Blog geschreven door Floris Bogaard op de website van de Hanzehogeschool Groningen
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Effects of climate change in cities are evident and are expected to increase in the future, demanding adaptation. In order to share knowledge, raise awareness and build capacity on climate adaptation, “ClimateCafés” have been utilized since 2012 in over 50 global events. ClimateCafé is a field education concept involving different fields of science for capacity building in climate adaptation depending on the specific needs of stakeholders. This chapter describes the need, method and results of two ClimateCafés performed in North America in 2022. In North America, there was a clear demand for proof of the long-term efficiency of small-scale urban nature-based solutions (NbS), since the hydraulic capacity of rain gardens and swales is often questioned in low permeable soils and high groundwater tables. The main research question in the ClimateCafés is: Which variation of the (un)saturated infiltration capacity can be expected under conditions with low permeable soil and high groundwater tables (under sea level)? To answer this research question, participative monitoring of NbS has taken place on swales and rain gardens implemented in New Orleans (under sea level) and Vancouver (bed rock). The ClimateCafés aimed at generating context-specific data on nature-based solutions by using open-source tools and cost-effective data collection techniques. The results of the workshops show that relevant, multidisciplinary data can be gathered in a short period of time with limited resources. As example, over 500 individual NbS projects are mapped in both cities from which a selection is made for field research with several stakeholders. The method of the conducted research consisted of a full-scale testing method, measuring the long-term infiltration capacity of rain gardens and swales installed in the last two decades. The results show a high variation of empty times for rain gardens and swales (26–300 mm/h) with fast decreasing infiltration capacity after saturation of the soil (second test showed a decrease in the order of 35%). The ClimateCafés stimulated accelerated climate action and support for national and international knowledge exchange in adaptation solutions for a climate resilient future. Besides raising awareness and capacity building, the evaluation of the outcomes of the ClimateCafés Vancouver and New Orleans lead to practical guidelines and cost-effective interventions to optimize the performance of existing NbS and a strategy for implementing optimized NbS in the near future.
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Cities are becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change, and there is an urgent need to make them more resilient. This research involves the development of a climate adaptation tool to measure and map different parameters that provide insight into the vulnerability of urban areas. The Climatescan adaptation tool is applied all around the world in different urban neighborhoods with teams of stakeholders and practitioners.The web-based international knowledge exchange tool on urban resilience called www.climatescan.org is a citizen science tool created through ‘learning by doing’. Stakeholders demand tools that are interactive, open source, and provide more detailed information (location, free photo and film material). Climatescan is made with and for that target group and has grown into an interactive web-based map application for international knowledge exchange on ‘blue-green’ projects around the globe. The tool has proven to be successful with over 10,000 users and more than 3,000 international climate adaptation projects. The tool is used in several international workshops, city Climatescans, and serves the needs of different stakeholders.
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Cities are becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change, and there is an urgent need to make them more resilient. The Climatescan adaptation tool www.climatescan.nl is applied as an interactive tool for knowledge exchange and raising awareness on Nature-Bases Solutions (NBS) targeting young professionals in ClimateCafes. Climatescan is a citizen science tool created through ‘learning by doing’, which is interactive, open source, and provide more detailed information on Best Management Practices (BMPs) as: exact location, website links, free photo and film material. BMPs related to Innovations for Climatic Events (INXCES) as stormwater infiltration by swales, raingardens, water squares, green roofs subsurface infiltration are mapped and published on social media. Climatescan is in continuous development as more data is uploaded by over 250 people around the world, and improvements are made to respond to feedback from users. In an early stage of the international knowledge exchange tool Climatescan, the tool was evaluated by semi-structured interviews in theClimatescan community with the following result: stakeholders demand tools that are interactive, open source, and provide more detailed information (location, free photo and film material). In 2016 Climatescan (first stage of INXCES) was turned into an APP and within two years the tool had over10,000 users and more than 3,000 international projects. More than 60% of the users are younger than 34 and 51% of users are female, resulting in engagement with an important target group: young professionals. The tool is applied in Climatecafe.nl around the world (The Netherlands, Sweden, Philippines, Indonesia, South Africa) where in a short period of time stakeholders in triple helix context (academia, public and private sector) work on climate related challenges and exchange their knowledge in a café setting. Climatescan has also been used in other water challenges with young professionals such as the Hanseatic Water City Challenge and Wetskills. During the INXCES project over 1000 BMPs related to Innovations for Climatic Events (INXCES) are mapped inall partner countries (figure 1). The points of interest vary from just a location with a short description to a full uploaded project with location, description and summary, photos and videos, presentations, links to websites with more information and scientific papers and books (as Bryggen in Norway: https://www.climatescan.nl/projects/16/detail ).
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Er is het een en ander af te dingen op het gewicht van de autonome en stedennetwerken, gezien de reikwijdte en slagkracht van stedelijke netwerken en lokale overheden op het wereldtoneel nog beperkt zijn. In het navolgende zijn aan de hand van het voorbeeld van de "Europese Urban Agenda for the EU" drie punten uitgelicht waaruit naar voren komt dat steden nog (te) weinig in de melk te brokkelen hebben op het wereldtoneel. Samenwerkingsverbanden hebben alleen slagkracht als er goed informeel wordt onderhandeld en gemeenten op Europees en internationaal niveau belangrijke projecten geagendeerd krijgen – en daar vervolgens ook de financiële middelen voor zijn. Ook de studie naar de 100 Climate-Neutral and Smart Cities laat zien dat juist innoverend samenwerken op klimaatneutraliteit alleen kan als er een betere institutionele structuur is (lees: formele invloed), het financiële management op lokaal niveau op orde is (meer financiële expertise en budgetplanning) en meer externe support en technische expertise aanwezig zijn. Er is kortom nog een wereld te winnen.
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In the Netherlands, client and family participation in care for people with intellectual disabilities has been in vogue for a long time, and increasingly receives attention (KPMG and Vilans 2017). However, the perspective and experiential knowledge of service users and relatives is often still insuBiciently used for the co-creation of care. The professional perspective is often still dominant. In addition, professionals mainly focus on clients and less on relatives, even though relatives often play an important role in the client’s (quality of) life (Wiersma 2017). The project ‘Inclusive Collaboration in Disability Care’[1] (ICDC) focusses on enhancing equal communication between people with intellectual disabilities, their relatives, and professional caregivers, and hence contributes to redressing power imbalances in longterm care. It investigates the question: “How can the triangle of client, relative and professional caregiver together co-create better care and support?”.
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Short horror fiction. A found footage style newspaper story about a premonition of destruction.
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