While the Municipality of Amsterdam wants to expand the electric vehicle public charging infrastructure to reach carbon-neutral objectives, the Distribution System Operator cannot allow new charging stations where low-voltage transformers are reaching their maximum capacity. To solve this situation, a smart charging project called Flexpower is being tested in some districts. Charging power is limited during peak times to avoid grid congestion and, therefore, enable the expansion of charging infrastructure while deferring grid investments. This work simulates the implementation of the Flexpower strategy with high penetration of electric vehicles, considering dynamic and local power limits, to assess the impact on both the satisfaction of electric vehicle users and the business model of the Charging Point Operator. A stochastic approach, based on Gaussian Mixture Models, has been used to model different profiles of electric vehicle users using data from the Amsterdam public electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Several key performance indicators have been defined to assess the impact of such charging limitations on the different stakeholders. The results show that, while Amsterdam’s existing public charging infrastructure can host just twice the current electric vehicle demand, the application of Flexpower will enable the growth in charging stations without requiring grid upgrades. Even with 7 times more charging sessions, Flexpower could provide a power peak reduction of 57% while supplying 98% of the total energy required by electric vehicle users.
Summary:A novel Smart Charging strategy, based on low base allowances per charger combined with 1. clustering of chargers on the same part of the grid and 2. dynamic non guaranteed allowance, is presented in this paper. This manner of Smart Charging will allow more than 3 times the amount of chargers to be installed in the existing grid, even when the grid is already congested. The system also improves the usage of available flexibility in EV charging compared to other Smart Charging strategies. The required algorithms are tested on public chargers in Amsterdam, in some of the most intensely used parts of the Dutch grid.
Developers of charging infrastructure, be it public or private parties, are highly dependent on accurate utilization data in order to make informed decisions where and when to expand charging points. The Amsterdam The Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences in close cooperation with the municipalities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht and the metropolitan region of Amsterdam developed both the back- and front-end of a decision support tool. This paper describes the design of the decision support tool and its DataWareHouse architecture. The back-end is based on a monthly update of charging data with Charge point Detail Records and Meter Values enriched with location specific data. The design of the front-end is based on Key Performance Indicators used in the decision process for charging infrastructure roll-out. Implementing this design and DataWareHouse architecture allows all kinds of EV related companies and cities to start monitoring their charging infrastructure. It provides an overview of how the most important KPIs are being monitored and represented in the decision support tool based on regular interviews and decision processes followed by four major cities and a metropolitan region in the Netherlands.
In the road transportation sector, CO2 emission target is set to reduce by at least 45% by 2030 as per the European Green Deal. Heavy Duty Vehicles contribute almost quarter of greenhouse gas emissions from road transport in Europe and drive majorly on fossil fuels. New emission restrictions creates a need for transition towards reduced emission targets. Also, increasing number of emission free zones within Europe, give rise to the need of hybridization within the truck and trailer community. Currently, in majority of the cases the trailer units do not possess any kind of drivetrain to support the truck. Trailers carry high loads, such that while accelerating, high power is needed. On the other hand, while braking the kinetic energy is lost, which otherwise could be recaptured. Thus, having a trailer with electric powertrain can support the truck during traction and can charge the battery during braking, helping in reducing the emissions and fuel consumption. Using the King-pin, the amount of support required by trailer can be determined, making it an independent trailer, thus requiring no modification on the truck. Given the heavy-duty environment in which the King-pin operates, the measurement design around it should be robust, compact and measure forces within certain accuracy level. Moreover, modification done to the King-pin is not apricated. These are also the challenges faced by V-Tron, a leading company in the field of services in mobility domain. The goal of this project is to design a smart King-pin, which is robust, compact and provides force component measurement within certain accuracy, to the independent e-trailer, without taking input from truck, and investigate the energy management system of the independent e-trailer to explore the charging options. As a result, this can help reduce the emissions and fuel consumption.
Een duurzaam energiesysteem op wijkniveau: met Smart Solar Charging wordt lokaal opgewekte zonne-energie in (deel)auto’s opgeslagen via een slim en dynamisch systeem (Vehicle2Grid). Wij onderzoeken de wenselijkheid van deze dienst voor gebruikers.Doel We onderzoeken wat de beste ervaringen zijn van de gebruikers van het energiesysteem Smart Solar Charging. Een Smart Solar Charging-systeem werkt pas bij een (deel)autosysteem van minimaal honderd auto’s. Dit kan een goede oplossing zijn voor het mobiliteitsprobleem in de steden. Maar wat is het voordeel voor de gebruikers? Wat verandert er in hun leven en hoe reageren zij hierop? Waar zijn zij bang voor? Wat verlangen ze? Zoals hierboven genoemd zijn dit belangrijke aspecten om ervoor te zorgen dat het nieuwe systeem daadwerkelijk kan slagen. Hoe ziet de ervaringswereld van mogelijke betrokkenen eruit? Het antwoord op deze vraag zal worden meegenomen in de ontwikkeling van de diensten. Resultaten Dit onderzoek loopt. Na afloop vind je hier een samenvatting van de resultaten. Op de projectwebsite lees je meer over Smart Solar Charging Looptijd 01 april 2017 - 01 april 2021 Aanpak Het lectoraat Co-Design van Hogeschool Utrecht doet onderzoek naar optimale gebruikersinteracties van de beoogde diensten. In het Design Innovation model van Ideo zijn drie elementen die de basis voor innovatie zijn. Waar andere partijen in het project zich met name richten op de zakelijke en technische kanten van het verhaal, onderzoekt het lectoraat Co-Design de human en dus desirability-kant, vanzelfsprekend in verbinding met de twee andere elementen.
