Circulating sex hormone levels have been linked to a wide range of
cardiovascular risk factors in men, but studies on incident CVD
have been inconclusive [1]. Recent data from meta-analyses show an
increase in CVD risk with low testosterone in elderly men and no
association with estradiol levels [2,3]. To clarify the role of sex hormones
in male CVD risk, we examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal
associations between endogenous sex hormones and subclinical
atherosclerosis in a population-based cohort of middle-aged and older
men.