Limited data is available on the size of urban goods movement and its impact on numerous aspects with respect to livability such as emissions and spatial impact. The latter becomes more important in densifying cities. This makes it challenging to implement effective measures that aim to reduce the negative impact of urban good movement and to monitor their impact. Furthermore, urban goods movement is diverse and because of this a tailored approach is required to take effective measures. Minimizing the negative impact of a heavy truck in construction logistics requires a different approach than a parcel delivery van. Partly due to a lack of accurate data, this diversity is often not considered when taking measures. This study describes an approach how to use available data on urban traffic, and how to enrich these with other sources, which is used to gain insight into the decomposition (number of trips and kilometers per segment and vehicle type). The usefulness of having this insight is shown for different applications by two case studies: one to estimate the effect of a zero-emission zone in the city of Utrecht and another to estimate the logistics requirements in a car-free area development.
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What is this publication about?In this publication on ‘New urban economies’, we search for answers and insights to a key question: how can cities foster economic development and develop ‘new urban economies’. And, importantly, how can they do that:◗ in concertation with different urban stakeholders, ◗ responding adequately to key challenges and developments beyond their control, ◗ building on the cities’ own identity, industries and competences, ◗ in a sustainable way, ◗ and without compromising weaker groups.
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This paper puts forward a conceptual proposition that ties the discourses on ‘urban memory’ (Stillman and Johanson, 2009; Ringas, Christopoulou, Stefanidakis., 2011; Loughran, Fine & Hunter, 2015), sensory ethnography (Pink 2017 ), and counter-mapping (Crampton and Krygier 2018; ) with digital methods (Rogers, Sánchez-Querubín, and Kil, 2015). As an ‘interventionist’ approach, we understand co-producing counter (dynamic) maps with local stakeholders (actors), coupled with sensory and sentient data as a way of capturing the memory of urban peripheral landscapes (through intervention and participation) and thus creating archival knowledge.Urban memory is often understood as a form of collective memory that isconstituted by individual experiences within the place itself and through its historyand social environment (Ringas et al., 2011). With rapid changes in digitaltechnologies, digital and material have become “inseparate and entangled inenvironments people move and navigate their lives through'' (Pink and Fors, 2017).Memories are “evoked with material engagement with devices” which “opens up afield of sensory and affective engagement” research (ibid). While Pink and Forspropose to follow such engagement in a mundane and everyday setting, seen as anon-representational, phenomenological approach, we put forward a mixedmethods approach that connects sensory and sentient data (as agents) with the largerenvironmental context.Urban areas are often conceptualized as sites of ‘creative destruction’, in between stability and change, space (that can be developed) and place (that is lived in), often subjected to planning, regulation, and economic forces (Batty, 2007). This is especially true for urban areas that are located outside of the ‘center’ or in the cities’ periphery. These areas have experienced an endless cycle of deconstruction and reconstruction often witnessed and captured by local inhabitants, creatives, and activists. Currently, many of the peripheral areas are emancipating, bringing forward and openly communicating their complexities, values, and engaging various stakeholders in their regeneration efforts (which happens in a broader context of many European cities repositioning themselves in more polycentric and polyphonic ways, (Scott, 2015).To be able to capture the memory of ever-changing, ‘built a new’ urban places, we put forward counter (dynamic) mapping using digital methods as complemented with sensory and sentient data generated through interactions with digital technologies. Building on Crampton’s notion of maps (Crampton and Krygier, 2018), cartography is understood as existence (becoming) rather than essence (fixed ontology). Maps are therefore taken not as ‘objects’, but as performative practices. Digital methods, on the other hand, enable us to understand dynamic place-making, through ‘tracing’ the stakeholders (actors) and their relations overtime to capture the ways the urban environment gets performed.To clarify with an example, in Spinoza Imaginaries Lab & Cafe situated inAmsterdam Southeast we have been capturing the ever changing urbanenvironment in partnership with local stakeholders (actors), mapping their evolvingrelationships (and grouping) using the IssueCrawler and sentient data co-gatheredby researchers and students, with the clear understanding that to be able to capturea place, it is important to map the vernacular knowledge of that place (imaginaries,including art, movies, unrealized plans and initiatives, etc.). We propose this mixedmethods approach as an epistemological practice geared towards archiving thedynamic state of urban peripheral landscapes.
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Amsterdam worstelt in toenemende mate met het veranderende gebruik van stedelijke consumptieruimten. Delen van de stad waar wonen, werken, consumeren en recreëren gelijktijdig en door elkaar plaatsvinden. Dit gemengde karakter is in potentie een belangrijke stedelijke kwaliteit, maar blijkt in veel gebieden niet zomaar haalbaar. Dit uit zich enerzijds door een steeds nijpender wordende drukteproblematiek in bepaalde buurten, met monocultuur en aantasting ondernemersklimaat tot gevolg, en anderzijds door teruglopende bezoekersaantallen en leegstand in de minder populaire winkel- en woongebieden. Wat het proces achter deze ontwikkelingen gemeenschappelijk lijkt te hebben, is handelingsverlegenheid bij diverse belanghebbenden om tot collectieve actie te komen en meer grip te krijgen op de situatie. Dit RAAK voorstel wil deze processen van verandering begrijpen en op basis daarvan een nieuw praktische handelingsperspectief bieden aan de diverse actoren. Bewoners, ondernemers, gebiedsontwikkelaars hebben elk hun eigen belang in deze gebieden, maar er is grote onderlinge afhankelijkheid voor een duurzame ontwikkeling. We begrijpen deze plekken daarom als een ‘commons’ (gemeenschappelijke ruimte) met ‘open acces goods’ (vrij toegankelijke producten), waardoor er vormen van afstemming nodig zijn om tot een duurzaam beheer van een dergelijke situatie te komen. NV Zeedijk, Geef om de Jan Eef, VNO-NCW, KHN Amsterdam en de gemeente hebben de HvA gevraagd het voortouw te nemen in een overkoepelend onderzoek naar deze processen van onderkoeling en oververhitting in stedelijke consumptieruimten. De partners onderkennen de complexiteit van het vraagstuk en zien de oplossingsrichting in meer informele gedragsregels en zelfsturing waarbij de overheid een faciliterende rol speelt. Dit moet leiden tot gedragen, intelligente vormen van beïnvloeding. Dit projectvoorstel is de uitkomst van dit initiatief. De centrale vraag van dit project is welke factoren van invloed zijn op de levenscyclus van stedelijke consumptieruimten, wat de onderliggende mechanismen zijn om de evolutie te verklaren en op welke manier commoning het proces kan beïnvloeden.
