In de algemene perceptie hoort onderzoek thuis bij universiteiten en bedrijfslaboratoria. Ook in de huidige Wet op het Hoger onderwijs en het Wetenschappelijk onderzoek (WHW) wordt geen primaire onderzoekstaak bij het HBO gelegd. Artikel 1.3. zegt "Hogescholen hebben het verzorgen van hoger beroepsonderwijs tot taak. Zij kunnen onderzoek verrichten voorzover dit verband houdt met het onderwijs aan de instelling." Zo ontstaat een beeld van HBO als 'lesfabriek'. Dergelijke beelden doen evenwel geen recht aan de feitelijke werkelijkheid, noch aan de doelstellingen die binnen het HBO en het onderwijsbeleid leven. In dit artikel willen we daarom de kloof dichten tussen beelden, realiteit en aspiraties. Daartoe wordt eerst de recente relevante beleidscontext geschetst, waarna de meest gangbare mythes tegen het licht gehouden worden.
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Even though more than seventy-five years have passed since the end of WWII, its prominence in entertainment media productions along with the global emergence of memorial markers have contributed to its omnipresence in people’s minds. Nevertheless, the perception of this historical event is still far from reaching consensus as nations tend to interpret and remember episodes in accordance with their perspective, thus adding up to the complexity of WWII and of Holocaust memories. With this in mind, this article describes the idiosyncrasies of Portugal’s recent tribute and remembrance strategies for the victims of WWII. The country’s neutral status, along with a set of cultural and historical specifics, has led to the dissemination of tropes leading to the idea of Portugal as an inherently tolerant and mild-mannered nation. A perception that is often fostered by resorting to monuments, museums, tourism and leisure activities. Despite evidence provided, mostly, by recent academic studies and documentary films, these tropes continue to fuel Portuguese popular imagination and are still prevalent in some recently established WWII memory places.
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What options are open for peoplecitizens, politicians, and other nonscientiststo become actively involved in and anticipate new directions in the life sciences? In addressing this question, this article focuses on the start of the Human Genome Project (1985-1990). By contrasting various models of democracy (liberal, republican, deliberative), I examine the democratic potential the models provide for citizens' involvement in setting priorities and funding patterns related to big science projects. To enhance the democratizing of big science projects and give citizens opportunities to reflect, anticipate, and negotiate on newdirections in science and technology at a global level, liberal democracy with its national scope and representative structure does not suffice. Although republican (communicative) and deliberative (associative) democracy models meet the need for greater citizen involvement, the ways to achieve the ideal at a global level still remain to be developed.
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