● Ambitieuze beleidsdoelen en diverse stimuleringsmaatregelen maken de vraag naar groen gas veel groter dan het aanbod is.● Zonder prijsdempende maatregelen en innovatie in de productie van groen gas zal de prijs van groen gas fors stijgen tot 2030.
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This article explores the applicability of smart grid concepts to the Dutch gas network by reflecting on the experience of the electricity sector.
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In order to gain a more mature share in the future energy supply, green gas supply chains face some interesting challenges. In this thesis green gas supply chains, based on codigestion of cow manure and maize, are considered. The produced biogas is upgraded to natural gas quality and injected into the existing distribution gas grid and thus replacing natural gas. Literature research showed that relatively much attention has been paid up to now to elements of such supply chains. Research into digestion technology, agricultural aspects of (energy) crops and logistics of biomass are examples of this. This knowledge is indispensable, but how this knowledge should be combined to help understand how future green gas systems may look like, remains a white spot in the current knowledge. This thesis is an effort to fill this gap. A practical but sound way of modeling green gassupply chains was developed, taking costs and sustainability criteria into account. The way such supply chains can deal with season dependent gas demand was also investigated. This research was further expanded into a geographical model to simulate several degrees of natural gas replacement by green gas. Finally, ways to optimize green gas supply chains in terms of energy efficiency and greenhouse gas reduction were explored.
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What will determine if power to gas will be an important technology in the energy transition over the next years? One can look at the development of a technology as a process that takes place in a technological innovation system (TIS). The TIS includes all actors and institutions that are involved in the development, diffusion and utilization of a technology. For a technology todevelop successfully the TIS should fulfil several functions. For power to gas technology several pilot projects are realized, studies are carried out and funds are available both for projects as for research. The functions called entrepreneurial activities, knowledge development, knowledge exchange and resource mobilization are all met. The function that faces the most problems iscalled market formation. There is not yet a regulatory framework for power to gas. Investors in power to gas also need to be rewarded for the benefits that they realize such as the avoided capital cost of extra infrastructure, the enabling of maximum utilization of renewable electricity and the increase in renewable content of the gas networks. Policy directed at market formation is therefor recommended.
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Problems of energy security, diversification of energy sources, and improvement of technologies (including alternatives) for obtaining motor fuels have become a priority of science and practice today. Many scientists devote their scientific research to the problems of obtaining effective brands of alternative (reformulated) motor fuels. Our scientific school also deals with the problems of the rational use of traditional and alternative motor fuels.This article focused on advances in motor fuel synthesis using natural, associated, or biogas. Different raw materials are used for GTL technology: biomass, natural and associated petroleum gases. Modern approaches to feed gas purification, development of Gas-to-Liquid-technology based on Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, and liquid hydrocarbon mixture reforming are considered.Biological gas is produced in the process of decomposition of waste (manure, straw, grain, sawdust waste), sludge, and organic household waste by cellulosic anaerobic organisms with the participation of methane fermentation bacteria. When 1 tonne of organic matter decomposes, 250 to 500–600 cubic meters of biogas is produced. Experts of the Bioenergy Association of Ukraine estimate the volume of its production at 7.8 billion cubic meters per year. This is 25% of the total consumption of natural gas in Ukraine. This is a significant raw material potential for obtaining liquid hydrocarbons for components of motor fuels.We believe that the potential for gas-to-liquid synthetic motor fuels is associated with shale and coalfield gases (e.g. mine methane), methane hydrate, and biogas from biomass and household waste gases.
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In Europe, green hydrogen and biogas/green gas are considered important renewable energy carriers, besides renewable electricity and heat. Still, incentives proceed slowly, and the feasibility of local green gas is questioned. A supply chain of decentralised green hydrogen production from locally generated electricity (PV or wind) and decentralised green gas production from locally collected biomass and biological power-to-methane technology was analysed and compared to a green hydrogen scenario. We developed a novel method for assessing local options. Meeting the heating demand of households was constrained by the current EU law (RED II) to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 80% relative to fossil (natural) gas. Levelised cost of energy (LCOE) analyses at 80% GHG emission savings indicate that locally produced green gas (LCOE = 24.0 €ct kWh−1) is more attractive for individual citizens than locally produced green hydrogen (LCOE = 43.5 €ct kWh−1). In case higher GHG emission savings are desired, both LCOEs go up. Data indicate an apparent mismatch between heat demand in winter and PV electricity generation in summer. Besides, at the current state of technology, local onshore wind turbines have less GHG emissions than PV panels. Wind turbines may therefore have advantages over PV fields despite the various concerns in society. Our study confirms that biomass availability in a dedicated region is a challenge.
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The living lab EnTranCe provides a platform for open innovations. Stakeholders from large industry, SME’s, government and the research community team up to work on the future of the European energy system, with gas in a pivotal role. An important element of the innovation strength of EnTranCe is that it also serves a number of MSc programmes. This brings you students in contact with relevant research and gives hands-on experience in solving the intricate problems that come with stronger interconnected and changing energy markets. is explained. Thus, the innovative projects taking shape at EnTranCe have a dual role in forming the students while at the same time leading to innovative applications of natural gas. In all, the developments at EnTranCe strongly support the case of natural gas as the bridging fuel in the European Energy Transition.
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Data-driven condition-based maintenance (CBM) and predictive maintenance (PdM) strategies have emerged over recent years and aim at minimizing the aviation maintenance costs and environmental impact by the diagnosis and prognosis of aircraft systems. As the use of data and relevant algorithms is essential to AI-based gas turbine diagnostics, there are different technical, operational, and regulatory challenges that need to be tackled in order for the aeronautical industry to be able to exploit their full potential. In this work, the machine learning (ML) method of the generalised additive model (GAM) is used in order to predict the evolution of an aero engine’s exhaust gas temperature (EGT). Three different continuous synthetic data sets developed by NASA are employed, known as New Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation (N-CMAPSS), with increasing complexity in engine deterioration. The results show that the GAM can be predict the evolution of the EGT with high accuracy when using several input features that resemble the types of physical sensors installed in aero gas turbines currently in operation. As the GAM offers good interpretability, this case study is used to discuss the different data attributes a data set needs to have in order to build trust and move towards certifiable models in the future.
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Terwijl we inmiddels bij elektriciteit en gas met centrale planning werken, wil de minister de benodigde investeringen in de waterstofinfra juist aan de markt overlaten. Martien Visser waarschuwt voor onbalans in het energiesysteem.
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Laten we in Nederland uitgaan van een energieverbruik van 3.500 PJ in 2050, stelt Martien Visser. Grotendeels in te vullen met eigen productie uit diverse bronnen, deels ook via import. “Mocht onze energiebehoefte rond 2050 toch lager zijn, dan kunnen we onze plannen altijd nog bijstellen of de overtollige energie aan onze ooster- en zuiderburen verkopen”, zegt hij.
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