BACKGROUND: The care sector for persons with disabilities considers the physical environment relevant for the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. However, scientific evidence is limited. OBJECTIVE: To obtain evidence regarding comforting and encouraging environments and to develop an overview of studies addressing the effect of the physical environment on people with intellectual disabilities. METHODS: A scoping review, accompanied by expert panels and case findings combining scientific evidence and knowledge from practice, was performed to investigate the interaction between challenging behaviour and the physical environment. Between January and March 2020, several scientific databases were searched in the English, Dutch, and German language for relevant studies. Social media, care professionals, and experts in building physics were consulted. RESULTS: Studies on building-related factors as passive interventions and care- or therapy-related interventions could be distinguished. The majority of the studies report on building-related factors such as sound, acoustics, light, and colours and their influence on behaviour. Specific guidelines are lacking on how to adjust the indoor environment to an environment that is safe, comforting and encouraging for people displaying challenging behaviour. Proposed solutions are case-based. CONCLUSION: In future studies individual cases could be studied in a more in-depth manner, aligned and categorised to the building-related factors and to the expressions of challenging behaviour.
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Voor de ondersteuning van personen met eenvisuele en (zeer) ernstige verstandelijke beperking(VEVB) is specifieke expertise nodig, welkeovergedragen kan worden door cursussen of directesamenwerking in dagelijkse werksituaties.Dit onderzoek heeft in kaart gebracht wat kenmerkenvan expertise zijn in de ondersteuningvan personen met VEVB, gericht op benaderingen inrichting van de fysieke omgeving, en inhoeverre professionals deze expertise explicietkunnen benoemen. 25 Kenmerken van expertisezijn bepaald door cursuscompetenties aan tevullen met bevindingen uit de literatuur en interviewsmet acht begeleiders. Het merendeel vande expertisekenmerken op het gebied van benaderingen fysieke omgeving wordt genoemddoor vijf of minder professionals. Drie van de 25kenmerken worden niet benoemd. Het explicietbenoemen van de specifieke expertise blijkt lastig.Met de bevindingen en aanbevelingen vandit onderzoek kunnen praktijk en onderzoek verbeteringenaanbrengen aan bewustwording enimplementatie van expertise waardoor de kwaliteitvan ondersteuning kan verbeteren.
Visual research has historically been productive in foregrounding marginalised voices through photovoice as alternative to the written and oral forms of participation that dominate public participation. Photovoice projects have however been slow to leverage digital and spatial technologies for reworking the method in ways that enable geospatial analysis and collect structured metadata that can be used in workshops to bring different groups together around unpacking urban problems. The Urban Belonging project contributes to this by testing a new application, UB App, in an empirical study of how participants from seven marginalised communities in Copenhagen experience the city, including ethnic minorities, deaf, homeless, physically disabled, mentally vulnerable, LGBTQ+, and expats in Denmark. From a dataset of 1459 geolocated photos, co-interpreted by participants, the project first unpacks community-specific patterns in how the city creates experiences of belonging for different groups. Second, it examines how participants experience places differently, producing multilayered representations of conflicting viewpoints on belonging. The project hereby brings GIS and digital methods capabilities into photovoice and opens new epistemological flexibilities in the method, making it possible to move between; qualitative and quantitative analysis; bottom-up and top-down lenses on data; and demographic and post-demographic ways or organising participation.
