Abstract Many innovations in education are not completed, even if they are well thought out in advance. One of the main causes is the organization's lack of learning ability, combined with a shortage of teachers' and students' ownership with respect to the renewal of ideas and design. In communities of learners, teachers and students collaborate and learn together in order to shape innovations in their daily practice. Their ability to learn collectively is a key factor in developing a learning organization. So far, insights into how processes of collective learning can be designed effectively, and which critical factors play a role, have been based on limited empirical research. This article's goal is to contribute to the development of these insights, using the results of a study based on 48 cases of collective learning in communities of learners in primary schools and teacher education institutes. The results suggest that although collective learning rarely takes place in most cases many outcomes are created that affect all community members. This leads to the conclusion that some participants create outcomes, not only on behalf of themselves, but also on behalf of others.
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Context When the pandemic hit the world, teachers were forced to change their education from onsite to virtual overnight Understandably, teaching quality decreased in the beginning, as there was little experience in how to adapt the educational design Zuyd University of Applied Sciences ( recognized the problem that teachers were on different didactic and pedagogical levels when it comes to online education Unfortunately, the pandemic made it hard for teachers to connect with each other In the Domain of Health and Welfare, this led to the idea of establishing a professional learning community A professional learning community ( can be seen as an informal group of people who share knowledge and experiences among each other on a common topic they are all highly interested in Zuyd’s vision “passion for development” sets a good basis for the start of such a community. Steps we took In order to find out how a professional learning community can look like in Zuyd, the following steps were taken Firstly, we collected and evaluated literature and best practices around the topic Based on our findings we developed an interview guideline and conducted interviews with eight teachers from the Domain of Health and Welfare Throughout the whole report a SWOT analysis was performed with the literature and best practices filling opportunities and threats and the interviews providing content for strengths and weaknesses Main findings From these sources, we derived enablers for a successful learning community, which led to recommendations for Zuyd on how to strategically position, implement and organize a PLC One of our major recommendations is to make didactic and pedagogical skills an important topic within Zuyd in order to strategically implement the learning community into Zuyd’s strategy Furthermore, we recommend giving the lead in organizing and facilitating the PLC to the blended learning task force To collect a diverse set of interested employees to the core group, the educational managers should personally approach teachers that might be interested The sense of urgency around the topic needs to be addressed regularly through the directors of the Domain, the task force of blended learning, as well as the PLC itself In this way, interest in the topic of didactic and pedagogical skills and blended learning can be enhanced In the report we go into greater detail on how to organize and apply these recommendations. We are convinced that implementing these steps will pay off in the future and will successfully enhance competencies on blended learning and didactic and pedagogical skills through knowledge exchange.
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Background to the problem Dutch society demonstrates a development which is apparent in many societies in the 21st century; it is becoming ethnically heterogeneous. This means that children who are secondlanguage speakers of Dutch are learning English, a core curriculum subject, through the medium of the Dutch language. Research questions What are the consequences of this for the individual learner and the class situation?Is a bi-lingual background a help or a hindrance when acquiring further language competences. Does the home situation facilitate or impede the learner? Additionally, how should the TEFL professional respond to this situation in terms of methodology, use of the Dutch language, subject matter and assessment? Method of approach A group of ethnic minority students at Fontys University of Professional Education was interviewed. The interviews were subjected to qualitative analysis. To ensure triangulation lecturers involved in teaching English at F.U.P.E. were asked to fill in a questionnaire on their teaching approach to Dutch second language English learners. Thier response was quantitatively and qualitatively analysed. Findings and conclusions The students encountered surprisingly few problems. Their bi-lingualism and home situation were not a constraint in their English language development. TEFL professionals should bear the heterogeneous classroom in mind when developing courses and lesson material. The introduction to English at primary school level and the assessment of DL2 learners require further research.
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In this chapter it is argued that self-direction is currently well above the head of the majority of youngsters and even of many adults. Evidence for this conclusion stems from developmental and brain research. However, for various reasons it is important that people develop the competences that are necessary for self-direction. To what degree is it possible to develop these competences? Are they 'learnable'? What can education contribute?
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Higher education is making increasing demands on students’ learner-agency and self-directed learning. What exactly are learner agency and self-directed learning? Why are they important? And what does it take? The aim of the five questions and answers on this poster is to support a common language and to be used as conversation starters when you want to discuss learner-agency and self-directed learning.
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Technologie in het onderwijs wordt mondjesmaat toegepast (zie bijvoorbeeld Schildkamp, Wopereis, KatDe Jong, Peet & Hoetjes, 2020). Alle onderwijsinstellingen hebben tegenwoordig weliswaar een digitale leeromgeving, doch een optimaal gebruik ervan is nog niet gerealiseerd. In veel situaties wordt de digitale leeromgeving voornamelijk gebruikt voor administratieve functies en voor de beschikbaarstelling van leermiddelen. De Coronapandemie heeft voor een ongekende exponentiële groei in het gebruik van technologie gezorgd. Eenvoudigweg omdat de gebruikelijke manieren van lesgeven onmogelijk werden. In een mum van tijd schakelden docenten over naar Teams, Zoom of andere vergelijkbare technologie, werden colleges opgenomen of gestreamd, webinars ontwikkeld, kennisclips gemaakt en online gezet en werd de leeromgeving verder doorontwikkeld om communicatie synchroon en asynchroon te verbeteren. Dat is een prestatie van formaat waardoor het onderwijs in tijden van de pandemie online door kon blijven gaan. Zo ontstonden er door een mix van fysiek en online onderwijs allerlei vormen van blended learning. Blended Learning is een populair concept waar echter zeer uiteenlopende betekenissen achter schuil gaan (Oliver & Trigwell, 2005). Een allesomvattende definitie die op ieders instemming kan rekenen, is een utopie maar de omschrijving van SURF (2020) wordt frequent gehanteerd: Blended learning is een mengvorm van face-to-face en online (ICT-gebaseerde) onderwijsactiviteiten, leermaterialen en tools. Beide soorten leeractiviteiten maken een substantieel onderdeel uit van het onderwijs; idealiter versterken ze elkaar. Het doel is onderwijs te ontwikkelen dat gebruik maakt van ICT om effectief, efficiënt en flexibel leren mogelijk te maken, met een stijging van het leerrendement en de student- en docenttevredenheid tot gevolg. Vanwege het Coronavirus zien we dat onderwijsactiviteiten die voorheen op locatie in een onderwijssetting plaatsvonden, nu voornamelijk online plaatsvinden waarbij studenten en docenten inloggen in Teams, Zoom, Bluejeans of een vergelijkbare omgeving. De inhoud van het onderwijs of manier van lesgeven verandert echter niet of nauwelijks. Dit is illustratief voor wat we verstaan onder blended learning in de vorm van substitutie. Er is dan sprake van een vervanging: Het klaslokaal wordt ingeruild voor Teams. Ook al is straks de coronapandemie voorbij, dan gaan we er van uit dat het onderwijs meer blended zal blijven dan voorheen, omdat we nu op grote schaal de mogelijkheden ervaren van technologische toepassingen en die willen we behouden en verder uitbouwen. Er is momentum om na te denken over hoe te komen tot een meer optimale blend, en dus niet in de fase van substitutie te blijven verkeren, hetgeen vraagt om een herontwerp van het onderwijs. Met dit essay willen we hier de aandacht op vestigen.
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Learning objects are bits of learning content. They may be reused 'as is' (simple reuse) or first be adapted to a learner's particular needs (flexible reuse). Reuse matters because it lowers the development costs of learning objects, flexible reuse matters because it allows one to address learners' needs in an affordable way. Flexible reuse is particularly important in the knowledge economy, where learners not only have very spefic demands but often also need to pay for their own further education. The technical problems to simple and flexible are rapidly being resolved in various learning technology standardisation bodies. This may suggest that a learning object economy, in which learning objects are freely exchanged, updated and adapted, is about to emerge. Such a belief, however, ignores the significant psychological, social and organizational barriers to reuse that still abound. An inventory of these problems is made and possible ways to overcome them are discussed.
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Lectorale rede
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This article describes musicians' lifelong and lifewide learning as it was investigated through biographical research. Key developments in the professional lives of 32 musicians were examined, focusing on critical incidents and educational interventions in their life, educational and career span. The main thread was the question of how these musicians learn. After analysis, three conceptual entities were established in the biographies, the first being musicians' artistic, generic and educational leadership; second, the interconnection between their varied learning styles; and third, their need for an adaptive and responsive learning environment within a reflexive and reflective institutional culture. Two biographical examples of musicians suffering from performance anxiety are described, focusing on their leadership, learning styles and subsequent transformative and transitional learning when developing coping strategies. The article concludes with directions for teaching and learning that can be extrapolated from the findings of biographical research.
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This article reports on a literature review on empirical research investigating learning for vocations in the context of vocational education. We included 36 studies in which learning for vocations is empirically studied. Learning for vocations is characterised based upon prevalent research traditions in the field and framed from the perspective of vocational education and organised learning practices. This framing and characterisation directed the search terms for the review. Results show empirical data on vocational learning and illustrate how learning processes for the functions of vocational education - vocational identity development, development of a vocational repertoire of actions, and vocational knowledge development - actually take place. The review further shows that, empirical illustrations of learning processes that occur in the context of vocational education and organised learning practices are relatively scarce. The findings can be typified in relation to our theoretical framework in terms of three learning processes, that is learning as a process of (a) belonging, becoming, and being, (b) recontextualization, and (c) negotiation of meaning and sense-making. We argue that more empirical research should be carried out, using the functions of vocational education and the three learning processes to better understand vocational learning.
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