Protocollair gestuurde zorg en individuele afstemming van verpleegkundige zorg lijken op gespannen voet te staan met elkaar, maar is dit ook zo? In de evidence-based practice (EBP) zijn drie componenten belangrijk voor een zorgvuldige besluitvorming: bewijs uit wetenschappelijk onderzoek, kennis over best practices en kennis over voorkeuren en waarden van zorgvragers. Veel belang wordt toegekend aan bewijs uit wetenschappelijk onderzoek dat vooral zichtbaar is in de toepassing in richtlijnen en protocollen. In de huidige regelgerichte zorg ligt veel nadruk op het naleven van die protocollen, veel minder aandacht gaat uit naar het afstemmen op de individuele voorkeuren van de patiënt.
The world faces rapid changes that call for new epistemologies and methodologies that can generate innovative forms of "being" and "doing" within organizations. This article investigates conceptual and practical resources from the social constructionist perspective that can be useful in realizing the transformation of organizations. Initially, a global context of the world in change is described, explaining the consequences for organizations; then social constructionism is introduced as a postmodern epistemology and offered as a potential approach to the organizational development field in supporting research and intervention. Some perspectives for action and knowledge production are offered in the context of an organization. Finally, some resources with examples will be articulated; these new frameworks for action can be effective for organizations coping in times of change.
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This article discusses the viability of a feminist constructivist approach of knowledge through the careful reading of the work of the feminist scholar and historian of science and technology, Donna Haraway. Haraway proposes an interpretation of objectivity in terms of "situated knowledges". Both the subject and the object of knowledge are endowed with the status of material-semiotic actors. By blurring the epistemological boundary between subject and object, Haraway's narratives about scientific discourse become populated with hybrid subjects/objects. The author argues that the ethics of these hybrid subjects consists of an uneasy mixture of a Nietzschean and a socialist-Christian ethic. The article concludes by setting out why Haraway's project constitutes an interesting effort to fuse postmodern insights and feminist commitments.
