This paper provides new insights into entrepreneurship education (EE) for children, by combining three elements that expand the EE literature in a novel direction: (1) the content focus is on social and sustainable entrepreneurship; (2) the educational setting studied is primary education; and (3) the focus is on the effects as perceived by the participating children themselves.Explorative research was done on two programs delivered by EE provider Fawaka School of Entrepreneurship in the city of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. A one-group pre-test/post-test survey among the full population of 450 participating children was conducted in 2021. The results provide clues that a program focused on sustainable and social entrepreneurship can provide different results than more ‘general’ programs on entrepreneurship, in particular with regard to differences between girls and boys. After the program, differences in entrepreneurial intentions are significantly smaller, and a number of significant differences with regard to self-confidence disappear.
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Sustainable entrepreneurs need to balance social, environmental and economic goals. However, some put sustainable goals first whereas others prioritize economic outcomes. This suggests differences in types of sustainable entrepreneurs. We study sustainable entrepreneur archetypes based on their motivations to start a venture and on their entrepreneurial orientation (EO). This is important to understand since the degrees of EO and motivations determines not only the sustainability of a venture but also its success and activities of sustainable entrepreneurs. Based on the extant literature and an exploratory, mixed-method study of 24 sustainable fashion firms we put forward four distinct sustainable entrepreneurship archetypes which differ in motivation and EO, namely: Idealists, Evangelists, Realists and Opportunists. Implications for practice, theory and future research are suggested.
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This book explores inspirational entrepreneurial activities in the tourism industry of Ladakh, India. It particularly looks at ways to develop an entrepreneurial yet environment-friendly tourist destination. The book starts off with in-depth historical reflections of entrepreneurship and tourism in one of India’s fastest growing tourist destinations. Subsequently, the book studies the unique entrepreneurial challenges and opportunities in Ladakh’s extreme resource-scarcity and remote context based on empirical evidence from entrepreneurs and stakeholders in the tourism industry. In addition, a broad overview of contemporary entrepreneurial activities in the tourism industry in Ladakh is presented, underscoring the importance of indigenous knowledge and cultural traditions for developing sustainable tourism. Based on qualitative data analyses and literature reflections, this book provides scholars, students, professionals and policymakers an alternative view on entrepreneurial activities in the tourism industry of an ecologically jeopardized region.
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Our paper investigates the microfoundations of sustainable entrepreneurship and aims to shed light on trade-offs made in decisions about social, ecological and economic sustainability. Balancing the three dimensions of sustainability (social, ecological and economic) inherently requires choices in which one dimension or another has less optimal outcomes. There is not much known about the rationale that sustainable entrepreneurs use for making such trade-offs. Thus, we ask how does entrepreneurial orientation affect decisions and trade-offs on sustainability impact? Our study is an exploratory, qualitative study of 24 sustainable entrepreneurs. We collected data about entrepreneurial orientation and sustainability trade-offs and held in-depth interviews with a subsample of six firms. We conducted a cluster analysis based on four entrepreneurial orientations (innovativeness, proactiveness, riskiness and futurity) and three sustainability trade-off dimensions (environmental, social and economic). From the findings, we derive a typology of three types of sustainable entrepreneurs: green-conflicted, humanitarian-oriented and holistically-oriented. We uncover salient characteristics and aspects of entrepreneurial orientation in relation to trade-off decisions. We find that the entrepreneurs accept slower economic growth or lower performance in order to maintain the integrity of their social and ecological principles and values.
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A year later, in 2013, the Westerkwartier Area Cooperative was established – a new form of cooperation at the regional level, involving hundreds of dairy farmers, other SMEs, Terra MBO as the representative of the knowledge institutions in the region, the National Forest Service in the Netherlands (‘Staatsbosbeheer’), the Groningen Countryside Association (‘Landschapsbeheer Groningen’) and, later on, the De Zijlen healthcare institution. A year later, this initiative was followed by the establishment of the Southwest Drenthe Area Cooperative, another formalised multi-stakeholder cooperative on a large scale, bound together by a shared agenda. The members of these two new cooperatives sought to bring together and strengthen local and sectoral initiatives at the regional level. Because of their close cooperation with knowledge institutions, they hoped that practice-based research would yield a lot of results. At the many evening meetings and during workshops, spirited debates were held about new concepts such as bio-based economy, new concepts in food and health, alternative methods of energy production, but also ways of improving the quality of life in the region, strengthening the tourism industry and creating jobs for young people. Those involved were all too aware that the existing educational and research institutes and government agencies, and the organisational structures used by businesses, tend to do more harm than good, which led to the call for Next Education, Next Governance and Next Business. It became apparent from these discussions that there were many knowledge questions to be explored, and the need arose for a permanent link with the knowledge institutions through the establishment of a separate professorship focused on sustainable and cooperative entrepreneurship for the benefit of the entrepreneurs involved as well as for the education sector, the government and the general public. This is how the Sustainable Cooperative Entrepreneurship professorship came about, as part of the Sustainable Financial Management professorship chaired by Dr Margreet Boersma at Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen’s School of Financial and Economic Management. I am honoured to be giving this new professorship shape, and I would like to point out that I will not be doing this on my own – I am only the figurehead of a very substantial group of innovative and ambitious entrepreneurs, students, lecturers, public servants, citizens and colleagues. The Innovation Army is marching. And if you are not a part of it yet, now is the time to get involved!
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From the list of content: " Smart sustainable cities & higher education, Essence: what, why & how? Developing learning materials together; The blended learning environment; Teaching on entrepreneurship; Utrecht municipality as a client; International results; Studentexperiences; International relations; City projects in Turku, Alcoy and Utrecht ".
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Social enterprises are the organizations founded, owned, and/or managed by the social entrepreneur(s). Their organizations can take different (sometimes multiple) legal forms, such as foundations, cooperatives, or limited liability companies. Some countries introduced separate organizational forms to do justice to the dual mission of social enterprises, such as low-profit limited liability company (L3Cs), benefit corporation (B-Corps), and community interest company (CICs) (Ebrahim et al. 2014). This is to create an enabling environment for social enterprises in which they can operate.The next section (section “The Drivers of Social Entrepreneurship”) explains the drivers for social entrepreneurship and the reason for the current interest in the phenomenon. This is followed by a conceptualization of the multidimensional concept of social entrepreneurship and its subconcepts in section “Social Entrepreneurship and Its Subconcepts.” Subsequently, section “Contributing to Sustainable Development Goals” explains how social enterprises contribute to the sustainable development goals by solving societal problems and scaling for impact. It further goes into detail about the role of the social entrepreneur in this process. The conclusion is drawn in section “Conclusion,” which is followed by an agenda for future directions, specified for each of the subconcepts of social entrepreneurship in section “Future Directions.”
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Uit het rapport: "In mei 2015 bestaat het Centre of Expertise Smart Sustainable Cities 1 jaar. De founding partners, Ballast Nedam, BJW, Hogeschool Utrecht, Movares, ROC Midden-Nederland, Royal HaskoningDHV, Uneto VNI en Utrecht Sustainability Institute, hebben in het afgelopen jaar hard gewerkt aan de organisatie en projecten. Medewerkers van bedrijven, studenten, docenten en onderzoekers werken samen in multidisciplinaire teams om met nieuwe kennis en inzichten concrete toepassingen te ontwikkelen. Dat is de kern van onze manier van werken. Vanuit een systeemperspectief verbinden we technologische oplossingen aan de vraagstukken van mens en maatschappij. Op de conferentie ‘Samen werken aan Smart Sustainable Cities: het Utrechtse model’ (hu-conferenties.nl) op 5 juni, laten we u graag zien hoe we dat in praktijk brengen. In deze uitgave vindt u een kleine greep uit de projecten van het Centre waarin u ziet wat de meerwaarde is van de verbinding beroepspraktijkonderzoek- onderwijs. Kijkt u voor alle projecten van het Centre of Expertise op onze website: www.smartsustainablecities.hu.nl/projecten. Nadia Verdeyen, Algemeen directeur Centre of Expertise Smart Sustainable Cities"
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The connection between rural tourism and literary tourism, with a particular focus on entrepreneurship practices, lacks a deeper study in its varied intersections and dynamics. This paper considers these relations, within the limits of potentiality and inherent risks, taking as a best practice example a non-profit organization based in the north of Portugal. At stake here are concepts such as literary tourism, rural tourism, lifestyle entrepreneurship and local sustainable development, focusing specifically on the use of local resources, with local impact, to create a differentiated offer in order to target a niche market. Rural tourism entrepreneurship, highly motivated by lifestyle aspirations, born out of literary heritage, can be sustainable and result in innovative products embedded with endogenous resources, with a significant positive socio-economic impact on the local community.
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Our paper investigates the interaction of mechanisms that drive the emergence and development of a sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystem (SEE). We study a specific geographic context, the Amsterdam metropolitan area, and a specific industrial context, the denim industry. We conducted a qualitative, inductive study to understand how SEEs emerge and develop. We used data from longitudinal observations, semi-structured interviews and archival documentation to examine the emergence and development of the Amsterdam SEE in the denim industry. We show that the local culture that supports sustainability values is essential to attracting sustainability support organisations and acts as a catalyst for growth. By focusing on a specific sustainable innovation project as a case study, we also find that collectively engaging in innovation projects spurs the growth of an SEE and aids legitimization of SEE actors. Our study provides contributions to the nascent branch of literature on sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystems and has implications for practitioners and policy makers.
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