Cultural festivals can attract cultural tourists, extend the tourist season and add vibrancy to the cultural scene. However, there is relatively little research on how festivals affect tourist experience of the destination or outcomes such as satisfaction or repeat visitation. This study used the Event Experience Scale to measure tourist experiences at three cultural festivals in Hong Kong – the Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and the Cheung Chau Bun Festival. The findings show that tourist experiences of these festivals are distinct, and they positively affect destination image and behavioural outcomes. Relative to permanent attractions and tours, festival experiences elicit stronger affective, conative and novelty responses. Festivals also convey a stronger impression of Hong Kong as a destination exhibiting Chinese and traditional culture, but less as a global city. The festival experience is associated with positive outcomes, namely greater satisfaction, intention to recommend and intention to return.
This paper provides an introduction to the special issue of the Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events on Festival Cities and Tourism. It provides a contextualisation of the conversations surrounding the relationship between cities and their festivals during the Covid-19 pandemic. Focussing on the ‘festival city’ of Edinburgh, we examine how festival organisers reacted to the challenges of the pandemic, and how they strove to maintain contact with audiences and other stakeholders. We then review the different contributions to the special issue, ranging from festivalisation and suburban food festivals in Barcelona to an art festival in Dublin, the European Capital of Culture in Hungary and the festival portfolio of Hong Kong.
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Cities around the world are increasingly using events as a tool to generate a wide range of effects, including image enhancement, income generation, and social cohesion. However, the use of events as an urban policy tool is hampered by the fact that events themselves also have their own objectives, such as making a profit or advancing the agenda of national and international organizations. In some cases, the objectives of the events and the city may coincide, but in other cases, they may not. Therefore, for cities there is a growing challenge in coordinating their events program in order to maximize the benefits for the city as a whole, while also supporting individual events. Many cities have already developed specific events policies and support mechanisms, but these tend to treat events as individual occurrences, rather than as an integral part of the urban ecology. Richards and Palmer have argued that the "eventful city" needs to take a strategic, holistic view of its events portfolio in order to move from being a city full of events to developing "eventfulness." This article considers how some cities are developing more holistic approaches to event policy and eventfulness. In reviewing the events policies of cities worldwide, it identifies three emerging policy models: event-centric policy, sector-centric policy, and network-centric policy. The article further considers the implications of these different models for events and events policies in cities.
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The EcoScope project will develop an interoperable platform and a robust decision-making toolbox, available through a single public portal, to promote an efficient, ecosystem-based approach to the management of fisheries. It will be guided by policy makers and scientific advisory bodies, and address ecosystem degradation and the anthropogenic impact that are causing fisheries to be unsustainably exploited across European Seas. BUAS participates with the MSP Challenge simulation-platform.
The eleven Universities forming the KreativEU consortium agreed to the common goal of establishing a fully European University, that places the creative potential derived from Europe’s cultural heritage at the heart of its teaching, research and knowledge transfer activities. Committing to a long-term institutional, structural and strategic cooperation the partners will jointly implement an ambitious yet inclusive vision for transforming the study of culture, identity, memory and heritage for the benefit of society. Building upon this strong foundation, KreativEU will provide innovative concepts, methods, and solutions to address both current and future challenges, contributing to a sustainable and harmonious future for communities and the environment alike. KreativEU recognizes the inseparable interconnection of tangible and intangible cultural heritage, as well as the interwoven nature of local and national traditions, crafts, cultural practices, and folklore. The alliance is dedicated to formulating cutting-edge educational and research programmes that reevaluate these elements and their associated ecological surroundings, the lived environment, especially in the context of the digital age. This ecocultural vision serves as the foundational principle guiding KreativEU's efforts, ensuring that a new generation of EU citizens working together across cultures, borders, languages, sectors and disciplines will be educated. Students from the KreativEU are expected to be leaders of change and enablers of societal transformation.To reach this vision, the KreativEU Alliance will work towards the completion of 8 work packages (WP1 - Governance and Management; WP2 - KreativEU Education; WP3 - KreativEU Research; WP4 - KreativEU Culture with and for society; WP5 - KreativEU Knowledge-creation and design network on Smart Sustainability WP6 - KreativEU Heritage European campus; WP7 - KreativEU Mobility; WP8 - Communication and Dissemination).Collaborative partners:Instituto Politécnico de Tomar, Escola Superior de Gestão de Tomar, D.A. Tsenov Academy of Economics, Johoceska Univerzita V Ceskych Budejovicich, Universita Degli Studi di Camerino, Universitaet Greifswald, Pilitechnika Opolska, Universitatae Valahia Targoviste, Trnavska Univerzita V Trnave, Sodestorns Hogskola, Adana Alparslan Turkes Bilim VE Teknoloji University
De productie van bouwmaterialen veroorzaakt ca. 11% van de wereldwijde CO2 uitstoot. Een groot aandeel hierin heeft beton: De voor verharding benodigde chemische reacties van cement veroorzaken naar schatting 6% van de mondiale uitstoot. Om in 2050 een circulaire economie te helpen bereiken is een belangrijke strategie om middels nieuwe recepturen beton te gebruiken met lagere CO2-emissie gecombineerd met 3D-printen. Voordeel van 3D-printen is dat materiaal aangebracht wordt daar waar nodig. Dat is efficiënter dan betonstorten in bekistingen. Ecocem heeft in een labomgeving een receptuur ontwikkeld met lagere CO2-emissie dan conventioneel Portlandcement: ‘CO2-arm’ cement. De receptuur is gebaseerd op gebruik van staalslakken. Een nadeel is echter dat staalslakken minder reactief zijn, hetgeen van invloed is op belangrijke eigenschappen bij de verwerking in beton, zoals vloeibaarheid en uitharding. Voor succesvolle toepassing van een ‘CO2-arme’ receptuur is een goede verwerkbaarheid essentieel. Het ontbreekt echter aan ervaring hoe recepturen voor ‘CO2-arm’ beton gecombineerd kunnen worden met 3D-printen voor het verkrijgen van gewenste producteigenschappen. Op basis van reacties van potentiële afnemers geeft betoncentrale Rouwmaat aan dat deze tekortkoming mogelijke doorbraak van 3D-betonprinten benadeelt. Saxion lectoraat Industrial Design heeft door experimenten met additive manufacturing van beton veel ervaring in onderzoek naar de wisselwerking tussen materiaalsamenstelling, proceseigenschappen en toepassingsmogelijk¬heden en beschikt over een 3D-betonprintlab. Gebaseerd op een casestudy voor fabricage van buitenornamenten (van Creastone) onderzoekt dit project daarom hoe variaties in receptuur van ‘CO2-arm’ beton gecombineerd met 3D-printen eigenschappen zoals sterkte, draagkracht en dichtheid beïnvloeden. Het beoogde resultaat zijn ‘CO2-arme’ betonrecepturen met bijbehorende procesbeschrijving voor toepassingen met gewenste materiaaleigenschappen. Deze kennis is noodzakelijk om ‘CO2-arm’ beton materiaalefficiënt toe te kunnen passen. Doordat de partners deel uitmaken van de bouwsector Oost-Nederland is de verwachting dat een succesvol project een hefboomeffect heeft voor adoptie van ‘CO2-arm’ beton in de praktijk.
