Objective To use a qualitative approach to examine the perceptions of policy makers, general dental practitioners, dental hygienists, dental students and dental hygiene students in the Netherlands following the introduction of a direct access policy in 2006. Methods Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were undertaken with a variety of policy makers and clinicians in the Netherlands. These were recorded and transcribed verbatim into MS Word documents. The transcripts were line numbered and subjected to thematic analysis to develop a coding frame using NVivo. Results Four main themes are reported, which represent a subset of a policy analysis of direct access in the Netherlands. These were entitled: ‘The narrative of implementation’, ‘Working models of direct access’, ‘Relationship between old- and new-style hygienists’ and ‘Public attitudes’. Conclusions Working relationships within integrated practices in the Netherlands are positive, but attitudes towards independent practice are mixed. Good examples of collaborative working across practices were observed, but relationships between the professional bodies remain difficult seven years on since the introduction of the policy.
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Objective: To use a qualitative approach to examine the perceptions of policy makers, general dental practitioners, dental hygienists, dental students and dental hygiene students in the Netherlands following the introduction of a direct access policy in 2006.Methods: Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were undertaken with a variety of policy makers and clinicians in the Netherlands. These were recorded and transcribed verbatim into MS Word documents. The transcripts were line numbered and subjected to thematic analysis to develop a coding frame using NVivo.Results: Four main themes are reported, which represent a subset of a policy analysis of direct access in the Netherlands. These were entitled: 'The narrative of implementation', 'Working models of direct access', 'Relationship between old- and new-style hygienists' and 'Public attitudes'.Conclusions: Working relationships within integrated practices in the Netherlands are positive, but attitudes towards independent practice are mixed. Good examples of collaborative working across practices were observed, but relationships between the professional bodies remain difficult seven years on since the introduction of the policy.
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Objectives: Direct access is a term that describes the ability of patients to seek healthcare from midlevel dental providers (MLDPs) without first seeing a dentist. Theobjective of this study was to synthesize the evidence for the effects and costs ofdirect access to MLDPs in a primary dental care environment and assess the attitudesof various stakeholders to this method of care delivery.Methods:The literature was examined for descriptive, observational, and experi-mental study designs to examine the evidence for direct access in dentistry. Elec-tronic searches were undertaken of the Database of Abstracts of Reviews ofEffectiveness, bibliographic subscription databases, open access databases, and thegray literature.Results:The search identified 371 records, although the extent of experimental evi-dence was limited. The majority of included studies were descriptive and recordedthe subjective views of different stakeholders, following the introduction of thepolicy.Conclusions:The limited extent of experimental evidence regarding direct access toMLDPs contrasts with their widespread use across Europe, the United States, andthe southern hemisphere. Suggestions are made for a research program to improvethe evidence base for direct access
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Begint de wetenschap zich eindelijk te ontworstelen aan de houdgreep van uitgevers? Publiceren in open-access-tijdschriften neemt immers flink toe. Tijdens het seminar Toegang tot de toekomst werd de balans opgemaakt van het Open Access Jaar 2009. "Verplichten helpt niet, verleiden wel", vindt NWO-directeur Jos Engelen.
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Interview met Daan Andriessen op ScienceGuide. Bijna 90% van de lectoren staat positief tegenover het vrij beschikbaar maken van hun onderzoeksresultaten, zo blijkt uit het rapport ‘Lectoren en hun publicaties’ van Daan Andriessen (Inholland). Ook antwoorden op vragen naar de rol van de impactfactor en de HBO Kennisbank noemt Andriessen ‘zeer opvallend’.
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This study investigates what pupils aged 10-12 can learn from working with robots, assuming that understanding robotics is a sign of technological literacy. We conducted cognitive and conceptual analysis to develop a frame of reference for determining pupils' understanding of robotics. Four perspectives were distinguished with increasing sophistication; psychological, technological, function, and controlled system. Using Lego Mindstorms NXT robots, as an example of a Direct Manipulation Environment, we developed and conducted a lesson plan to investigate pupils' reasoning patterns. There is ample evidence that pupils have little difficulty in understanding that robots are man-made technological and functional artifacts. Pupils' understanding of the controlled system concept, more specifically the complex sense-reason-act loop that is characteristic of robotics, can be fostered by means of problem solving tasks. The results are discussed with respect to pupils' developing technological literacy and the possibilities for teaching and learning in primary education.
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This report is the result of a research interest stemming from the case presented by the City of Budapest on the misalignment between EU funding opportunities and the interdependence of the national government. The main research question was “Which channels exist for a local or regional government to access EU funding directly, without the need for interference of the national government?”. Recent political developments in Hungary have led to an increasing amount of budgetary challenges for the City of Budapest. Besides domestic factors, the European Commission’s decision to suggest to withhold cohesion and RRF funds to Hungary raises the question of what different avenues of direct EU funding instruments might be at the city’s disposal. Therefore, the aim of this research is to provide recommendations on what avenues the City of Budapest might want to invest in in terms of advocacy activities on the EU level. We first conducted a desk research, mapping the current landscape of EU funding instruments under the direct management of the EU (the overview can be found in the appendix). Secondly, ten interviews were conducted in October and November 2022 with several multi-level stakeholders from the European Parliament, the European Commission, the umbrella organisation of cities in the European Union ‘Eurocities’, a Hungarian journalist and a regional representation in Central-Eastern Europe. Based on these conversations, we identified five main findings with corresponding recommendations for action.
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Dubbel-essay van de Vereniging Hogescholen : een essay van Carola Hageman met de titel 'Wie schrijft die blijft : open access publiceren van praktijkgericht onderzoek' en een essay van Daan Andriessen met de titel 'Werk aan de winkel : uitdagingen voor de volgende 15 jaar praktijkgericht onderzoek in het hbo'
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Research question: The current study investigates the income elasticities and socio-economic determinants of direct and indirect sports expenditure categories by means of a log normal hurdle regression. Research methods: The data stem from a representative sample of 3005 Flemish families with school-aged children, gathered through a sports-specific survey. A log normal hurdle regression was used to calculate the determining factors and expenditure elasticities of expenditure on sports participation. Results and findings: The results indicate that income, education and the age of the youngest child are positively related to almost all sports expenditure categories, while the number of family members and degree of urbanisation are significant for only a number of the expenditure categories. The elasticity value of the direct sports expenses is smaller than is the case for indirect sports expenditure. Between the expenditure categories large differences exist, as relatively large elasticities are found for sports holidays, transport and sports food and drinks, as opposed to low values of sports events, sports club membership, entrance fees for sports infrastructure, sports camps, clothing, footwear and equipment. Implications: The fact that income significantly influences all expenditure categories demonstrates that further policy intervention is required to make sports consumption more accessible to lower income groups. Sports enterprises and policymakers need to be aware that negative income shifts have a more profound impact on the indirect expenditure categories, and that certain sports activities (e.g. participation events) are relatively more favoured by low-income groups than is the case for sports club membership
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This paper addresses the extraterritorial dimension of transnational corporations, focusing on the corporate accountability-deficit that characterizes the current International legal framework. The analysis looks at parent companies’ civil liability for environmental harm caused abroad. By introducing a selected number of foreign direct liability cases brought before European national courts, the paper investigates whether the binding environmental and human rights reporting obligations contained in Directive 2014/95/EU contribute to the determination of a parent company’s duty of care towards its overseas subsidiaries, and consequently establish their potential liability.
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