Abstract: In this article I will reconstruct the Dutch debate on citizenship against the developing thinking about social citizenship in the context of globalization. I will show that the confusion around
citizenship in the Netherlands can be seen as a result from a split between an unanimous negative valuation of Dutch citizen participation and the practice in which the participation of Dutch population is high. Recent theory on citizenship and participation localizes citizen participation, through membership, in the heart of citizenship practices (B.S. Turner). This can be understood as that all kinds of practices and activities can be viewed as citizenship practices and citizenship activities. From this perspective it becomes clear that in the Netherlands, due to the nation-state conceptualisation of citizenship social participation is not acknowledged as part of citizenship. In reverse, the case study
learns about the theory of citizenship in practices that that theory functions as a framework that visualises different - sometimes conflicting - notions and practices of citizenship and thereby recognises all these as part of citizenship.