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Gewoonten en tijdsdruk leidend bij keuzes voor mkb-financieringen

Samenvatting:Behavioural finance maakt inzichtelijk door welke sociaal-psychologische drijfveren mensen zich laten leiden bij financiële beslissingen. In onze exploratieve studie naar financiering van het mkb laten wij zien hoe financiële professionals worden geleid door gewoonten en routines. Het blijkt dat hun afweging veel componenten kent en dat niet alleen de kapitaalkosten belangrijk zijn. Adviseurs hebben een sterke voorkeur voor reguliere bancaire producten, kiezen uit een beperkt aantal opties en worden erg gedreven door de haalbaarheid van een financieringsaanvraag en de aansluiting van de financier bij de ondernemer. Daarmee negeren zij belangrijke inzichten vanuit financieringstheorieën, zoals de Pecking Order en Growth Cycle Theory.

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Gewoonten en tijdsdruk leidend bij keuzes voor mkb-financieringen

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Validation of Nedap Smarttag Leg and Neck to access behavioural activity level in dairy cattle

The last decades, the number of dairy cows per farm has increased and the time spent on individual cows by the farmer has been reduced. To help the farmer detect changes in activity of cows associated with health issues, activity monitoring systems are being developed. The systems can help with daily farm management decisions, thus increasing farm profitability. Besides this economic benefit there is a social benefit: farmers highly value the herd being under continuous surveillance. Nedap Livestock Management (the Netherlands) introduced a leg activity meter and a neck activity collar: Smarttag Leg and Smarttag Neck. By registering activity of individual cows, the Smarttags help the farmer to detect oestrus and give alerts when activity deviates from normal patterns. The objective of this study was to validate results from the Smarttag Leg and Smarttag Neck, by comparing them with results from live observations and video recordings. Eight lactating dairy cows were observed for 22.5 hours each and video recordings were made of six dry dairy cows for 5.5 hours each. Lying, standing, walking, eating, standing up and ruminating were recorded. Data were compared with results from the Smarttag Leg and Smarttag Neck by calculating Cohen’s Kappa, univariate linear regression analysis, Pearson’s correlation and concordance correlation coefficient. Visual observations and video observations show correlation coefficients of >0.85 with the results of the Smarttags for all behaviours except walking. Correlations between visual and video observations and Smarttag results for walking were 0.45 and 0.50 respectively, possibly due to low incidence and difficulties in observing this behaviour. These results provide strong evidence that the Smarttag Leg and Smarttag Neck can reliably be used to monitor specific behaviours. With this system, the farmer can monitor behaviour and detect behavioural changes.

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The use of games and simulations in higher education can improve students' cognitive and behavioural skills

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Co-designing behaviour change prototypes with paediatric physical therapists

(‘Co’-)Designing for healthy behaviour greatly benefits from integrating insights about individual behaviour and systemic influences. This study reports our experiences in using insights about individual and systemic determinants of behaviour to inform a large co-design project. To do so, we used two design tools that encourage focusing on individual determinants (Behavioural Lenses Approach) and social / systemic aspects of behaviour (Socionas). We performed a qualitative analysis to identify 1) when and how the team applied the design tools, and 2) how the tools supported or obstructed the design process. The results show that both tools had their distinctive uses during the process. Both tools improved the co-design process by deepening the conversations and underpinnings of the prototypes. Using the Behavioural Lenses under the guidance of a behavioural expert proved most beneficial. Furthermore, the Socionas showed the most potential when interacting with stakeholders, i.c. parents and PPTs.

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Co-designing behaviour change prototypes with paediatric physical therapists

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A consumer behavioural approach to food waste.

Purpose: Food waste occurs in every stage of the supply chain, but the value-added lost to waste is the highest when consumers waste food. The purpose of this paper is to understand the food waste behaviour of consumers to support policies for minimising food waste. Design/methodology/approach: Using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as a theoretical lens, the authors design a questionnaire that incorporates contextual factors to explain food waste behaviour. The authors test two models: base (four constructs of TPB) and extended (four constructs of TPB plus six contextual factors). The authors build partial least squares structural equation models to test the hypotheses. Findings: The data confirm significant relationships between food waste and contextual factors such as motives, financial attitudes, planning routines, food surplus, social relationships and Ramadan. Research limitations/implications: The data comes from an agriculturally resource-constrained country: Qatar. Practical implications: Food waste originating from various causes means more food should flow through the supply chains to reach consumers’ homes. Contextual factors identified in this work increase the explanatory power of the base model by 75 per cent. Social implications: Changing eating habits during certain periods of the year and food surplus have a strong impact on food waste behaviour. Originality/value: A country is considered to be food secure if it can provide its citizens with stable access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food. The findings and conclusions inform and impact upon the development of food waste and food security policies.

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Economics, scientific doubt and history

Subjects such as public finance, corporate finance, banking theory, risk management and management accounting are all largely based on the neoclassical approach. Most recent appointed professors have started their work with ideas based on a neoclassical fundament and its methodological preferences. Neoclassical economic thinking is not bad in itself. It has brought much good, even. However, now the downside of neoclassical theory has occurred. Failing financial markets have plunged the global economy into crisis. It is, therefore, high time for a debate on economic concepts as taught in universities and business schools. Are students really trained to think critically about economic theory and the consequences when economic theories are put into practice?

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Toolkit

This toolkit, originating from the research group Psychology for Sustainable Cities, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS), contains materials that help to promote behavioural change in relation to electric shared transport based in onstreet e-Mobility hubs (eHUBs). Behavioural knowledge is an essential ingredient for the successful implementation of eHUBs. Because behaviour is very dependent on the target group’s capabilities and motivation and on the social and physical context in which behaviour takes place, the research group has developed materials that municipalities can use to design a tailor-made eHUBs promotion intervention that suits their own situation. Therefore, practical examples and insights from earlier research are shared with regard to stimulating the use of eHUBs.

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Developing a long-term global tourism transport model using a behavioural approach: implications for sustainable tourism policy

This paper explores the creation and use of a long-term global tourism transport model for private and public sector tourism policy makers. Given that technology is unlikely to reduce tourism transport's impact on climate change sufficiently to avoid serious dangers, behavioural change is necessary. The model presented here helps policy makers and the tourism sector evaluate behavioural change measures. Such tools to assess long-term (up to a century) policy impacts do not currently exist. Projecting behavioural change over such long periods is difficult with contemporary economic modelling. This paper's model is founded in psychological economics theory and mechanisms at work in product diffusion. It describes the tourism system based on identifiable mechanisms and not on statistical relations with only current validity. It delivers global numbers of trips and distances travelled per transport mode as a function of transport cost, travel time, population and income distribution. The model is based on theories including product innovation theory (Bass model) and prospect theory (psychological value). It has been successfully calibrated to tourism development between 1900 and 2005 and tested against future low and high growth economic and demographic scenario combinations. Implications for tourism travel and climate change are discussed.

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Ethics and behavioural theory

The role and ethics of professionals in business and economics have been questioned, especially after the financial crisis of 2008. Some suggest a reorientation using concepts such as craftsmanship. In this article, I will explore professional practices within the context of behavioural theory and business ethics. I suggest that scholars of behavioural theory need a strategy to deal with normative questions to meet their ambition of practical relevance. Evidence-based management (EBMgt), a recent behavioural approach, may assist business ethics scholars in understanding how professionals infer ‘evidence’ to make decisions. For a professional, ethical issues are an integral part of decision-making at critical moments. As reflective practitioners, they develop insights related to ethical concerns when collecting and assessing evidence within decision-making processes.

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Gewoonten en tijdsdruk leidend bij keuzes voor mkb-financieringen

Validation of Nedap Smarttag Leg and Neck to access behavioural activity level in dairy cattle

The use of games and simulations in higher education can improve students' cognitive and behavioural skills

Co-designing behaviour change prototypes with paediatric physical therapists