One of the goals of this research is to arrive at an implementation of a CAN-bus that can be used for lab exercises in regular student courses. In this paper, an overview is given of our basic ideas concerning the CAN concept and its application to the control of a manufacturing system. This system consists of two robots, a milling machine and some transportation means. In this system, every workstation will have its own CAN controller. The concept consists of a specially designed hardware structure, embedded software for the protocol and initialisation and a high level production environment, that makes it possible to configure a production system in an easy way.
Author supplied: Abstract—The growing importance and impact of new technologies are changing many industries. This effect is especially noticeable in the manufacturing industry. This paper explores a practical implementation of a hybrid architecture for the newest generation of manufacturing systems. The papers starts with a proposition that envisions reconfigurable systems that work together autonomously to create Manufacturing as a Service (MaaS). It introduces a number of problems in this area and shows the requirements for an architecture that can be the main research platform to solve a number of these problems, including the need for safe and flexible system behaviour and the ability to reconfigure with limited interference to other systems within the manufacturing environment. The paper highlights the infrastructure and architecture itself that can support the requirements to solve the mentioned problems in the future. A concept system named Grid Manufacturing is then introduced that shows both the hardware and software systems to handle the challenges. The paper then moves towards the design of the architecture and introduces all systems involved, including the specific hardware platforms that will be controlled by the software platform called REXOS (Reconfigurable EQuipletS Operating System). The design choices are provided that show why it has become a hybrid platform that uses Java Agent Development Framework (JADE) and Robot Operating System (ROS). Finally, to validate REXOS, the performance is measured and discussed, which shows that REXOS can be used as a practical basis for more specific research for robust autonomous reconfigurable systems and application in industry 4.0. This paper shows practical examples of how to successfully combine several technologies that are meant to lead to a faster adoption and a better business case for autonomous and reconfigurable systems in industry.
From the publisher's site: Abstract: This paper describes the implementation of an agile autonomous agent-based manufacturing system based on a grid. This grid contains production machines, represented by agents, capable to perform certain production steps. Products to be made are also represented by agents. Many different products can be made in parallel, each product having its own sequence of production steps. The whole manufacturing is based on interaction of agents living in a distributed environment. This paper explains the basic design considerations and includes a simple example as a proof of concept.
MULTIFILE
Hout is een veelgebruikt duurzaam (bouw)materiaal met belangrijke ecologische voordelen: Het is hernieuwbaar en fungeert als CO2-opslag. Een nadeel van hout is echter dat het alleen met verspanende technieken (draaien, frezen, zagen) verwerkt kan worden, hetgeen veel houtafval veroorzaakt. Daarbij wordt het afval en hout dat ongeschikt is als constructiemateriaal slechts ingezet in laagwaardige toepassingen of verbrand. Afgezien van het gebruik van houtvezels als filler materiaal bij 3D-printen van kunststoffen, wordt 3D-printen van hout(afval) nog niet toegepast, hoewel dit wel mogelijk is: Alle plantaardige materialen bevatten natuurlijke polymeren, lignine en cellulose, welke voor mechanische eigenschappen zorgen. Door deze polymeren uit plantaardige materialen te scheiden kunnen deze, met behulp van enkele additieven, in een thermoplastisch verwerkbaar materiaal worden omgezet dat extrudeerbaar is. Door de locatie van de extruder te manipuleren en hier laagsgewijs een object mee te maken ontstaat een additive manufacturing (AM) proces: een 3D ‘hout’printer! Naast materiaalefficiëntie biedt AM unieke voordelen, namelijk grote vormvrijheid en de mogelijkheid van seriematige enkelstuksproductie. Indien gecombineerd met de ontwerptechnieken parametrisch en topologische ontwerpen zijn vergaande optimalisaties van materiaalgebruik en productvariaties mogelijk. Met AM ontstaat zodoende een enorm nieuw spectrum van hoogwaardige toepassingsmogelijkheden voor hout(afval). In dit projectvoorstel wordt via de driehoek van ‘materiaal – proces – toepassing’ simultaan onderzoek gedaan naar: (1) Geschikte combinaties (blends) van cellulose en lignine om mee te kunnen extruderen; (2) Het ontwikkelen van een 3D-printproces en setup voor het verwerken van deze materiaal-combinaties; (3) Het identificeren van geschikte toepassingen. Geschikte toepassingen worden beïnvloed door materiaaleigenschappen en het printproces. Beide aspecten hebben ook onderlinge wisselwerking. Daarom wordt binnen casestudies van mogelijke toepassingen de onderlinge invloed integraal onderzocht. De doelstelling is daarbij om een werkende 3D ‘hout’printer met een werkend receptuur te ontwikkelen en de haalbaarheid van innovatieve, duurzame en voor de markt relevante toepassingen aan te tonen middels cases.
Currently, many novel innovative materials and manufacturing methods are developed in order to help businesses for improving their performance, developing new products, and also implement more sustainability into their current processes. For this purpose, additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been very successful in the fabrication of complex shape products, that cannot be manufactured by conventional approaches, and also using novel high-performance materials with more sustainable aspects. The application of bioplastics and biopolymers is growing fast in the 3D printing industry. Since they are good alternatives to petrochemical products that have negative impacts on environments, therefore, many research studies have been exploring and developing new biopolymers and 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of fully biobased products. In particular, 3D printing of smart biopolymers has attracted much attention due to the specific functionalities of the fabricated products. They have a unique ability to recover their original shape from a significant plastic deformation when a particular stimulus, like temperature, is applied. Therefore, the application of smart biopolymers in the 3D printing process gives an additional dimension (time) to this technology, called four-dimensional (4D) printing, and it highlights the promise for further development of 4D printing in the design and fabrication of smart structures and products. This performance in combination with specific complex designs, such as sandwich structures, allows the production of for example impact-resistant, stress-absorber panels, lightweight products for sporting goods, automotive, or many other applications. In this study, an experimental approach will be applied to fabricate a suitable biopolymer with a shape memory behavior and also investigate the impact of design and operational parameters on the functionality of 4D printed sandwich structures, especially, stress absorption rate and shape recovery behavior.
Nowadays, there is particular attention towards the additive manufacturing of medical devices and instruments. This is because of the unique capability of 3D printing technologies for designing and fabricating complex products like bone implants that can be highly customized for individual patients. NiTi shape memory alloys have gained significant attention in various medical applications due to their exceptional superelastic and shape memory properties, allowing them to recover their original shape after deformation. The integration of additive manufacturing technology has revolutionized the design possibilities for NiTi alloys, enabling the fabrication of intricately designed medical devices with precise geometries and tailored functionalities. The AM-SMART project is focused on exploring the suitability of NiTi architected structures for bone implants fabricated using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology. This is because of the lower stiffness of NiTi alloys compared to Ti alloys, closely aligning with the stiffness of bone. Additionally, their unique functional performance enables them to dissipate energy and recover the original shape, presenting another advantage that makes them well-suited for bone implants. In this investigation, various NiTi-based architected structures will be developed, featuring diverse cellular designs, and their long-term thermo-mechanical performance will be thoroughly evaluated. The findings of this study underscore the significant potential of these structures for application as bone implants, showcasing their adaptability for use also beyond the medical sector.
