Study selection: Randomized controlled trials published after 2007 with (former) healthcare patients ≥ 21 years of age were included if physical activity was measured objectively using a wearable monitor for both feedback and outcome assessment. The main goal of included studies was promoting physical activity. Any concurrent strategies were related only to promoting physical activity. Data extraction: Effect sizes were calculated using a fixed-effects model with standardized mean difference. Information on study characteristics and interventions strategies were extracted from study descriptions. Data synthesis: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria (total n = 1,902), and 2 studies were excluded from meta-analysis. The overall effect size was in favour of the intervention groups (0.34, 95% CI 0.23–0.44, p < 0.01). Study characteristics and intervention strategies varied widely. Conclusion: Healthcare interventions using feedback on objectively monitored physical activity have a moderately positive effect on levels of physical activity. Further research is needed to determine which strategies are most effective to promote physical activity in healthcare programmes. Lay Abstract Wearable technology is progressively applied in health care and rehabilitation to provide objective insight into physical activity levels. In addition, feedback on physical activity levels delivered by wearable monitors might be beneficial for optimizing their physical activity. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions using feedback on objectively measured physical activity in patient populations. Fourteen studies including 1902 patients were analyzed. Overall, the physical activity levels of the intervention groups receiving objective feedback on physical activity improved, compared to the control groups receiving no objective feedback. Mostly, a variety of other strategies were applied in the interventions next to wearable technology. Together with wearable technology, behavioral change strategies, such as goal-setting and action planning seem to be an important ingredient to promote physical activity in health care and rehabilitation. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/hanneke-braakhuis-b9277947/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/moniqueberger/
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In dit essay wordt gekeken naar de digitale wereld van jongeren, hoe jongeren daardoor veranderen en welke alternatieven voor de huidige school (of: alternatieve bronnen van leren) in de digitale wereld zijn te vinden. Aansluitend wordt aangegeven hoe gebruik kan worden gemaakt van werkvormen uit diezelfde digitale wereld om juist ook binnen ons onderwijs – of in het verlengde daarvan - leerlingen en studenten stevig uit te rusten met die competenties die van belang zijn voor de doorstroming naar de arbeidsmarkt. Hoe kan het onderwijs leerlingen en studenten zo goed mogelijk voorbereiden op verantwoord maatschappelijk functioneren? Maar ook: hoe wordt het mogelijk àlle docenten zo ver te krijgen stappen te zetten in de digitale wereld en innovatief leren samen met leerlingen uit te proberen? Het essay bevat mijn eigen mening hierover, gebaseerd op (onderzoek naar) de hedendaagse onderwijspraktijk. De hierna beschreven verandermogelijkheden voor onderwijs en leren zijn niet bedoeld om het traditioneler onderwijs in zijn geheel zo maar te vervangen. Het is nooit verstandig om nieuwe vormen van leren en onderwijs te grootschalig in te voeren, zeker niet als er nog onvoldoende kennis is over en ervaring met werkingen en bijwerkingen. Wél is het belangrijk dat overal de noodzakelijke, maar overzienbare stappen worden gezet in de aangegeven richting. Begeleidend onderzoek bij al die stappen (pilots) moet zich richten op de manier waarop leerlingen in nieuwe onderwijsvormen leren, wat ze daadwerkelijk opsteken en hoe ze dit waarderen. Maar natuurlijk ook op de veranderende rollen voor leraren, wat zij ervanvinden en moeten weten en kunnen voordat ze optimaal in dergelijke onderwijsvormen worden ingezet.
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Maintaining mental health can be quite challenging, especially when exposed to stressful situations. In many cases, mental health problems are recognized too late to effectively intervene and prevent adverse outcomes. Recent advances in the availability and reliability of wearable technologies offer opportunities for continuously monitoring mental states, which may be used to improve a person’s mental health. Previous studies attempting to detect and predict mental states with different modalities have shown only small to moderate effect sizes. This limited success may be due to the large variability between individuals regarding e.g., ways of coping with stress or behavioral patterns associated with positive or negative feelings. A study was set up for the detection of mental states based on longitudinal wearable and contextual sensing, targeted at investigating between-subjects variations in terms of predictors of mental states and variations in how predictors relate to mental states. At the end of March 2022, 16 PhD candidates from the Netherlands started to participate in the study. Over nine months, we collected data in terms of their daily mental states (valence and arousal), continuous physiological data (Oura ring) and smartphone data (AWARE framework including GPS and smartphone usage). From the raw data, we aggregated daily values for each participant in terms of sleep, physical activity, mental states, phone usage and GPS movement. First results (six months into the study at the time of writing) indicate that almost all participants show a large variability in ratings of daily mental states, which is a prerequisite for predictive modeling. Direction, strength and standard deviations of Spearman correlations between valence, arousal and the different variables suggest that several predictors of valence and arousal are more subject dependent than others. In future analyses, we will test and compare different versions of predictive modeling to highlight the potential of wearable technologies for mental state monitoring and the personalized prediction of the development of mental problems.
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