The tourism industry tries to strategically manage a customer’s experience by carefully designing, staging and managing the customer journey, in order to create a memorable experience. But what if that memory already has its onset during the experience itself? In this article, we introduce the concept of ‘anticipatory nostalgia’ and define it as a moment immediately after a peak moment in the experience, which entails the creation of a mental image of a future moment in time that is accompanied by an emotional response. We present a theoretical model to explicate a process in which anticipatory nostalgia can enhance the meaningfulness and memorability of an experience. We reason that anticipatory nostalgia is characterized by a joyous feeling yet followed by the elicitation of sad emotions. This implies that the tourist already begins to miss aspects of the experience before it is over. This moment results in a reflection which might replace the joy-sadness connection with a joy-calmness connection. Thereby, placing more emphasis on the uniqueness of the total experience. Potential methods for research are discussed in detail and address the explorative content analysis of autobiographical narratives and photo-elicited interviews, complemented by the use of virtual reality vignettes while measuring several physiological signals.
LINK
Children with Language Impairments (LI) have difficulties understanding and using language. Due to their language problems, LI children experience difficulties in communication in all aspects of life. They are at risk of behavioural problems, emotional and psychosocial difficulties, and they perform poorly in school. In the Dutch educational and therapeutic setting, the Dutch construct “communicatieve redzaamheid” (CR) is used to describe communication problems. CR can be loosely translated to English as communicative participation, competence or functioning. CR is used to describe the activity limitations and participation restrictions a LI child experiences. It determines whether a child is eligible for educational support. Also, the description of problems in CR is used to set treatment goals on the ICF component of participation. Consensus on what CR is and how it can be described is lacking. This hinders communication between professionals and parents about the child’s diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to reach consensus between professionals working with LI children and their parents about the construct and operationalization of CR, using a Delphi Study. This poster shows the first two steps of the conducted Delphi Study.
DOCUMENT
This research concerning the experience and future of zoos was carried out from 2011-2012 and takes regional ideas concerning Zoo Emmen as well as global visions into account. The research focuses partly on Zoo Emmen, its present attractions and visitors while also comparing and contrasting visions on the future in relationship to other international zoos in the world. In this way, remarkable experiences and ideas will be identified and in the light of them, it can serve as inspiration for stakeholders of zoos at large. The main research subject is a look at the future zoos in view of: The Zoo Experience – an international experience benchmark; The Zoo of the Future – a Scenario Planning approach towards the future; The virtual zoo - zoo’s in the internet domain.
DOCUMENT
Purpose: This paper aims to stimulate the discussion in the fields of hospitality, tourism and leisure on what exactly constitutes “an experience” and how to measure it; the authors unpack the experience construct into its core constituent elements, namely, emotions. Design/methodology/approach: The paper reviews insights from psychology and cognitive neuroscience that define experiences as a fine-grained temporal succession of emotions that occur during an experiential episode. Limitations of current methods for measuring experiences are discussed, after which biometric and neuroscientific methods are reviewed that are optimally geared toward measuring emotions, as they occur during an experience with fine temporal detail. Findings: An overview is presented of the available studies within the fields of hospitality, tourism and leisure that use these methodologies. These studies show that using these methodologies provides a fruitful methodological approach to measuring experiences in real time. Practical implications: Companies are constantly seeking to create memorable experiences for their customers. The proposed research methodologies allow companies to get a more fine-grained image of what impacts customers over the course of their experience and to actively integrate the use of emotions into creating experiences, as emotions are key to making them memorable. Originality/value: The paper sketches the contours of a rapidly emerging framework that unpacks memorable experiences into their constituent element – emotions. It is proposed that this will contribute to a deeper understanding of how consumers experience offerings in the hospitality, tourism and leisure industry.
LINK
Oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs) and cancer patients often have difficulties in navigating conversations about sexual changes and concerns due to cancer and its treatments. The present study draws on Discursive Psychology to analyze how the topic of sexuality is raised and managed in Dutch oncological consultations. Our corpus consists of 28 audio recordings. We analyzed the discursive practices used by cancer patients and oncology HCPs and to what effect. Patients, on the one hand, employ vagueness, pronouns, and ellipses, while HCPs attribute talk to others and use generalizations, and speech perturbations. Through these practices they collectively keep the topic of sexuality at a distance, thereby constructing it as a delicate topic. Moreover, we explicate the norms related to sexual behavior that cancer patients and oncology HCPs orient to in their talk. Finally, we address ways in which oncology HCPs can open the door on discussing sexual changes with their patients.
MULTIFILE
The concept of immersion has been widely used for the design and evaluation of user experiences. Augmented, virtual and mixed-reality environments have further sparked the discussion of immersive user experiences and underlying requirements. However, a clear definition and agreement on design criteria of immersive experiences remains debated, creating challenges to advancing our understanding of immersive experiences and how these can be designed. Based on a multidisciplinary Delphi approach, this study provides a uniform definition of immersive experiences and identifies key criteria for the design and staging thereof. Thematic analysis revealed five key themes – transition into/out of the environment, in-experience user control, environment design, user context relatedness, and user openness and motivation, that emphasise the coherency in the user-environment interaction in the immersive experience. The study proposes an immersive experience framework as a guideline for industry practitioners, outlining key design criteria for four distinct facilitators of immersive experiences–systems, spatial, empathic/social, and narrative/sequential immersion. Further research is proposed using the immersive experience framework to investigate the hierarchy of user senses to optimise experiences that blend physical and digital environments and to study triggered, desired and undesired effects on user attitude and behaviour.
MULTIFILE
Interprofessional Education (IPE) as a preparatory stage for Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is overlooked in some low-and middle-income countries, including Indonesia. One of the driving forces behind IPC is the development of Interprofessional Identity (IPI), which has yet to be assessed in the Indonesian context. Our study aims were translating and culturally adapting the Extended Professional Identity Scale (EPIS) and confirming its construct validity. We invited third-year students from three programs (medicine, nursing, and dietetics) without previous IPE experience to participate in the study. Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), we examined the construct validity, analyzed internal consistency, and conducted a Kruskal–Wallis test to identify variations across professions. Of 513 students approached, 335 participated (response rate 65.3%). The CFA showed factor loadings ranging between.59 and.86, while correlations among subscales varied from.55 to.86. All five goodness-of-fit indices were sufficient. The internal consistency of subscales interprofessional belonging, commitment, and beliefs was.82,.84 and.87, respectively, and.90 for the overall scale. Interprofessional belonging and commitment were different among various students (p-value =.009 and.004) and the dietetics students had lower scores than other students. The Indonesian EPIS (EPIS-RI) demonstrated reliability and construct validity.
DOCUMENT
Abstract: Experiences are becoming increasingly important in events and festivals, which are prime manifestations of the experience economy. However, research on event experiences has generally been concerned with economic impacts and visitor motivations [Gursoy, D., Kim, K., & Uysal, M. (2004). Perceived impacts of festivals and special events by organizers: An extension and validation. Tourism Management, 25(2), 171–181. doi:10.1016/s0261-5177(03)00092-x]. Few studies have attempted to operationalise and quantitatively analyse experiences, and there is no consensual definition regarding the essence of experiences [Walls, A. R., Okumus, F., Wang, Y., & Kwun, D. J.-W. (2011). An epistemological view of consumer experiences. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(1), 10–21. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2010.03.008]. This article develops an Event Experience Scale (EES) for event experiences. In this exploratory study the item generation and selection for this scale are presented in three phases: specifying the domain of construct and generation of items, item selection, and scale purification. An 18-item scale, comprising four dimensions – affective engagement, cognitive engagement, physical engagement, and experiencing newness – with satisfactory values for Cronbach's alphas (.83,.86,.86, and.87), emerged. Implications for theoretical and practical research are discussed.
LINK
Background: A paradigm shift in health care from illness to wellbeing requires new assessment technologies and intervention strategies. Self-monitoring tools based on the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) might provide a solution. They enable patients to monitor both vulnerability and resilience in daily life. Although ESM solutions are extensively used in research, a translation from science into daily clinical practice is needed. Objective: To investigate the redesign process of an existing platform for ESM data collection for detailed functional analysis and disease management used by psychological assistants to the general practitioner (PAGPs) in family medicine. Methods: The experience-sampling platform was reconceptualized according to the design thinking framework in three phases. PAGPs were closely involved in co-creation sessions. In the ‘understand’ phase, knowledge about end-users’ characteristics and current eHealth use was collected (nominal group technique – 2 sessions with N = 15). In the ‘explore’ phase, the key needs concerning the platform content and functionalities were evaluated and prioritized (empathy mapping – 1 session with N = 5, moderated user testing – 1 session with N = 4). In the ‘materialize’ phase, the adjusted version of the platform was tested in daily clinical practice (4 months with N = 4). The whole process was extensively logged, analyzed using content analysis, and discussed with an interprofessional project group. Results: In the ‘understand’ phase, PAGPs emphasized the variability in symptoms reported by patients. Therefore, moment-to-moment assessment of mood and behavior in a daily life context could be valuable. In the ‘explore’ phase, (motivational) functionalities, technological performance and instructions turned out to be important user requirements and could be improved. In the ‘materialize’ phase, PAGPs encountered barriers to implement the experience-sampling platform. They were insufficiently facilitated by the regional primary care group and general practitioners. Conclusion: The redesign process in co-creation yielded meaningful insights into the needs, desires and daily routines in family medicine. Severe barriers were encountered related to the use and uptake of the experience-sampling platform in settings where health care professionals lack the time, knowledge and skills. Future research should focus on the applicability of this platform in family medicine and incorporate patient experiences.
DOCUMENT
To evaluate the construct validity and the inter-rater reliability of the Dutch Activity Measure for Post- Acute Care “6-clicks” Basic Mobility short form measuring the patient’s mobility in Dutch hospital care. First, the “6-clicks” was translated by using a forward-backward translation protocol. Next, 64 patients were assessed by the physiotherapist to determine the validity while being admitted to the Internal Medicine wards of a university medical center. Six hypotheses were tested regarding the construct “mobility” which showed that: Better “6-clicks” scores were related to less restrictive pre-admission living situations (p¼0.011), less restrictive discharge locations (p¼0.001), more independence in activities of daily living (p¼0.001) and less physiotherapy visits (p<0.001). A correlation was found between the “6-clicks” and length of stay (r¼0.408, p¼0.001), but not between the “6-clicks” and age (r¼0.180, p¼0.528). To determine the inter-rater reliability, an additional 50 patients were assessed by pairs of physiotherapists who independently scored the patients. Intraclass Correlation Coefficients of 0.920 (95%CI: 0.828–0.964) were found. The Kappa Coefficients for the individual items ranged from 0.649 (walking stairs) to 0.841 (sit-to-stand). The Dutch “6-clicks” shows a good construct validity and moderate-toexcellent inter-rater reliability when used to assess the mobility of hospitalized patients.
DOCUMENT
