Mate value is an important concept in mate choice research although its operationalization and understanding are limited. Here, we reviewed and evaluated previously established conceptual and methodological approaches measuring mate value and presented original research using individual differences in how people view themselves as a face-valid proxy for mate value in long- and short-term contexts. In data from 41 nations (N = 3895, M age = 24.71, 63% women, 47% single), we tested sex, age, and relationship status effects on self-perceived mate desirability, along with individual differences in the Dark Triad traits, life history strategies, peer-based comparison of desirability, and self-reported mating success. Both sexes indicated more short-term than long-term mate desirability; however, men reported more long-term mate desirability than women, whereas women reported more short-term mate desirability than men. Further, individuals who were in a committed relationship felt more desirable than those who were not. Concerning the cross-sectional stability of mate desirability across the lifespan, in men, short- and long-term desirability rose to the age of 40 and 50, respectively, and decreased afterward. In women, short-term desirability rose to the age of 38 and decreased afterward, whereas long-term desirability remained stable over time. Our results suggest that measuring long- and short-term self-perceived mate desirability reveals predictable correlates.
MULTIFILE
ACHTERGROND : Problematisch middelengebruik is een belangrijke risicofactor voorcriminaliteit en geweld.Dit is echter vooral bij mannen onderzocht en meer kennis over vrouwen is gewenst. DOEL: Beschrijven van mogelijke genderverschillen in problematisch middelengebruik en de relatie tot delictgedrag bij forensisch psychiatrische patiënten. METHODE: Dossiers van 275 vrouwen en 275 mannen die in 1984-2014 opgenomen zijn (geweest) in één van vier forensisch psychiatrische instellingen werden gecodeerd en gerelateerd aan geweldsincidenten tijdens behandeling en recidive na ontslag (bij 78 vrouwen). RESULTATEN: Hoewel problematisch middelenmisbruik bij vrouwen prevalent was (57%), kwam het bij mannen significant vaker voor (68%). Mannen hadden vaker de dsm-iv-classificatie middelenafhankelijkheid en hadden vaker het indexdelict gepleegd terwijl ze onder invloed waren. Middelengebruik had bij hen een betere voorspellende waarde voor geweldsincidenten tijdens behandeling. Zowel vrouwen als mannen met problematisch middelengebruik hadden beduidend meer historische risicofactoren dan degenen zonder middelenmisbruik. Een geschiedenis van problemen met middelengebruik was geen significante voorspeller voor recidive na ontslag bij vrouwen. CONCLUSIE: Er bestaan genderverschillen wat betreft problematisch middelengebruik, waarbij de relatie met delictgedrag voor mannen sterker is. De gevonden genderverschillen hebben implicaties voor (verslavings-) behandeling in forensische zorginstellingen.
There is emerging evidence that the performance of risk assessment instruments is weaker when used for clinical decision‐making than for research purposes. For instance, research has found lower agreement between evaluators when the risk assessments are conducted during routine practice. We examined the field interrater reliability of the Short‐Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability: Adolescent Version (START:AV). Clinicians in a Dutch secure youth care facility completed START:AV assessments as part of the treatment routine. Consistent with previous literature, interrater reliability of the items and total scores was lower than previously reported in non‐field studies. Nevertheless, moderate to good interrater reliability was found for final risk judgments on most adverse outcomes. Field studies provide insights into the actual performance of structured risk assessment in real‐world settings, exposing factors that affect reliability. This information is relevant for those who wish to implement structured risk assessment with a level of reliability that is defensible considering the high stakes.
