Background: Although maternity care is linked to improved health outcomes, it is often insufficiently tailored to the needs of low socioeconomic position (SEP) majority population women in high-income countries, leading to obstacles in achieving good health. Cultural competence can contribute to access to adequate care, but no systematic assessment has been conducted. This study aims to examine current evidence about the aspects of cultural competence of maternity care professionals caring for low socioeconomic position (SEP) majority population women. Methods: A scoping review was conducted. Search terms were based on the PCC elements (Participants, Concepts, and Context). Data-extraction and analysis were performed by two researchers according to a predetermined procedure. Data were grouped in the main themes of the Seeleman-framework (2009) and subsequently inductively analyzed. Results: Out of 6954 articles, 35 were eligible for data analysis. To create an overview of available evidence quality assessment of the included studies was not performed. Health professionals express a lack of knowledge and skills to assess socio-economic vulnerabilities in women and to refer to other care options regarding socio-economic vulnerabilities. Although positive experiences with professionals were mentioned, many women experience negative attitudes in terms of a lack of respect and stigmatization issues. Professionals lack the skills to build good relationships with women. Both women and health professionals reported poor communication and collaboration with health care colleagues and with social services. Conclusions: The cultural competence of health professionals in maternity care needs improvement. Professionals should be equipped with sufficient knowledge to identify deprived women and their needs and be trained in skills to effectively communicate and build care relationships. Future research should focus on the reflections of health professionals on their professional role regarding low SEP majority population women. The conditions and maternity care systems health professionals work in to serve low SEP majority women should be studied more closely. Results call for a debate about the scope of professional practice and logistical care structures regarding maternity care for low SEP majority population women. Clinical trial number: Not applicable.
On-time departure performance is important for airlines that seek the highest satisfaction of their passengers. The main component of achieving on-time departure is being able to complete the turnaround operations of an aircraft within the scheduled time. To address this problem, the present paper examined planning and scheduling of turnaround operations in the low cost airline industry. A mathematical model, named 'TurnOper_LP' was developed for a low-cost Turkish airline to identify the critical path of turnaround operations and the optimal turnaround time. The results of the model in terms of optimised turnaround times are then analysed and an example of schedule of turnaround operations is presented.
In this report, the details of an investigation into the e ect of the low induction wind turbines on the Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCoE) in a 1GW o shore wind farm is outlined. The 10 MW INNWIND.EU conventional wind turbine and its low induction variant, the 10 MW AVATAR wind turbine, are considered in a variety of 10x10 layout configurations. The Annual Energy Production (AEP) and cost of electrical infrastructure were determined using two in-house ECN software tools, namely FarmFlow and EEFarm II. Combining this information with a generalised cost model, the LCoE from these layouts were determined. The optimum LCoE for the AVATAR wind farm was determined to be 92.15 e/MWh while for the INNWIND.EU wind farm it was 93.85 e/MWh. Although the low induction wind farm o ered a marginally lower LCoE, it should not be considered as definitive due to simple nature of the cost model used. The results do indicate that the AVATAR wind farms require less space to achieve this similar cost performace, with a higher optimal wind farm power density (WFPD) of 3.7 MW/km2 compared to 3 MW/km2 for the INNWIND.EU based wind farm.
