GLUT-4 expression is not consistently higher in type 1 than type 2 fibres of rat and human vastus lateralis muscles: an immunohistochemical study.
Immunofluorescence microscopy in this study shows that GLUT-4 protein expression is fibre-type specific within a muscle. It is postulated that both fibre-type-dependent and fibre-type-independent factors affect GLUT-4 expression.
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Protein expression of UCP3 differs between human type 1, type 2a and type 2 fibers.
Muscle fiber-type specific expression of UCP3-protein is reported here for the firts time, using immunofluorescence microscopy
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TzanckNet : a convolutional neural network to identify cells in the cytology of erosive‑vesiculobullous diseases.
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The impact of bed rest on human skeletal muscle metabolism
Insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest, but the temporal and causal adaptations in human skeletal muscle metabolism are not fully defined. Here, we use an integrative approach to assess human skeletal muscle metabolism during bed rest and provide a multi-system analysis of how skeletal muscle and the circulatory system adapt to short- and long-term bed rest (German Clinical Trials: DRKS00015677). We uncover that intracellular glycogen accumulation after short-term bed rest accompanies a rapid reduction in systemic insulin sensitivity and less GLUT4 localization at the muscle cell membrane, preventing further intracellular glycogen deposition after long-term bed rest. We provide evidence of a temporal link between the accumulation of intracellular triglycerides, lipotoxic ceramides, and sphingomyelins and an altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial structure and function after long-term bed rest. An intracellular nutrient overload therefore represents a crucial determinant for rapid skeletal muscle insulin insensitivity and mitochondrial alterations after prolonged bed rest.
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Sex differences in skeletal muscle‑aging trajectory: same processes, but with a different ranking
Om inzicht te krijgen in spierveroudering is genexpressie gemeten in vastus lateralis biopten van jonge en oude mannen en vrouwen. We vonden dat tijdens het ouder worden bij beide geslachten dezelfde categorieën genen in spieren worden aan- en uitgeschakeld (“gereguleerd”); de mate van deze zogenaamde differentiële expressie was echter geslachtsspecifiek. Bij mannen was oxidatieve fosforylering het meest in het oog springende proces, en bij vrouwen was dit celgroei gemedieerd door AKT-signalering. De conclusie is dat dezelfde processen zijn geassocieerd met skeletspierveroudering bij mannen en vrouwen, maar dat de differentiële expressie van die processen geslachtsspecifiek is.
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Evaluating routine dietetic interventions in geriatric rehabilitation: implications to address malnutrition, sarcopenia and underweight
Background: Although diagnosing and treating malnutrition, sarcopenia and underweight are recommended to be embedded and sustained within nutritional care, it is unknown if that is facilitated in geriatric rehabilitation. This study determined the proportion of geriatric rehabilitation inpatients with malnutrition, sarcopenia or underweight receiving dietetic interventions as part of routine clinical care and if these patients have greater improvements in body weight and composition compared to patients not receiving dietetic interventions.Methods: Geriatric rehabilitation inpatients from the observational REStORing health of acutely unwell adulTs (RESORT) cohort were included (n=971, median age 83.2 [77.7-88.8] years, 58.5% (n=568) females). Malnutrition, sarcopenia and underweight were defined by the Global Leadership Initiative of Malnutrition, European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 and age-specific body mass index cut-offs. Data on dietetic interventions initiated by dietitians as part of clinical care was extracted from the centralised hospital database. Changes in body weight (kg), skeletal muscle mass (kg, %), and fat mass (kg, %) from admission to discharge were determined using linear mixed models.Results: Dietetic interventions were received by 306 (62.0%), 138 (71.5%) and 153 (76.9%) of patients with malnutrition (n=493), sarcopenia (n=193) and underweight (n=199). Duration and frequency of dietetic interventions were higher in patients with malnutrition, sarcopenia or underweight compared to patients without those conditions. There were no differences in body weight/composition changes in patients with malnutrition, sarcopenia or underweight receiving dietetic interventions compared to those not receiving interventions.Conclusions: One-third of geriatric rehabilitation inpatients with malnutrition, sarcopenia or underweight are not receiving dietetic interventions and therefore the referral and diagnostic process require improvements. Patients with malnutrition, sarcopenia or underweight receiving dietetic interventions had no greater improvements in body weight/composition compared to those who did not receive interventions. Tailoring dietetic interventions for malnutrition, sarcopenia and underweight diagnosis may improve patient outcomes.
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ZEEVIVO Zeewier in visvoer
De kweek van vis en de vraag naar visvoer groeit wereldwijd enorm. Voor een verdere duurzame groei is de visvoer industrie op zoek naar alternatieve eiwitbronnen die duurzaam zijn en zo min mogelijk concurreren met bronnen geschikt voor humane consumptie. Eiwit uit zeewier kan in potentie een duurzaam alternatief zijn voor bijvoorbeeld het momenteel veel gebruikte sojameel of vismeel en visolie. ZEEVIVO focust zich in dit deel project op de vervanging van soja en onderzoekt daarom in werkpakket C of eiwit uit zeewier een geschikt alternatief is voor de sojacomponent in visvoer. De activiteiten binnen ZEEVIVO werkpakket C hebben als doel het selecteren en karakteriseren van op zeewier gebaseerde eiwitgrondstoffen voor visvoeders. Als eerste worden alle relevante eisen vastgesteld waaraan het zeewiereiwitconcentraat moet voldoen om gebruikt te kunnen worden door de visvoerindustrie. Vervolgens wordt, door middel van een uitgebreide screening met behulp van in vivo proeven, een selectie gemaakt uit de beschikbare zeewiereiwitconcentraten.
