Introduction: The Netherlands has been known as one of the pioneers in the sharing economy. At the beginning of the 2010s, many local initiatives such as Peerby (borrow tools and other things from your neighbours), SnappCar (p2p car-sharing), and Thuisafgehaald (cook for your neighbours) launched that enabled consumers to share underused resources or provide services to each other. This was accompanied by a wide interest from the Dutch media, zooming in on the perceived social and environmental benefits of these platforms. Commercial platforms such as Uber, UberPop and Airbnb followed soon after. After their entrance to the market, the societal debate about the impact of these platforms also started to include the negative consequences. Early on, universities and national research and policy institutes took part in these discussions by providing definitions, frameworks, and analyses. In the last few years, the attention has shifted from the sharing economy to the much broader defined platform economy.
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This chapter discusses the sharing economy in the Netherlands, focussing on shared mobility and gig work platforms. The Netherlands has been known as one of the pioneers in the sharing economy. Local initiatives emerged at the beginning of the 2010s. International players such as Uber, UberPop, and Airbnb followed soon after. Initially, the sharing economy was greeted with a sense of optimism, as it was thought to contribute to social cohesion and sustainability. Over the last few years, the debate has shifted to the question of how public values can be safeguarded or stimulated. In this regard, shared mobility is hoped to contribute to more sustainable transport. In the gig economy, scholars and labour representatives fear a further flexibilisation of labour; others see opportunities for economic growth.
PurposeTo determine which factors are associated with physical inactivity in hospitalized adults of all ages.MethodsA cross-sectional sample of 114 adults admitted to a gastrointestinal surgery, internal medicine or cardiology hospital ward (median age 60, length of stay 13 days) were observed during one random day from 8 am to 8 pm using wireless accelerometers and behavioral mapping protocols. Factors (e.g., comorbidities, self-efficacy, independence in mobility, functional restraints) were collected from medical records, surveys, and observations.ResultsPatients were physically active for median(IQR) 26 (13–52.3) min and were observed to lie in bed for 67.3%, sit for 25.2%, stand for 2.5%, and walk for 5.0% of the time. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that physical inactivity was 159.87% (CI = 89.84; 255.73) higher in patients dependent in basic mobility, and 58.88% (CI = 10.08; 129.33) higher in patients with a urinary catheter (adjusted R2 = 0.52). The fit of our multivariable regression analysis did not improve after adding hospital ward to the analysis (p > 0.05).ConclusionsIndependence in mobility and urine catheter presence are two important factors associated with physical inactivity in hospitalized adults of all ages, and these associations do not differ between hospital wards. Routine assessments of both factors may therefore help to identify physically inactive patients throughout the hospital.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONHealthcare professionals should be aware that physical inactivity during hospital stay may result into functional decline.Regardless of which hospital ward patients are admitted to, once patients require assistance in basic mobility or have a urinary catheter they are at risk of physical inactivity during hospital stay.Implementing routine assessments on the independence of basic mobility and urine catheter presence may therefore assist healthcare professionals in identifying physically inactive patients before they experience functional decline.
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Overconsumptie kan worden verminderd door mensen de optie te geven spullen te huren in plaats van aanschaffen: de deeleconomie. Dit heeft milieuvoordelen en is sociaaleconomisch gunstig. De deeleconomie bestaat echter vooral uit kleinschalige initiatieven en het is onbekend wat nodig is om grootschalig toegepast te worden.
De laatste jaren is er veel veranderd in de bouwwereld, waarbij dit jaar twaalf bouwinnovaties een plaats innemen in de innovatie top 100 lijst van de KVK. Dit is een goede indicator dat er veel verandert en nog veel gaat veranderen in de bouwsector. Soilspect heeft dan ook een manier gevonden waarop de automatisatie van handmatige GPS-metingen mogelijk wordt. Voor de bouw van constructies welke zonder fundatie van heipalen worden vervaardigd is voorbereidend werk vereist. De grond waar deze constructies op gebouwd worden moet in zekere mate zijn ingeklonken om een dragende functie te kunnen garanderen. Dit proces wordt ook wel grondzetting genoemd. Wanneer grondzetting onvoldoende heeft plaats gevonden kunnen op termijn complicaties als scheuren in het wegdek ontstaan. De metingen welke bij grondzetting worden uitgevoerd worden op dit moment nog handmatig gedaan. Het uitvoeren van deze metingen is intensief en kost veel tijd. Wij van Soilspect hebben een manier gevonden waarop dit efficiënter kan. Door gebruik te maken van RTK-GPS zijn wij in staat de grondzettingsmetingen te automatiseren. Elke zakbaak zal worden uitgerust met een Soilspect meetstation, waarbij de meetgegevens vervolgens direct online worden verwerkt. De klant is op deze manier altijd in de gelegenheid de gegevens in te zien, waardoor projectvertraging geminimaliseerd wordt op dit vlak. Ook invoerfouten zullen niet meer aan de orde zijn met de meetsystemen van Soilspect. In dit projectvoorstel zullen bovenstaande aspecten uitgebreid beschreven worden en inzicht verschaffen over de rol van Soilspect binnen de innovatie van de bouwsector. Hierbij zal de nadruk liggen op de kansen welke het HBO take-off fonds voor Soilspect zou kunnen creëren.
