Preliminary empirical research conducted by the leading author has shown that design students using biological analogies, or models across different contexts, often misinterpreted these, intentionally or unintentionally, during design. By copying shape or form without integrating the main function of the mimicked biological model, students failed to consider the process or system directing that function when attempting to solve the design need. This article considers the first step in the development of an applicable educational model using distant analogies from nature, by means of biomimicry thinking methodology. The analysis examines results from a base-line exercise taken by students in the Minor Design with Nature during the Spring semester of Industrial Design Engineering at The Hague University of Applied Sciences in 2019, verifying that students without biomimicry training use this hollow approach automatically. This research confirms the gap between where students are at the beginning of the semester and where they need to be as expert sustainable designers when they graduate. These findings provide a starting point for future interventions in biomimicry workshops to improve systematic design thinking through structural and scientifically based iterations of analogical reasoning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-020-09574-1 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/helenkopnina/
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Few people I know act likea magnet in the way Laura does. If you hear her speak, see her move, enjoy her smile - you can't help but want to be a part of what makes her heart beat faster. She radiates passion for her dream topic biomimicry and before you know it you're caught in that dream. From the day I met her, I was captivated by her enthusiasm and knowledge about this topic. In fact, meeting Laura made me decide to join the university as I thought: if people like Laura work at THUAS, I want to be a part of this organization'. Over the years I have seen her finish the Msc in biomimicry at Arizona State University followed by a PhD at TUDelft. And all that next to her full time job as a teacher. It's only a miracle that she still found the time to go outdoors and be in Nature. But luckily, she did as this is what nourishes her - and that nourishment is brought into the classroom affecting generations of students. I am very proud of how she builds her tribe just like Nature does; grassroots from the bottom up, not supported but also not inhibited by formal structures. In that way she truly acts as a bridge helping others to tap into Nature's wisdom. This morning I harvested the remaining vegetables from my garden and turned them into lunch. It's the second year I grow vegetables and it feels like I am only at the beginning of learning to collaborate with Nature. In Spring and Summer, Ihave witnessed in awe how seeds become seedlings which then grow into mature plants carrying fruit. The sheer wonder of Nature never ceases to amaze me, and my garden is only an attempt to be more aware of seasonal rhythms. It's Autumn right now, a time of year that invites us to go inside, reflect and let go of old baggage that no longer serves us. We'll be approaching the stage of wintering soon in which our inner journey will benefit from the darkness of wintertime introspection, along with the space to process the old, integrate learnings, and then germinate the new. Over the course of her career, Laura has gone through these seasonal cycles - reinventing herself in the past decade as a teacher, researcher and regenerative leader. One of Laura's many qualities is that she embodies three leadership characteristics derived from Nature. First, she acknowledges the importance of interconnection. Many times, we think of Nature as being separate from us, but in reality we humans are Nature. Connection with Nature enables us to think within systems and understand that we can't direct the system, but instead we're all part of multiple systems. Second, sensing the system and our part in it builds resilience. Even if things don't go as we expected or imagined, rather than reacting, we can step back and engage with more insight. Laura's adaptability to a system's needs while spotting opportunities to crack it open, is admirable. As the system is always in evolution, so is she - remarkably receptive to change even in the final stages of her career. Third, Laura creates space for people to develop and thrive, acting as multipliers of her vision and love for the natural world. In her leadership she embodies the ideal elder while being able to perceive the world through the eyes of a child - with continuous wonder for how life unfolds. This book is a bricolage of Laura's post-doc research conducted the past two years. In it you will find an array of fascinating reads and tools that help you deepen your practice as a biomimicry professional. The book is a community effort integrating tools Laura has co-created with her ecosystem as well as more in-depth readings written by some of the talents she has nourished over time. I wish for you to enjoy this careful curation of both practical as well as more conceptual contributions. May it inspire your own thriving in bringing Nature based wisdom to the core of our daily lives.
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The methodology of biomimicry design thinking is based on and builds upon the overarching patterns that all life abides by. “Cultivating cooperative relationships” within an ecosystem is one such pattern we as humans can learn from to nurture our own mutualistic and symbiotic relationships. While form and process translations from biology to design have proven accessible by students learning biomimicry, the realm of translating biological functions in a systematic approach has proven to be more difficult. This study examines how higher education students can approach the gap that many companies in transition are struggling with today; that of thinking within the closed loops of their own ecosystem, to do good without damaging the system itself. Design students should be able to assess and advise on product design choices within such systems after graduation. We know when tackling a design challenge, teams have difficulties sifting through the mass of information they encounter, and many obstacles are encountered by students and their professional clients when trying to implement systems thinking into their design process. While biomimicry offers guidelines and methodology, there is insufficient research on complex, systems-level problem solving that systems thinking biomimicry requires. This study looks at factors found in course exercises, through student surveys and interviews that helped (novice) professionals initiate systems thinking methods as part of their strategy. The steps found in this research show characteristics from student responses and matching educational steps which enabled them to develop their own approach to challenges in a systems thinking manner. Experiences from the 2022 cohort of the semester “Design with Nature” within the Industrial Design Engineering program at The Hague University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands have shown that the mixing and matching of connected biological design strategies to understand integrating functions and relationships within a human system is a promising first step. Stevens LL, Whitehead C, Singhal A. Cultivating Cooperative Relationships: Identifying Learning Gaps When Teaching Students Systems Thinking Biomimicry. Biomimetics. 2022; 7(4):184. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7040184
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Biomimicry wordt vooral verbonden aan technologische ontwikkelingen. Er zijn veel voorbeelden van producten en innovaties op basis van de biologie. Ingenieurs, architecten, ontwerpers maken gebruik van nieuwe kennis die we hebben opgedaan en opdoen door met moderne middelen de natuur te bestuderen. Mauro Gallo geeft hiervan voorbeelden en gaat daar verder onderzoek naar doen. Van de natuur in haar geheel is meer te leren. In de praktijk van onderwijs, training,advies, consultancy en organisatieontwikkeling, wordt ‘de natuur’ vaak gebruikt als metafoor, als inspiratiebron of als voorbeeld voor allerlei processen zoals leiderschap, samenwerkingen, relaties, en de ontwikkeling van organisaties en de samenleving. Het gaat daarbij veelal over ecologische en veel minder vaak over biologische processen. Langzaam heeft zich de vraag opgedrongen of we in de sociale omgeving meer kunnen leren uit de natuur dan wat we oppervlakkig ‘zien’ en vaak in metaforen vertaald wordt. Meer holistisch bezien gaat het hier over de systemische kant, de complexiteit, de context en de samenhang. Kunnen we bijvoorbeeld aantonen dat fundamentele ecologische principes zoals kringlopen (lerend, zelf organiserend, zelfregulerend en zelfvoorzienend vermogen), successie, diversiteit en veerkracht, sociaal en samenwerkend gedrag, interconnectedness en interdependency toepassen in organisaties leiden tot duurzaam organiseren? In zijn lectoraat doet Mauro Gallo onderzoek naar de betekenis van technische innovaties in en voor de agro- en food sector, en naar de vraag of biomimicry onderbouwd kan worden zodat het bij kan dragen aan het sociaal wetenschappelijk domein. Tegelijkertijd is er een gerichte onderwijsvraag: is het logisch om vanuit ons groene DNA biomimicry-denken mee te nemen in ons onderwijs? Kun je biomimicry leren toepassen en kun je biomimicry toepassen in leren? (Hoe) kunnen we biomimicry toepassen in vmbo en mbo groen, in de lerarenopleiding meegeven aan toekomstige leraren, en opnemen in de professionalisering voor zittende docenten. Is het denkbaar dat het integraal onderdeel van de curricula in het (groene) hbo wordt gericht op het zoeken naar duurzame oplossingen voor vraagstukken in de beroepspraktijk? Zoals hierboven geschetst: genoeg praktijkvragen voor een lectoraat. Daarbij richt het zich echter niet alleen op het toepassen, maar nadrukkelijk op het wetenschappelijk onderbouwen van bio-inspired oplossingen en op het onderwijs.
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Biomimicry wordt vooral verbonden aan technologische ontwikkelingen. Er zijn veel voorbeelden van producten en innovaties op basis van de biologie. Ingenieurs, architecten, ontwerpers maken gebruik van nieuwe kennis die we hebben opgedaan en opdoen door met moderne middelen de natuur te bestuderen. Mauro Gallo geeft hiervan voorbeelden en gaat daar verder onderzoek naar doen. Van de natuur in haar geheel is meer te leren. In de praktijk van onderwijs, training,advies, consultancy en organisatieontwikkeling, wordt ‘de natuur’ vaak gebruikt als metafoor, als inspiratiebron of als voorbeeld voor allerlei processen zoals leiderschap, samenwerkingen, relaties, en de ontwikkeling van organisaties en de samenleving. Het gaat daarbij veelal over ecologische en veel minder vaak over biologische processen. Langzaam heeft zich de vraag opgedrongen of we in de sociale omgeving meer kunnen leren uit de natuur dan wat we oppervlakkig ‘zien’ en vaak in metaforen vertaald wordt. Meer holistisch bezien gaat het hier over de systemische kant, de complexiteit, de context en de samenhang. Kunnen we bijvoorbeeld aantonen dat fundamentele ecologische principes zoals kringlopen (lerend, zelf organiserend, zelfregulerend en zelfvoorzienend vermogen), successie, diversiteit en veerkracht, sociaal en samenwerkend gedrag, interconnectedness en interdependency toepassen in organisaties leiden tot duurzaam organiseren? In zijn lectoraat doet Mauro Gallo onderzoek naar de betekenis van technische innovaties in en voor de agro- en food sector, en naar de vraag of biomimicry onderbouwd kan worden zodat het bij kan dragen aan het sociaal wetenschappelijk domein. Tegelijkertijd is er een gerichte onderwijsvraag: is het logisch om vanuit ons groene DNA biomimicry-denken mee te nemen in ons onderwijs? Kun je biomimicry leren toepassen en kun je biomimicry toepassen in leren? (Hoe) kunnen we biomimicry toepassen in vmbo en mbo groen, in de lerarenopleiding meegeven aan toekomstige leraren, en opnemen in de professionalisering voor zittende docenten. Is het denkbaar dat het integraal onderdeel van de curricula in het (groene) hbo wordt gericht op het zoeken naar duurzame oplossingen voor vraagstukken in de beroepspraktijk? Zoals hierboven geschetst: genoeg praktijkvragen voor een lectoraat. Daarbij richt het zich echter niet alleen op het toepassen, maar nadrukkelijk op het wetenschappelijk onderbouwen van bio-inspired oplossingen en op het onderwijs.
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There is more to be learned from nature as a whole. In practice ‘nature’ is often used in teaching, training, consultancy and organisational development as a metaphor, as a source of inspiration or as an example for all kinds of processes, including leadership, cooperation, relationships and the development of organisations and society. Mainly ecological, and much less frequently biological, processes are generally involved here. The question has gradually arisen whether we can learn more from nature in the social environment than what we ‘see’ on the surface - which is often translated in metaphors. Seen more holistically, this is about the systemic side, the complexity, the context and the coherence. For example, can we demonstrate that applying fundamental ecological principles, such as cycles (learning, self-organising, selfregulating and self-sufficient capacity), succession, diversity and resilience, social and cooperative behaviour, interconnectedness and interdependency within an organisation leads to a sustainable organisation? Mauro Gallo is conducting research into the significance of technical innovation in and for the agricultural and food sector, and into the question whether biomimicry can in fact be backed up in such a way that it contributes to the social sciences domain. At the same time there is a clear teaching issue: Is it logical from the perspective of our green DNA to include biomimicry thinking in our teaching? Is it possible to learn to apply biomimicry, and can biomimicry be applied in teaching/learning? (How) can we apply biomimicry in green VMBO and MBO, pass it on to the teachers of the future in teacher training courses and include it in making current lecturers more professional? Is it conceivable that it could become an integral component of the curricula in green HBO?
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There is more to be learned from nature as a whole. In practice ‘nature’ is often used in teaching, training, consultancy and organisational development as a metaphor, as a source of inspiration or as an example for all kinds of processes, including leadership, cooperation, relationships and the development of organisations and society. Mainly ecological, and much less frequently biological, processes are generally involved here. The question has gradually arisen whether we can learn more from nature in the social environment than what we ‘see’ on the surface - which is often translated in metaphors. Seen more holistically, this is about the systemic side, the complexity, the context and the coherence. For example, can we demonstrate that applying fundamental ecological principles, such as cycles (learning, self-organising, selfregulating and self-sufficient capacity), succession, diversity and resilience, social and cooperative behaviour, interconnectedness and interdependency within an organisation leads to a sustainable organisation? Mauro Gallo is conducting research into the significance of technical innovation in and for the agricultural and food sector, and into the question whether biomimicry can in fact be backed up in such a way that it contributes to the social sciences domain. At the same time there is a clear teaching issue: Is it logical from the perspective of our green DNA to include biomimicry thinking in our teaching? Is it possible to learn to apply biomimicry, and can biomimicry be applied in teaching/learning? (How) can we apply biomimicry in green VMBO and MBO, pass it on to the teachers of the future in teacher training courses and include it in making current lecturers more professional? Is it conceivable that it could become an integral component of the curricula in green HBO?
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Biomimicry fascineert. En wel op een manier die totaal verschillend en veel sterker is dan andere gebieden van onderzoek en ontwikkeling. Dit komt ondermeer tot uiting in het aantal publicaties en artikelen in wetenschappelijke en semiwetenschappelijke uitgaven, die vrijwel altijd gepaard gaan met prachtige afbeeldingen. Ook neemt het aanbod van documentaires op televisie en radio met biomimicry als onderwerp toe. En last but not least: biomimicry blijkt een sterke aantrekkingskracht op (beginnende) studenten te hebben, daar waar technische opleidingen niet altijd even populair zijn. Ook in Nederland is er in toenemende mate interesse voor biomimicry oftewel voor innovatie geïnspireerd op de natuur. Op dit moment is er vooral veel interesse vanuit (product)ontwerp gerelateerde bedrijfstakken, onderwijsinstellingen, de architectuur en de bouwwereld. Maar er is ook een groeiende interesse waar te nemen vanuit de management en (bedrijfs-)economische hoek. Dit blijkt onder andere uit de groeiende stroom van artikelen en publicaties al dan niet voorzien van prachtige afbeeldingen van natuurlijke organismen. Deze uitgave geeft een beeld van wat biomimicry nou eigenlijk is en welke rol biomimicry kan vervullen bij productontwikkeling. Met behulp van veel voorbeelden uit de (ontwerp)praktijk laten we zien wat de mogelijkheden en toepassingen van biomimicry voor professionele productontwikkeling zijn. Dit is een uitgave van het Innovatief Materialen Platform Twente (IMPT). Het IMPT is een project dat mede mogelijk is gemaakt door de Provincie Overijssel en de Regio Twente. De partners zijn Saxion Kenniscentrum Design en Technologie (penvoerder), Industrial Design Centre, en biomimicryNL en er wordt intensief samengewerkt met het regionale bedrijfsleven. Het Innovatief Materialen Platform Twente (IMPT) verzamelt en distribueert kennis over nieuwe, innovatieve materialen en biedt de mogelijkheid om producten te ontwikkelen met die innovatieve materialen. De insteek is om de eigenschappen van een materiaal enerzijds, te verbinden met een vraag of toepassing uit de markt anderzijds. De ambitie is om ‘open minds’ bij bedrijven te bereiken door de kennis over de bruikbaarheid van de nieuwe (materiaal)mogelijkheden voor het MKB te vergroten. Dit moet leiden tot ontwerpcases waarin productontwerpers, materiaaldeskundigen en MKB-ers samenwerken aan innovaties. Het boekje ‘Biomimicry; biologie als ontwerp- en innovatietool’ heeft als doel om ontwerpers te inspireren biomimicry in het ontwerpproces in te zetten als innovatietool. Dit boekje laat heel goed zien hoe samenwerking kan leiden tot nieuwe inzichten in ontwerpprocessen. Het is geschreven onder verantwoordelijkheid van biomimicryNL onder meer gebruikmakend van de input en ervaringen opgedaan in het kader van het IMPT-project.
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Biomimicry is an emerging discipline that aims at finding more sustainable solutions to human challenges through nature’s emulation. Biomimicry is multi/interdisciplinary as it calls for the collaboration among diverse disciplines. Jargons, different perspectives and mindsets characterizing the various disciplines obstruct the knowledge sharing and the creation of new cultural forms during the bio-inspired design process. A methodology for the bio-inspired design, grounded on the theoryunderlying the boundary-crossing processes is proposed. The methodology will be tested in multidisciplinary class formed by universities of applied sciences students. The preliminary results will bediscussed and eventual refinements to the proposed methodology will be illustrated.
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Biomimicry is an emerging discipline that aims at finding more sustainable solutions to human challenges through nature’s emulation. Biomimicry is multi/interdisciplinary as it calls for the collaboration among diverse disciplines. Jargons, different perspectives and mindsets characterizing the various disciplines obstruct the knowledge sharing and the creation of new cultural forms during the bio-inspired design process. A methodology for the bio-inspired design, grounded on the theoryunderlying the boundary-crossing processes is proposed. The methodology will be tested in multidisciplinary class formed by universities of applied sciences students. The preliminary results will bediscussed and eventual refinements to the proposed methodology will be illustrated.
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Biomimicry education is grounded in a set of natural design principles common to every known lifeform on Earth. These Life’s Principles (LPs) (cc Biomimicry 3.8), provide guidelines for emulating sustainable strategies that are field-tested over nearly four billion years of evolution. This study evaluates an exercise for teaching LPs to interdisciplinary students at three universities, Arizona State University (ASU) in Phoenix, Arizona (USA), College of Charleston (CofC) in Charleston, South Carolina (USA) and The Hague University of Applied Sciences (THUAS) in The Hague (The Netherlands) during the spring 2021 semester. Students researched examples of both biological organisms and human designs exhibiting the LPs. We gauged the effectiveness of the exercise through a common rubric and a survey to discover ways to improve instruction and student understanding. Increased student success was found to be directly linked to introducing the LPs with illustrative examples, assigning an active search for examples as part of the exercise, and utilizing direct assessment feedback loops. Requiring students to highlight the specific terms of the LP sub-principles in each example is a suggested improvement to the instructions and rubric. An iterative, face-to-face, discussion-based teaching and learning approach helps overcome minor misunderstandings. Reiterating the LPs throughout the semester with opportunities for application will highlight the potential for incorporating LPs into students’ future sustainable design process. Stevens LL, Fehler M, Bidwell D, Singhal A, Baumeister D. Building from the Bottom Up: A Closer Look into the Teaching and Learning of Life’s Principles in Biomimicry Design Thinking Courses. Biomimetics. 2022; 7(1):25. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7010025
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Biomimicry is an emerging discipline that seeks nature’s advice and brings diverse stakeholders together to create designs that emulate the way nature functions, not just the way it looks. The field itself is a multidisciplinary endeavor, yet biomimicry educators frequently work alone. Pedagogical methods based on trial and error may waste precious time. In this study, a set of four biomimicry experts from diverse disciplines and different areas around the globe collaborated to compare pedagogy and analyze student work to illuminate best principles for teaching students to translate biology into design solutions, a key step in the biomimicry design process. A total of 313 assignments created by 179 different students were evaluated. The results showed that the inclusion of art in the learning of science, namely the hand drawing of the biological mechanism can lead to higher quality of abstracted design principles. Stevens, L., Bidwell, D., Fehler, M., Singhal, A. (2022). The Art and Science of Biomimicry—Abstracting Design Principles from Nature. In: Rezaei, N. (eds) Transdisciplinarity. Integrated Science, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi-org.ezproxy.hhs.nl/10.1007/978-3-030-94651-7_29
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