Background:Victimization among children is associated with adverse effects on their physical and psychological health. Many health complaints follow as a result of bullying and anxiety and depression also precede bullying. The Dutch school-wide antibullying program ‘Prima’ was developed based on techniques and scientific insights that are known to be effective. In this randomized trial we investigate the effects of school-wide antibullying program on bullying behavior and self-esteem and depression.Methods:A total of 4,229 students of grade 3 to 6 of 31 primary schoolsparticipated in this study. The schools were randomly assigned to three conditions. Condition A was offered a teachertraining, an online screening tool for bullying behavior, and a set of practice- and evidence-based guidelines to deal with difficult bullying situations. Condition B included all of condition A plus a series of eight lessons for the students. Condition C was the control group. A questionnaire was filled out by the students before and after the intervention.Results:Results from the pretest showed that 16% of the students was bullied regularly. There was a significant difference between bullied and non-bullied children in their reported mental health. Bullied students indicated much more depressive symptoms compared to non-bullied students (3,67 vs 1,67, p= .000). Bullied children also indicated lower self-esteem (16,74 vs 19,84, p = .000). The effects of the intervention program are currently analyzed and will be presented at the conference in the fall of 2018.Conclusions:Bullying is strongly related to mental health issues among children. To address mental health issues among youth, schools should focus on evidence-based anti-bullying programs as a vital part of a wider school policy.Key messages:-Bullying has a strong impact on the wellbeing and mental health of children.-School programs focused on preventing bullying can therefore reduce health complaints among children.
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This study investigates the effectiveness of the PRIMA antibullying program for elementary education using a cluster-randomized trial with two experimental conditions (with and without student lessons) and a control group. Students of 31 schools participated in the study (N = 3,135; Mage = 10 years). Multilevel regression analyses demonstrated positive effects of the program on peer-reported victimization and reinforcing behavior. Implementing multiple program components was related to stronger program effects. The results provide partial experimental evidence for the beneficial effects of combining student lessons and teacher training in antibullying programs. Future experimental research is needed to investigate other approaches that reduce not only peer-reported victimization, but also self-perceived bullying and victimization.
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Integrating physical therapy sessions and an online application (e-Exercise) might support people with hip osteoarthritis (OA), knee OA, or both (hip/knee OA) in taking an active role in the management of their chronic condition and may reduce the number of physical therapy sessions. The objective of this study was to investigate the short- and long-term effectiveness of e-Exercise compared to usual physical therapy in people with hip/knee OA. The design was a prospective, single-blind, multicenter, superiority, cluster-randomized controlled trial. e-Exercise is a 3-month intervention in which about 5 face-to-face physical therapy sessions were integrated with an online application consisting of graded activity, exercise, and information modules. Usual physical therapy was conducted according to the Dutch physical therapy guidelines on hip and knee OA. Primary outcomes, measured at baseline after 3 and 12 months, were physical functioning and free-living physical activity. Secondary outcome measures were pain, tiredness, quality of life, self-efficacy, and the number of physical therapy sessions.
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In recent years, numerous environmental psychology studies have demonstrated that contact with nature as opposed to urban settings can improve an individual’s mood, can lead to increased levels of vitality, and can offer an opportunity to recover from stress. According to Attention Restoration Theory (ART) the restorative potential of natural environments is situated in the fact that nature can replenish depleted attentional resources. This replenishment takes place, in part, because nature is deemed to be a source of fascination, with fascination being described as having an ‘‘attentional’’, an‘‘affective’’ and an ‘‘effort’’ dimension. However, the claim that fascination with nature involves these three dimensions is to a large extent based on intuition or derived from introspection-based measurement methods, such as self-reports. In three studies, we aimed to more objectively assess whether these three dimensions indeed applied to experiences related to natural environments, before any (attentional) depletion has taken place. The instruments that were used were: (a) the affect misattribution procedure (Study 1), (b) the dot probe paradigm (Study 2) and (c) a cognitively effortful task (Study 3).These instrument were respectively aimed at verifying the affective, attentional and effort dimension of fascination. Overall, the results provide objective evidence for the claims made within the ART framework, that natural as opposed to urban settings are affectively positive (cfr., affective dimension) and that people have an attentional bias to natural (rather than urban) environments (cfr., attentional dimension). The results regarding the effort dimension are less straightforward, and suggest that this dimension only becomes important in sufficiently difficult cognitive tasks.
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The main hypothesis underlying this article is that although arbitrators are not formally part of national justice systems, they have dealt with questions of EU fundamental rights and the European rule of law standards for quite some time, at least formally since the landmark CJEU judgment in Eco Swiss in 1999. In fact, in all forms of arbitration, be it national or international, taking place in or across (Member) States daily and not necessarily concerning the application by arbitrators of EU law stricto sensu, arbitrators can be seen as guardians of many crucial procedural guarantees that increase parties’ access to justice and advance the European rule of law, or so we wish to argue. This article is an exploratory piece. That is, it combines the format of the state-of-the-art review with the format of conference proceedings through which we present the main activities of the DG Justice TRIIAL project concerning arbitration. Our main goal is three-fold: (1) to advance the discussion on the relationship between the European rule of law and arbitration, (2) to present the main findings stemming from research and training activities within the TRIIAL training workshops on arbitration, and (3) to formulate future research and practical questions on the topic at hand.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic taught us how to rethink care delivery. It catalyzed creative solutions to amplify the potential of personnel and facilities. This paper presents and evaluates a promptly introduced triaging solution that evolved into a tool to tackle the ever-growing waiting lists at an academic ophthalmology department, the TeleTriageTeam (TTT). A team of undergraduate optometry students, tutor optometrists, and ophthalmologists collaborate to maintain continuity of eye care. In this ongoing project, we combine innovative interprofessional task allocation, teaching, and remote care delivery. Objective: In this paper, we described a novel approach, the TTT; reported its clinical effectiveness and impact on waiting lists; and discussed its transformation to a sustainable method for delivering remote eye care. Methods: Real-world clinical data of all patients assessed by the TTT between April 16, 2020, and December 31, 2021, are covered in this paper. Business data on waiting lists and patient portal access were collected from the capacity management team and IT department of our hospital. Interim analyses were performed at different time points during the project, and this study presents a synthesis of these analyses. Results: A total of 3658 cases were assessed by the TTT. For approximately half (1789/3658, 48.91%) of the assessed cases, an alternative to a conventional face-to-face consultation was found. The waiting lists that had built up during the first months of the pandemic diminished and have been stable since the end of 2020, even during periods of imposed lockdown restrictions and reduced capacity. Patient portal access decreased with age, and patients who were invited to perform a remote, web-based eye test at home were on average younger than patients who were not invited. Conclusions: Our promptly introduced approach to remotely review cases and prioritize urgency has been successful in maintaining continuity of care and education throughout the pandemic and has evolved into a telemedicine service that is of great interest for future purposes, especially in the routine follow-up of patients with chronic diseases. TTT appears to be a potentially preferred practice in other clinics and medical specialties. The paradox is that judicious clinical decision-making based on remotely collected data is possible, only if we as caregivers are willing to change our routines and cognitions regarding face-to-face care delivery.
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Er wordt dezer dagen in de Nederlandse sociale sector veel geïnvesteerd in evidence based practice. Brede welzijnsorganisaties worden er in hun onderhandelingen met gemeenten op aangesproken, en wat niet 'evidence based' is vormt een makkelijke prooi voor bezuinigingen. Landelijke organisaties zoals NJi en MOVISIE werken hard aan het bouwen en vullen van vrij toegankelijke digitale databanken met daarin actuele informatie over welke effectonderzoeken beschikbaar zijn voor een hele reeks sociale interventies. Krachtig materiaal dat de modernisering van sociaal werk vooruit kan helpen, maar tegelijk leidend aan de eerder genoemde vorm van bijziendheid. Een volwaardig perspectief op beroepsinnovatie in de sociale sector kan zich niet beperken tot een normatief uitgangspunt, tot verkondigen wat zou moeten zijn. Dat volwaardig perspectief bereiken we pas als we kijken naar wat is, naar de diverse factoren die de dynamiek van beroepsinnovatie beïnvloeden, ook als ze minder verheffend zijn (bijvoorbeeld de invloed van platte commercie, of macht en populisme). We doen daarom een oproep om open biografieën van sociale interventies te ontwikkelen, om vanuit een sociologisch perspectief te beschrijven hoe allerlei sociale interventies een plek verwerven in het dagelijks leven van sociaal werk.
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Een robot bouwen: hoe begin je daarmee? Bij U-Talent hebben we een module ontwikkeld waarin leerlingen leren werken met Arduino. We wilden de leerlingen enthousiasmeren voor de maakbaarheid van de technologie om ons heen en ze leren om hiermee zelfstandig aan de slag te gaan. In dit artikel doen we hiervan verslag in de hoop geïnspireerde collega’s handvatten te bieden om ook te gaan experimenteren.
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Er is in ons land een toenemende vraag naar ouderenhuisvesting, maar het proces van initiatief tot oplevering gaat niet zonder slag of stoot. Het blijkt lastig om in het gereguleerde Nederlandse woonzorglandschap een initiatief te starten dat niet in de bestaande hokjes past. Hoe gaan ‘rebelse’ initiatiefnemers om met de bestaande wet-en regelgeving?
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Full text beschikbaar met HU-account Achtergrond Multimorbiditeit, functionele beperkingen en kwetsbaarheid bij thuiswonende ouderen leiden tot een toenemende zorgcomplexiteit in de eerstelijn. Een proactieve, integrale aanpak is hierbij noodzakelijk. In de periode oktober 2014–oktober 2015 is een evidence-based proactief zorgprogramma voor kwetsbare ouderen geïmplementeerd in de regio Noord-West Veluwe en Zeewolde. In deze studie is de haalbaarheid van de implementatie geëvalueerd. De focus lag op de verbinding en samenwerking tussen het medische en sociale domein. Methoden Met een mixed-methods design zijn verschillende procesindicatoren geanalyseerd. Data waren afkomstig van routine zorggegevens uit de huisartsenpraktijk, vragenlijsten en interviews met ouderen. De vragenlijsten gaven inzicht in verwachtingen en ervaringen ten aanzien van het programma en waren op baseline en na zes maanden follow-up afgenomen bij huisartsen, praktijkondersteuners ouderenzorg (POH’s-OZ) en na 12 maanden bij andere professionals uit verschillende domeinen (stakeholders). Interviews met ouderen en hun mantelzorgers brachten de ervaringen in kaart. Regionale werkgroepen waren opgezet waarin verschillende professionals participeerden om de verbinding tussen de domeinen te realiseren. Resultaten Het proactieve zorgprogramma is geïmplementeerd in 42 huisartsenpraktijken die zorg verlenen aan 7904 75-plussers. In totaal vulden 101 zorgverleners en 44 stakeholders de vragenlijst in. Voorafgaand aan de implementatie bleek zowel bij zorgverleners als bij de stakeholders behoefte aan meer structuur, samenwerking en coördinatie in de zorgverlening aan kwetsbare ouderen. De implementatie van het proactieve zorgprogramma verbeterde significant de structuur in de organisatie van zorg en transparantie over verwijsmogelijkheden met respectievelijk 34 % (p ≤ .001) en 27 % (p = .009). Zowel zorgverleners als stakeholders gaven na afloop van de implementatie aan kwetsbare ouderen beter in beeld te hebben dan voor de implementatie (p = .005). Ongeveer de helft van de deelnemers vond na afloop dat de regionale afstemming is verbeterd. Kwetsbare ouderen en hun mantelzorgers waren tevreden met de insteek, opzet en uitvoering van de nieuwe proactieve zorg. De POH’s-OZ gaven aan dat de screeningsvragenlijst te lang was en veel tijd kostte. Ook is niet voor alle ouderen die kwetsbaar waren een zorgplan opgesteld. Conclusie De implementatie van het proactieve zorgprogramma bleek haalbaar. Een sterke verbinding en domein overstijgende samenwerking is gerealiseerd. Het programma kon eenvoudig aangepast worden aan de actualiteit en de lokale context.
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