dat consumenten beïnvloed worden door irrationele motivaties. Mensen maken niet altijd keuzen die het beste zijn voor zichzelf en voor de maatschappij, met name als het gaat om routinematig gedrag, of juist om complexe keuzes. Nudges zijn simpele, niet dwingende interventies die mensen stimuleren een bepaalde keuze te maken terwijl ze hun keuzevrijheid behouden. Nudges maken het gewenste gedrag heel gemakkelijk, aantrekkelijk en sociaal. In dit rapport, uitgevoerd in het kader van het SIA praktijkonderzoek Next Fashion Retail, wordt op basis van literatuuronderzoek en interviews met vijf nudging experts een overzicht gegeven van de meest veelbelovende nudges om het kopen van duurzame mode te stimuleren.
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Background:Tobacco consumption is a leading cause of death and disease, killing >8 million people each year. Smoking cessation significantly reduces the risk of developing smoking-related diseases. Although combined treatment for addiction is promising, evidence of its effectiveness is still emerging. Currently, there is no published research comparing the effectiveness of blended smoking cessation treatments (BSCTs) with face-to-face (F2F) treatments, where web-based components replace 50% of the F2F components in blended treatment.Objective:The primary objective of this 2-arm noninferiority randomized controlled trial was to determine whether a BSCT is noninferior to an F2F treatment with identical ingredients in achieving abstinence rates.Methods:This study included 344 individuals who smoke (at least 1 cigarette per day) attending an outpatient smoking cessation clinic in the Netherlands. The participants received either a blended 50% F2F and 50% web-based BSCT or only F2F treatment with similar content and intensity. The primary outcome measure was cotinine-validated abstinence rates from all smoking products at 3 and 15 months after treatment initiation. Additional measures included carbon monoxide–validated point prevalence abstinence; self-reported point prevalence abstinence; and self-reported continuous abstinence rates at 3, 6, 9, and 15 months after treatment initiation.Results:None of the 13 outcomes showed statistically confirmed noninferiority of the BSCT, whereas 4 outcomes showed significantly (P<.001) inferior abstinence rates of the BSCT: cotinine-validated point prevalence abstinence rate at 3 months (difference 12.7, 95% CI 6.2-19.4), self-reported point prevalence abstinence rate at 6 months (difference 19.3, 95% CI 11.5-27.0) and at 15 months (difference 11.7, 95% CI 5.8-17.9), and self-reported continuous abstinence rate at 6 months (difference 13.8, 95% CI 6.8-20.8). The remaining 9 outcomes, including the cotinine-validated point prevalence abstinence rate at 15 months, were inconclusive.Conclusions:In this high-intensity outpatient smoking cessation trial, the blended mode was predominantly less effective than the traditional F2F mode. The results contradict the widely assumed potential benefits of blended treatment and suggest that further research is needed to identify the critical factors in the design of blended interventions.Trial Registration:Netherlands Trial Register 27150; https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/27150
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OBJECTIVES: Amplitude-mode (A-mode) ultrasonography is a promising technique to monitor loss and recovery of skeletal muscle in patients with burns. However, its clinimetric properties are unknown. Therefore, we determined its feasibility, interrater, and intrarater reliability, and clinical utility.METHODS: Skeletal muscle thickness of upper arms and legs was assessed longitudinally in hospitalized adult patients with ≥ 5 % total body surface area (TBSA) burns, by pairs of two out of five raters. Feasibility was evaluated by % successful assessments, reliability by intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), and clinical utility by smallest detectable change (SDC).RESULTS: Thirty-four patients participated (77 % male; mean age 48 ± 17 y, median TBSA burned 12 % [IQR 7-19]). Images were acquired on 69 % of planned occasions, and 89 % of images could be analyzed. Overall interrater ICCs were ≥ 0.84 (for pairs: 0.63-0.99) and intrarater ICCs were ≥ 0.95 (for pairs: 0.45-0.99). The overall interrater SDC was ≤ 33 % of the measured mean (for pairs: 3-52 %), while intrarater SDC was ≤ 20 % (for pairs: 3-48 %). All five raters could measure legs with moderate to excellent reliability, whereas for arms some demonstrated poor reliability.CONCLUSION: A-mode ultrasonography assessment of skeletal muscle in patients with burns is feasible. However, reliability and clinical utility are rater-dependent; therefore we recommend assessments by the same rater.
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Background: Blended face-to-face and web-based treatment is a promising mode to deliver smoking cessation treatment. In an outpatient clinic in a Dutch Hospital effectiveness of a blended treatment (BSCT) was compared to usual face-to-face treatment (F2F). The results from 6 months post-treatment follow-up are presented here.Methods: In this open-label two-arm non-inferiority RCT patients (N=344) of a Dutch outpatient smoking cessation clinic were assigned either to the blended smoking cessation treatment (BSCT, N=167) or a face-to-face treatment with identical ingredients and duration (F2F, N=177). CO-validated point prevalence abstinence at 6 months follow-up, taken shortly after end of treatment was analyzed. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed, retaining missing participants as continuing smokers. Non-inferiority was assessed based on a one-sided margin of five percentage points difference between arms. Additionally, a Bayes Factor was estimated (with a BF>3 supporting non-inferiority, and a <.3 rejecting non-inferiority).Method: At 6 months follow up, 23 BSCT participants (13.8%) and 31 F2F participants (17.5%) were abstinent, with a difference of 3.7% (95%CI: 11.4;-4.0) in favor of F2F. Furthermore, a BF=1.28 was found.Discussion: Based on observed biochemically validated abstinence rates, this RCT suggests that delivering outpatient smoking cessation treatment in a blended mode yields comparable quit rates as full face-to-face treatment mode. However, non-inferiority could not be supported conclusively. Ignoring patient preferences for either of the delivery modes may explain these inconclusive findings.
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From PLoS website: In general, dietary antigens are tolerated by the gut associated immune system. Impairment of this so-called oral tolerance is a serious health risk. We have previously shown that activation of the ligand-dependent transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by the environmental pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) affects both oral tolerance and food allergy. In this study, we determine whether a common plant-derived, dietary AhR-ligand modulates oral tolerance as well. We therefore fed mice with indole-3-carbinole (I3C), an AhR ligand that is abundant in cruciferous plants. We show that several I3C metabolites were detectable in the serum after feeding, including the high-affinity ligand 3,3´-diindolylmethane (DIM). I3C feeding robustly induced the AhR-target gene CYP4501A1 in the intestine; I3C feeding also induced the aldh1 gene, whose product catalyzes the formation of retinoic acid (RA), an inducer of regulatory T cells. We then measured parameters indicating oral tolerance and severity of peanut-induced food allergy. In contrast to the tolerance-breaking effect of TCDD, feeding mice with chow containing 2 g/kg I3C lowered the serum anti-ovalbumin IgG1 response in an experimental oral tolerance protocol. Moreover, I3C feeding attenuated symptoms of peanut allergy. In conclusion, the dietary compound I3C can positively influence a vital immune function of the gut.
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In solving systemic design challenges designers co-create with professionals from various fields. In the context of innovation in healthcare practices, this study investigates design abilities that healthcare professionals develop by participating in co-design projects. We conducted a mixed-methods research approach consisting of five retrospective interviews with healthcare researchers involved in co-design projects, and a multiple case study (three cases) on the collaboration between design researchers and healthcare professionals. The three cases all aimed at designing tools for healthcare innovation. The cases differ in the healthcare context and the professionals involved: Paediatric physical therapists in the treatment of babies (0-2 years), supervisors (e.g. in assisted living) of people with intellectual disabilities, and academic researchers in social sciences and design research developing e-health applications for elderly people with early stages of dementia. Literature states that healthcare professionals may be competent in specific abilities related to design, but they are not trained to mode-shift and to use two different ways of working for creativity. We found that the healthcare professionals involved in co-design projects developed design ability over time, and that the research setting was supportive. Based on design abilities that the five healthcare researchers explicated in the interviews as having adopted, we suggest eight mode-shift practices related to design, which we investigated in the cases. Findings of the case-study show that two mode-shift practices related to design and innovation are difficult to adopt for healthcare professionals: Generate and synthesize; and keeping track on overview and details. These two design abilities require more training and/or experience than the other six design abilities that ran smoothly in the cases, if healthcare professionals were facilitated in the process. Healthcare professionals specifically relate two of these practices to design: Collaboration and slow down – sprint. This study discusses these findings by referring to an analogy of kayaking on a wild water river: The collaboration aspect of switching between working in a group and by yourself, like a group of kayakers who collaborate in going down stream a river but peddle by themselves in their own boats; the slowdown and sprint aspect, like kayakers who oversee the river in turning waters and sprint in between, rather than go with the flow in a raft.
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Like many countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced Statistics Netherlands to make changes in its fieldwork strategy. Since mid-March 2020, there have been limited opportunities to conduct face-to-face interviews. Therefore, from September 2020, CAPI sampled people are offered the opportunity to respond by telephone. For this purpose, face-to-face interviewers are instructed to persuade the potential respondent at the doorway. When people refuse a face-to-face interview, interviewers ask for a telephone number and try to make an appointment to conduct the interview by telephone. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of conducting the interview by telephone instead of face-to-face on important survey outcome variables. We were particularly interested in whether differences are due to selection effects or caused by mode-specific measurement errors. Because we did not have the time or capacity to set up a controlled experiment, we performed regression analyses to decompensate the differences between selection effects and mode-specific measurement errors. We used data of the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and the Housing Survey (WoON). Our analysis showed that there were differences in important target variables, for both LFS and WoON. These differences were, however, mainly caused by selection effects – which can be taken into account for during weighting – and were less likely to be caused by mode specific measurement errors. Although there are important limitations and caveats, these findings are supportive to further implement this field strategy.
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The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted—modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits.These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but largescale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth–survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality.
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