Memory forms the input for future behavior. Therefore, how individuals remember a certain experience may be just as important as the experience itself. The peak-and-end-rule (PE-rule) postulates that remembered experiences are best predicted by the peak emotional valence and the emotional valence at the end of an experience in the here and now. The PE-rule, however, has mostly been assessed in experimental paradigms that induce relatively simple, one-dimensional experiences (e.g. experienced pain in a clinical setting). This hampers generalizations of the PE-rule to the experiences in everyday life. This paper evaluates the generalizability of the PE-rule to more complex and heterogeneous experiences by examining the PE-rule in a virtual reality (VR) experience, as VR combines improved ecological validity with rigorous experimental control. Findings indicate that for more complex and heterogeneous experiences, peak and end emotional valence are inferior to other measures (such as averaged valence and arousal ratings over the entire experiential episode) in predicting remembered experience. These findings suggest that the PE-rule cannot be generalized to ecologically more valid experiential episodes.
In recent years, a step change has been seen in the rate of adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies by manufacturers and industrial organizations alike. This article discusses the current state of the art in the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies within the construction industry. Increasing complexity in onsite construction projects coupled with the need for higher productivity is leading to increased interest in the potential use of Industry 4.0 technologies. This article discusses the relevance of the following key Industry 4.0 technologies to construction: data analytics and artificial intelligence, robotics and automation, building information management, sensors and wearables, digital twin, and industrial connectivity. Industrial connectivity is a key aspect as it ensures that all Industry 4.0 technologies are interconnected allowing the full benefits to be realized. This article also presents a research agenda for the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies within the construction sector, a three-phase use of intelligent assets from the point of manufacture up to after build, and a four-staged R&D process for the implementation of smart wearables in a digital enhanced construction site.
Lipids, proteins and biological active compounds that are present in insects can serve as nutrient source for poultry production. Because of the potential benefit effects of using insects as feed additives, we must consider the effects of gut microbiome on the insect affects itself, and the expected effect on the microbiome of the broilers that consume these insects. This is specifically important in the situation where live insects are fed to poultry, without prior processing. In this proposal we describe to study whether larvae fed to broilers will affect their microbiome in a positive way for practical applications in poultry industry. Hence, a pilot proof-of-concept study will be carried out as basis for a follow-up proposal for a larger project in the future, that we also like to set-up within this project. In that follow-up proposal, focus will be on the effect of different substrates for insects, on the insect microbiome, to spike insects with specific bacteria and to track their microbiome dynamics over time, and the effect of these insects used as a feed additive on the broiler gut microbiome. This study will provide results on if live Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL) can affect the broiler gut microbiome in a positive way, and relevant outcomes will be exploited in a follow-up research proposal in which these effects will be unraveled in detail for adoption by the industry. The project is a collaboration between cooperative insect company RavenFeed and NGN Pro-active both with knowledge on BSFL rearing, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR) with knowledge on insect diseases and microbiome analysis, Schothorst Feed Research (SFR) highly experienced in poultry nutrition research and having unique poultry facilities, and Aeres University of Applied Sciences Dronten (AHD) with research facilities for BSFL rearing under experimental conditions.
New biobased and circular products and solutions are invented and optimized all the time. Products that might have the potential to improve the world by preventing pollution and saving natural resources. However many of these promising products do not get a significant place in the market and fail to reach their positive impact. The result is a triple waste: in creativity and innovation, in investment of the companies involved and in opportunities to improve society. In this project Avans Expertise Centrum Sustainable Business (ESB), Avans Centre of Expertise Biobased Economy (CoEBBE) and SMEs Upstairs, Wiltec and NPSP look at the reasons why new sustainable products do not manage to achieve a significant market position and which practical guidelines can be designed to improve the success rate of the introduction of sustainable products and solutions. To realize this, we do not solely look at economic success but we start from the perspective that a successful product is one that truly improves society, rather than predominantly being profitable for a specific company. The focus is on creating multiple value (economic, social and ecological). Based on the theories of meaningful marketing and the adoption of innovations, the project analyses why the introduction of sustainable products and solutions will or will not be likely to succeed and also proposes ways to increase the likelihood of success. The learnings are translated to guidelines a SME should consider before product introduction.
De verplichting in de Binnenvaart om haar emissies te reduceren leidt tot grote uitdagingen in de sector, omdat nieuwe technologie in bestaande schepen tot problemen leidt en vaak een te grote investering vraagt. VIV, de branchevereniging van inbouw-, reparatie- en revisiebedrijven, heeft zich uitgesproken voor het gebruik van hernieuwbare methanol. Het ontbreekt de bedrijven echter aan kennis en vaardigheid over de conversie van een bestaande dieselmotor naar hernieuwbare methanol. De methanol industrie, verenigd in het Methanol Institute, zet zich in voor het gebruik van methanol in de scheepvaart. In de Zeevaart is al ervaring opgedaan met hernieuwbare methanol, maar de schaal en technologie verschilt met die in onze Binnenvaart. VIV en het Methanol Institute hebben de HAN benaderd met de vraag om de kennis en vaardigheid in gebruik van hernieuwbare methanol in scheepsmotoren te vergroten. De HAN beantwoordt deze marktvraag in 4 werkpakketten waar het draait om de retrofit conversie van een bestaande binnenvaartaandrijving, op een praktisch toepasbare manier. Ze maakt hier een vertaalslag van de wetenschap en kennis bij grote zeevaartmotoren, naar het binnenvaart-MKB. Dit gebeurt door te onderzoeken binnen welke kaders, en met welke indicatoren tijdens het afstellen van een onderzoeksmotor, een optimale methanol dual-fuel motor opgezet kan worden. Het hoofddoel is het verhogen van de kennis en vaardigheid over dual-fuel motoren op Hernieuwbare Methanol in de reparatie- en revisiesector. Het Schoon Schip project combineert de opgedane kennis met kennis uit de academische wereld, en de motorervaring van alle partners, om tot een betrouwbare toepassing van methanol in de binnenvaart te komen. Het gaat er om tot een werkende praktijkoplossing te komen voor het gebruik van hernieuwbare methanol in de bestaande vloot van 12.000 binnenvaartschepen.
