Tot 1960 was de lokale journalistiek het belangrijkste venster op het regionale én wereldnieuws. Dat vertellen onderzoeker Chris van der Heijden, onderzoeker bij Journalismlab en Jan Maarten Pekelharing, journalist en auteur van een boek over lokale journalistiek in de podcast van Journalism Lab. Dat is het onderzoeksinstituut van de opleiding journalistiek van de Hogeschool Utrecht.
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In this paper, we explore the ways in which we can employ arts-based research methods to unpack and represent the diversity and complexity of journalistic experiences and (self) conceptualisations. We address the need to reconsider the ways in which we theorise and research the field of journalism. We thereby aim to complement the current methodologies, theories, and prisms through which we consider our object of study to depict more comprehensively the diversity of practices in the field. To gather stories about journalism creatively (and ultimately more inclusively and richly), we propose and present the use of arts-based research methods in journalism studies. By employing visual and narrative artistic forms as a research tool, we make room for the senses, emotion and imagination on the part of the respondents, researchers and audiences of the output. We draw on a specific collaboration with artists and journalists that resulted in a research event in which 32 journalists were invited to collaboratively recreate the “richness and complexity” of journalistic practices.
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In this article, the main question is whether and, if so, to what extent online journalism raises new moral issues and, if any, what kind of answers are preferable. Or do questions merely appear new, since they are really old ones in an electronic wrapping, old wine in new bottles? And how does journalism deal with the moral aspects of online journalism? The phenomenon of the Internet emerged in our society a few years ago. Since then, a large number of Dutch people have gone online, and the World Wide Web is now an integral part of our range of means of communication. Dutch journalism is online too, although certainly not in the lead. More and more journalists use the Internet as a source, especially for background information. Newspapers have their web sites, where the online version of the printed paper can be read. And that is it for the time being. There are no more far-reaching developments at present, certainly not on a large scale. Real online journalism is rather scarce in the Netherlands. The debate concerning the moral aspects of online journalism is mainly being conducted in the United States. First of all, by way of introduction, I will present an outline of online journalism. The first instance is the online version of the newspaper. Here, only to a certain degree new issues come up for discussion, since the reputation of reliability and accuracy of the papers, in spite of all criticism, also applies to their online versions. Besides, especially in the United States and increasingly in European countries as well, there is the so-called dotcom journalism, the e-zines, the online news sites without any relationship with printed newspapers. This may be the reason why these sites do not have a strong commitment to moral standards, at least as they have developed in the journalistic culture of the newspapers. After having outlined the moral issues arising in online journalism, the question will be addressed whether and, if so, to what extent it is meaningful and desirable to develop instruments of self-regulation for this new phenomenon of journalism.
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With the rise of innovation and entrepreneurship as avenues for journalists to take in their search for journalistic work, we need to critically interrogate how these terms are understood. Various journalism institutions are pushing a particular understanding of journalism, and of what constitutes meaningful and innovative journalism. In this paper, we review the literature on these themes and draw on experimental research done by one of the authors to argue for a more process-oriented approach to journalistic innovation and entrepreneurship. As a researcher-maker, one of the authors created an innovative journalistic project and tried to develop a business model for this project. She participated in an accelerator process organised by one of the main funds aimed at journalism innovation in the Netherlands. We show that one existing, and prevalent, understanding of innovation in journalism is one that is linear, rational and outcome-oriented. We challenge this understanding and draw on process-oriented theories of innovation to introduce the concepts of effectuation, improvisation and becoming as new lenses to reconsider these phenomena. These concepts provide clearer insight into the passionate and improvisational nature of doing innovative journalistic work.
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De Nederlandse samenleving is de laatste decennia ingrijpend veranderd. Geleidelijk ontstond wat we nu de multiculturele samenleving noemen. In die samenleving staan instituties als politiek, justitie en media onder kritiek. De journalistiek treft het verwijt onvoldoende in staat te zijn in te spelen op en rekening te houden met die sterk veranderende samenleving waarin groepen dreigen de aansluiting te verliezen en waar onbegrip voor culturele diversiteit toeneemt. Bovendien zijn er felle debatten over de vrijheid van meningsuiting. Achter die debatten gaan fundamentele vragen schuil: hoe verhouden zich de grondrechten vrijheid van meningsuiting en godsdienstvrijheid in een westerse democratische rechtsstaat? Zijn er grenzen aan de uitingsvrijheid? Zo ja, waar liggen die dan? Uit onderzoek blijkt dat etnische minderheidsgroepen zich steeds minder thuis voelen bij de nationale media. Ze voelen zich niet gerepresenteerd als gelijkwaardig burger en voelen zich negatief in beeld gebracht. Het antwoord 'meer kleur op redacties' is onvoldoende gebleken en bovendien moeilijk te verwezenlijken. Minstens zo belangrijk is het zoeken van antwoorden op vragen als: wat betekent het voor journalisten om te werken in een multiculturele samenleving, met alle spanningen van dien? Welke eisen stelt die samenleving aan de competenties waarover journalisten moeten beschikken? Behoort het tot de maatschappelijke verantwoordelijkheid van media en journalistiek om bij te dragen tot integratie en sociale cohesie?
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Waarop berust de vakethiek van de journalist, wat houdt ze zoal in en wie ziet toe op de naleving ervan?
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Verifying information is one of the core activities of journalism. However, recent research shows that many stories derive from unchecked information from news agencies and PR material. That being said, reporters who do not use this pre-packaged material, but who instead produce original stories based on independent research, might be journalists who stay devoted to the verification of information. Therefore, this study focuses on in-depth stories that originated inside the newsroom. We expected that these kinds of stories would be checked and double-checked, because time constraints are less important and these stories are characteristic of independent, quality journalism. Contrary to this expectation, the results show that even these kinds of stories are not always vetted. The lack of time was seldom mentioned as an excuse. Our research points to avoidance mechanisms which inhibit journalists from verifying their information.
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Self-regulation in the Netherlands: Journalists opening up to a more demanding public. In: The Trust factor report on self-regulation 2015
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Worden echte journalisten overbodig? Kunnen hun taken niet net zo goed vervuld worden door bloggers of lezers die usergenerated content aanleveren: tekst, filmpjes, fotos iedereen loopt immers met een volledig uitgeruste smartphone rond? We hebben toch 16 miljoen reporters volgens Skoeps (2008) en iedereen is toch journalist (Deuze, 2006)? Daarnaast maken media gebruik van wat onnozele gebruikers achterlaten op Facebook, Hyves of MySpace. Er is zoveel nieuws dat je alleen maar iemand nodig hebt om te knippen en te plakken: cut n paste journalism. Dat nieuws duikt overal op, Britney Spears en Paris Hilton vinden we net zo makkelijk bij nrc.nl als bij nu.nl, een website waar de journalisten alle vier zich uitsluitend bezighouden met het online zetten van nieuws van anderen: shovelware. De traditionele journalistieke poortwachter die op basis van strenge criteria selecteert, kan vervangen worden door de administratieve gatewatcher.
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Worden ‘echte’ journalisten overbodig? Kunnen hun taken niet net zo goed vervuld worden door bloggers of lezers die usergenerated content aanleveren: tekst, filmpjes, foto’s – iedereen loopt immers met een volledig uitgeruste smartphone rond? We hebben toch “16 miljoen reporters” volgens Skoeps (2008) en iedereen is toch journalist (Deuze, 2006)? Daarnaast maken media gebruik van wat onnozele gebruikers achterlaten op Facebook, Hyves of MySpace. Er is zoveel nieuws dat je alleen maar iemand nodig hebt om te knippen en te plakken: cut ’n’ paste journalism. Dat nieuws duikt overal op, Britney Spears en Paris Hilton vinden we net zo makkelijk bij nrc.nl als bij nu.nl, een website waar de journalisten – alle vier – zich uitsluitend bezighouden met het online zetten van nieuws van anderen: shovelware. De traditionele journalistieke poortwachter die op basis van strenge criteria selecteert, kan vervangen worden door de administratieve gatewatcher
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