Dit artikel ligt momenteel ter beoordeling bij een reviewer van het European Journal of Sport Sciences.
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Cyanobacterial blooms can be toxic to humans swimming in affected waters. According to the European Bathing Water Directive bathing waters should be closed during cyanobacterial blooms. In the Netherlands, cyanobacteria monitoring in all official bathing water locations is usually performed every two weeks during the bathing season. In face of the large temporal and spatialvariability of cyanobacterial bloom dynamics this monitoring frequency however is too low for adequate early warnings to the public.High frequency monitoring and forecasting models can provide information on cyanobacterial blooms in between the regular monitoring dates and for a few days into the future. In the H2020 project EOMORES, we have combined observational data from a spectral camera (Ecowatch) near a Dutch bathing site with fluorescence data from an underwater drone to analyse the variability ofcyanobacterial blooms at short temporal and spatial scales. The results are used in a short term forecasting model of cyanobacterial blooms (AlgaeRadar) and a 3D scum forecasting model (EWACS). The AlgaeRadar is cross-validated with biweekly data from other bathing water sites and shows improved model performance compared to an earlier version that was built with only biweekly data.For the site with high-frequency chlorophyll observations the near-real time data are assimilated in the model to further enhance the model performance. Model performance of EWACS is verified using high frequency pictures from the Ecowatch station, showing scum layers on the water. This allowed us to validate and calibrate the EWACS model. Model validation abilities were in the pastalso limited by to the patchy nature and high temporal variability of the scum layers, which was not covered by sparse scum observations. With the resulting models, early warnings for cyanobacterial blooms are more reliable than those from the current practice that are merely based on biweekly monitoring data. For the protection of public health this provides better opportunities as well.
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Objective reduction of physical activity (PA) during pregnancy is common but undesirable, as it is associated with negative outcomes, including excessive gestational weight gain. Our objective was to explore changes in five types of activity that occurred during pregnancy and the behavioural determinants of the reported changes in PA. Design we performed a secondary analysis of a cross sectional survey that was constructed using the ASE-Model – an approach to identifying the factors that drive behaviour change that focuses on Attitude, Social influence, and self-Efficacy. Participants 455 healthy pregnant women of all gestational ages, receiving prenatal care from midwifery practices in the Netherlands. Findings more than half of our respondents reported a reduction in their PA during pregnancy. The largest reduction occurred in sports and brief rigorous activities, but other types of PA were reduced as well. Reduction of PA was more likely in women who considered themselves as active before pregnancy, women who experienced pregnancy-related barriers, women who were advised to reduce their PA, and multiparous women. Fewer than 5% increased their PA. Motivation to engage in PA was positively associated with enjoying PA. Key conclusions and implications for practice all pregnant women should be informed about the positive effects of staying active and should be encouraged to engage in, or to continue, moderately intensive activities like walking, biking or swimming. Our findings concerning the predictors of PA reduction can be used to develop an evidence-based intervention aimed at encouraging healthy PA during pregnancy.
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'The Post-digital Condition' is the opening essay from the essay collection by INC's Miriam Rasch, Swimming in the Ocean: Texts from a Post-digital World, to be published in Dutch by De Bezige Bij in June 2017. The translation was done by Nadia Palliser, the (analogue) photos come from project Wendepunkt by Maarten van Riel.
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Given the recent economic crisis and the risen poverty rates, sports managers need to get insight in the effect of income and other socio-economic determinants on the household time and money that is spent on sports participation. By means of a Tobit regression, this study analyses the magnitude of the income effect for the thirteen most practiced sports by households in Flanders (the Dutch speaking part of Belgium), which are soccer, swimming, dance, cycling, running, fitness, tennis, horse riding, winter sports, martial arts, volleyball, walking and basketball. The results demonstrate that income has a positive effect on both time and money expenditure on sports participation, although differences are found between the 13 sports activities. For example, the effect of income on time and money expenditure is relatively high for sports activities like running and winter sports, while it is lower for other sports such as fitness, horse riding, walking and swimming. Commercial enterprises can use the results of this study to identify which sports to focus on, and how they will organise their segmentation process. For government, the results demonstrate which barriers prevent people from taking part in specific sports activities, based upon which they should evaluate their policy decisions.
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Vergelijking van de sportdeelname in de 25 landen van de Europese Unie, met een systematisch overzicht van de beschikbare sportparticipatiegegevens per land. Ook besteedt het boek aandacht aan de 'key drivers' van sportparticipatie en aan de kansen en valkuilen van beleidsinterventies gericht op verhoging van de sportparticipatie.
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Bij de Zwemschool Instituut voor Sportstudies is in kaart gebracht welke factoren mogelijk een rol spelen bij de manier waarop kinderen het watergewenningstraject doorlopen. De voorgeschiedenis van 23 kinderen is bevraagd en bij de eerste en de tiende les zijn deze kinderen geobserveerd om de mate van waargenomen angst en het niveau van zwemvaardigheid te meten. Uit deze observatie kwam naar voren dat net zoals in eerdere onderzoeken kinderen die ouder zijn meer vooruitgang lieten zien op het gebied van zwemvaardigheid. Daarnaast bleek dat kinderen die eerder regelmatig hebben gezwommen de eerste les minder angst lieten zien en een hoger niveau op zwemvaardigheid toonden. Ditzelfde gold voor kinderen die al aan andere sporten deden (bijvoorbeeld gymnastiek). Echter verdween deze voorsprong bij beide groepen gedurende zwemlessen.
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Nadat in 2010 vanwege financiële redenen het schoolzwemmen is afgeschaft bleek uit onderzoek van het Instituut van Sportstudies (onderdeel van de Hanzehogeschool) in juni 2015 dat slechts 35% van de kinderen het zwemdiploma A opnieuw zouden halen. Dit was voor de gemeente Groningen aanleiding om in het schooljaar van 2015 te starten met bewegingsonderwijs in het water, genaamd Bswim. In de jaren daarna heeft de Hanzehogeschool praktijkgericht onderzoek uitgevoerd om te kijken wat het effect van dit programma is. In dit blog geven we een update.
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A small group of people managing a swimming pool to prevent it from closing, or a group taking care of a next door public green area. These are examples of citizen initiatives and they are becoming more and more prevalent. Citizen initiatives are a way for citizens to organize themselves and take action to arrange those activities that otherwise would not take place but are nevertheless important to them. But how and under which circumstances do these initiatives function? And how is continuity warranted? This research will focus on the continuity and success and failure factors of citizen initiatives in depopulating rural areas.
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Er is onderzoek gedaan naar het gebruik van HeatSavr voor energiebesparing bij zwembaden.
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