Urban flooding and thermal stress have become key issues formany cities around the world. With the continuing effects of climatechange, these two issues will become more acute and will add to theserious problems already experienced in dense urban areas. Therefore, thesectors of public health and disaster management are in the need of toolsthat can assess the vulnerability to floods and thermal stress. The presentpaper deals with the combination of innovative tools to address thischallenge. Three cities in different climatic regions with various urbancontexts have been selected as the pilot areas to demonstrate these tools.These cities are Tainan (Taiwan), Ayutthaya (Thailand) and Groningen(Netherlands). For these cities, flood maps and heat stress maps weredeveloped and used for the comparison analysis. The flood maps producedindicate vulnerable low-lying areas, whereas thermal stress maps indicateopen, unshaded areas where high Physiological Equivalent Temperature(PET) values (thermal comfort) can be expected. The work to dateindicates the potential of combining two different kinds of maps to identifyand analyse the problem areas. These maps could be further improved andused by urban planners and other stakeholders to assess the resilience andwell-being of cities. The work presented shows that the combined analysisof such maps also has a strong potential to be used for the analysis of otherchallenges in urban dense areas such as air and water pollution, immobilityand noise disturbance.
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In this book of examples we present possible implementations of straightforward and manageable climate-resilient ideas and options for residential streets. Examples from ordinary Dutch street views show how climate resilience can be implemented with simple solutions and how this does not need to be more costly than traditional measures, particularly in flat areas (such as we often find in the Netherlands). This observation is based on comparative studies across various Dutch cities. We hope that the examples will inspire you to find ways to implementclimate-resilient measures in your city, because the climate is right up your street.
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Urban flooding and thermal stress have become key issues for many cities around the world. With the continuing effects of climate change, these two issues will become more acute and will add to the serious problems already experienced in dense urban areas. Therefore, the sectors of public health and disaster management are in the need of tools that can assess the vulnerability to floods and thermal stress. The present paper deals with the combination of innovative tools to address this challenge. Three cities in different climatic regions with various urban contexts have been selected as the pilot areas to demonstrate these tools. These cities are Tainan (Taiwan), Ayutthaya (Thailand) and Groningen (Netherlands). For these cities, flood maps and heat stress maps were developed and used for the comparison analysis. The flood maps produced indicate vulnerable low-lying areas, whereas thermal stress maps indicate open, unshaded areas where high Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) values (thermal comfort) can be expected. The work to date indicates the potential of combining two different kinds of maps to identify and analyse the problem areas. These maps could be further improved and used by urban planners and other stakeholders to assess the resilience and well-being of cities. The work presented shows that the combined analysis of such maps also has a strong potential to be used for the analysis of other challenges in urban dense areas such as air and water pollution, immobility and noise disturbance.
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The natural environment is dependent on water to provide society with many essential benefits or “ecosystemservices” (e.g. drinking water, biodiversity, food production, recreation, carbon sequestration). A number of EUdirectives aim to protect and improve the delivery of these services. However, successful implementation andintegration of the different directives at a local level is a major shared challenge in the North Sea Region.Understanding how this can be achieved is fundamental to delivering long-term sustainable ecosystem-basedmanagement strategies for the North Sea Region and the focus for the WaterCoG project.The project will demonstrate through the adoption of new participatory, ecosystem service based approachesthat implementation and integration of different water management frameworks can be achieved at the sametime as providing additional social, economic and environmental benefits not currently being realised.A strong transnational component will identify and incorporate common, transferable elements of differentapproaches into an up-scaling toolbox that will extend the impact of the project and build capacity for deliveringimproved sustainable management strategies for North Sea Region ecosystems.The projects’ output aims for a change in working practice that will improve the integration between top-downimplementation of European and national directives and bottom-up, participatory developed solutions forimproving the quality and sustainable management strategies of North Sea Region ecosystems.
Cities are becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change and there is an urgent need to become more resilient. This research involves the development of the City Climate Scan methodology to measure, map, scan and assess different parameters that provide insight into the vulnerability of urban areas and neighborhoods. The research involved the development of a set of measurement tools that can be applied in different urban neighborhoods in a low-cost low-tech approach with teams of stakeholders and practitioners. The City Climate Scan method was tested in different cities around the globe with groups of young professionals and stakeholders in rapid urban appraisals.For the Rotterdam City Climate Scan (September 2017), the following challenges were selected: risk of flooding, heat stress, water quality (micro-pollutants and plastic waste) and air quality. The Rotterdam climate scan is evaluated with their triple helix partners (public, private and academic partners). The conclusion is that the City Climate Scan approach helps policy makers and practitioners to gather valuable data for decision makers in a rapid appraisal at the neighborhood and city level. The results of the City Climate Scan methodprovides insights, creates awareness and brings together stakeholders. The most valuable deliverable is the concrete and tangible results. The participatory approach brings residents and practitioners together and provides insight into local problems, while at the same time the method facilitates the collection of valuable data about the robustness of neighborhoods. As a result of this positive evaluation, the City Climate Scan will be up scaled to a number of cities in Europe and Asia in the upcoming months.
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Although in 2019 the local government of Tegal city Indonesia had constructed a retention basin at drainage system of Siwatu, Tegal Barat, Tegal city with a catchment area of 226 ha, the areas around the system still experienced flood and inundation. This study belonged to a descriptive qualitative research aimed to evaluate the performances of Siwatu drainage system and Tegalsari retention basin. Data of the study included field data and technical data from institutions. Based on the 15-year rainfall data (2014 – 2018) from Pemali - Comal PSDA Office, Central Java Province, Indonesia, the statistical parameters of Cs: 0.0027, Ck: 1.904, Sd: 15.91, Cv: 0.144 were obtained and so Gumbel method distribution was applied in the study, the return period rainfall of 10 years was 138 mm, the flood discharge for Qr.10 years was 9.63 m3/sec., the addition of long storage was 8×2,50×500 m, and the combination of pump addition was of 1 m3/sec. with the long storage of 8×2.00×500 m. By implementing one of the alternative choices, either flood or inundation could be resolved.
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In het kader van klimaatsverandering is het van groot belang om inzicht te krijgen in de impact van intensievere buien, langdurige droogte en hitte dat grote effecten kan hebben op de economie en kwaliteit van de leefomgeving. Om deze reden hebben diverse projectpartners en Fries Bestuursakkoord WaterKeten (FBWK) met de doelgroep (water)wethouders en ambtenaren van de Friese gemeenten samengewerkt aan de volgende vragen in de Friese regio: - Hoeveel schade ondervindt de regio bij een flinke bui? - Waar bevinden zich hitte-eilanden in de gebouwde omgeving in Friesland? - Welke maatregelen kunnen we nemen om de negatieve effecten van klimaatverandering te voorkomen en welke middelen zijn hiervoor nodig? Dit project leverende de volgende producten op: Wateroverlastkaart (WOLK), hittestresskaart, kennisclips, expertkaart die werden besproken bij diverse masterclasses klimaatadaptatie. Met deze producten is inzicht verkregen in de toekomstopgave ten aanzien van het klimaatbestendig maken van de regio en in de mogelijke schade en benodigde middelen om dit te voorkomen.
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De enige oplossing is dat het bedrijfsleven de maatschappelijke verantwoordelijkheid op zich neemt en samen met het onderwijs de uitdaging aangaat om dit probleem op te lossen. Dat moet verder gaan dan af en toe eens een gastcollege verzorgen. Er is een substantiële bijdrage nodig in de ontwikkeling van lesmateriaal en het bieden van stages en projecten, zodat studenten kunnen leren in de praktijk van alledag. De bal ligt niet bij de overheid. De bal ligt niet in Europa. De bal ligt bij u. Ik daag u uit!
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