Traditional turn-by-turn navigation approaches often do not provide sufficiently detailed information to help people with a visual impairment (PVI) to successfully navigate through an urban environment. To provide PVI with clear and supportive navigation information we created Sidewalk, a new wayfinding message syntax for mobile applications. Sidewalk proposes a consistent structure for detailed wayfinding instructions, short instructions and alerts. We tested Sidewalk with six PVI in the urban center of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Results show that our approach to wayfinding was positively valued by the participants.
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Abstract In this paper several meaningful audio icons of classic arcade games such as Pong, Donkey Kong, Mario World and Pac-Man are analyzed, using the PRAAT software for speech analysis and musical theory. The analysis results are used to describe how these examples of best practice sound design obtain their meaning in the player's perception. Some aspects can be related to the use of tonal hierarchy (e.g. Donkey Kong and Mario World) which is a western culture related aspect of musical meaning. Other aspects are related to universal expressions of meaning such as the theory of misattribution, prosody, vocalization and cross-modal perceptions such as brightness and the uncanny valley hypothesis. Recent studies in the field of cognitive neuroscience support the universal and meaningful potential of all these aspects. The relationship between language related prosody, vocalization and phonology, and music seems to be an especially successful design principle for universally meaningful music icons in game sound design.
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From the introduction: "There are two variants of fronto-temporal dementia: a behavioral variant (behavioral FTD, bvFTD, Neary et al. (1998)), which causes changes in behavior and personality but leaves syntax, phonology and semantics relatively intact, and a variant that causes impairments in the language processing system (Primary Progessive Aphasia, PPA (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2004). PPA can be subdivided into subtypes fluent (fluent but empty speech, comprehension of word meaning is affected / `semantic dementia') and non-fluent (agrammatism, hesitant or labored speech, word finding problems). Some identify logopenic aphasia as a FTD-variant: fluent aphasia with anomia but intact object recognition and underlying word meaning."
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When teaching grammar, one of the biggest challenges teachers face is how to make their students achieve conceptual understanding. Some scholars have argued that metaconcepts from theoretical linguistics should be used to pedagogically and conceptually enrich traditional L1 grammar teaching, generating more opportunities for conceptual understanding. However, no empirical evidence exists to support this theoretical position. The current study is the first to explore the role of linguistic metaconcepts in the grammatical reasoning of university students of Dutch Language and Literature. Its goal was to gain a better understanding of the characteristics of students’ grammatical conceptual knowledge and reasoning and to investigate whether students’ reasoning benefits from an intervention that related linguistic metaconcepts to concepts from traditional grammar. Results indicate, among other things, that using explicit linguistic metaconcepts and explicit concepts from traditional grammar is a powerful contributor to the quality of students’ grammatical reasoning. Moreover, the intervention significantly improved students’ use of linguistic metaconcepts.
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Writing requirements is hard, and error prone. Using EARS can help to make better and more complete requirements. This video explains common requirement problems, and how you can use EARS to mitigate them. https://video.saxion.nl/id/1_uz3qtyie
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Practical experience and research reveal generic spoken language benefits after cochlear implantation. However, systematic research on specific language domains and error analyses are required to probe sub-skills. Moreover, the effect of predictive factors on distinct language domains is unknown. In this study, outcomes of 70 school-aged children with cochlear implants were compared with hearing peers. Approximately half of the children with cochlear implants achieved age-adequate language levels. Results did not reveal systematic strong or weak language domains. Error analyses showed difficulties with morphological and syntactic rules and inefficient narrative skills. Children without additional disabilities who received early intervention were raised with one spoken language, and used a second cochlear implant or contralateral hearing aid were more likely to present good language skills.
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In het huidige statistiekonderwijs is te weinig aandacht voor het proces voorafgaand aan de dataverzameling en uitvoering van de berekeningen ten behoeve van het beantwoorden van de onderzoeksvragen; het proces van datamanagement. Datamanagement is echter cruciaal voor het garanderen van de kwaliteit van de data en dus de betrouwbaarheid van de onderzoeksbevindingen. Te weinig aandacht voor dit proces vergroot de kansen op fouten in de gegevens, met als gevolg dat onderzoeksvragen niet beantwoord kunnen worden en projectgelden worden verspild. Om in deze kennislacune te voorzien is een procedure ontwikkeld, die gebruikt kan worden om databestanden te structureren en op te bouwen voordat met de feitelijke uitvoering van het onderzoek wordt begonnen. Deze procedure is beschreven het rapport ‘Van vragenlijst tot tabel’. Daarnaast wordt in de rapportage ingegaan op hoe de gegevens in SPSS kunnen worden geanalyseerd en op hoe de output van de analyses eenvoudig in een tabel voor een onderzoeksrapport of artikel kan worden gezet.
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In this chapter we discuss the implications of our research in the wider context of current models of brain function, endeavoring to understand the consequences of score-dependence and improvisation in terms of the ‘predicting brain’, the dual-stream model of perception and action, the procedural-declarative model of learning and memory, ideomotor learning and sensorimotor mapping, and the implicit acquisition of hierarchical music syntax.
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There remains some debate about whether beta power effects observed during sentence comprehension reflect ongoing syntactic unification operations (beta-syntax hypothesis), or instead reflect maintenance or updating of the sentence-level representation (beta-maintenance hypothesis). In this study, we used magnetoencephalography to investigate beta power neural dynamics while participants read relative clause sentences that were initially ambiguous between a subject- or an object-relative reading. An additional condition included a grammatical violation at the disambiguation point in the relative clause sentences. The beta-maintenance hypothesis predicts a decrease in beta power at the disambiguation point for unexpected (and less preferred) object-relative clause sentences and grammatical violations, as both signal a need to update the sentence-level representation. While the beta-syntax hypothesis also predicts a beta power decrease for grammatical violations due to a disruption of syntactic unification operations, it instead predicts an increase in beta power for the object-relative clause condition because syntactic unification at the point of disambiguation becomes more demanding. We observed decreased beta power for both the agreement violation and object-relative clause conditions in typical left hemisphere language regions, which provides compelling support for the beta-maintenance hypothesis. Mid-frontal theta power effects were also present for grammatical violations and object-relative clause sentences, suggesting that violations and unexpected sentence interpretations are registered as conflicts by the brain's domain-general error detection system.
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Dit artikel beschrijft de bevindingen uit een explorerend literatuuronderzoek naar de grammaticale ontwikkeling van Nederlandstalige kinderen tussen 7 en 10 jaar met en zonder een taalontwikkelingsstoornis (TOS). De resultaten worden ook in een klinische context geplaatst, met als doel logopedisten te ondersteunen in de behandeling van grammaticale problemen bij kinderen met TOS in deze leeftijdsgroep. Grammaticale problemen zijn een kernprobleem van kinderen metTOSen behandeling van deze grammaticale problemen is daarmee een kerntaak van de logopedist. De verwervingsvolgorde van grammaticale structuren bij Nederlandstalige kinderen met een normale taalontwikkeling is redelijk duidelijk tot een leeftijd van 5 á 6 jaar. Voor oudere kinderen is dit veel minder het geval. Deze informatie is echter wel van belang om passende grammaticale behandeldoelen te kunnen selecteren en prioriteren.
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