It is assumed by the projects demonstrating Positive Energy District (PED) concepts in cities across Europe that citizens should want and need to be involved in the development of new energy concepts, such as PEDs for these concepts to be deployed successfully. Six different PED research and innovation projects are investigating the types and expectations of citizen engagement. They evaluate the impact of energy citizenship on the success of PED deployment across Europe.
In the Interreg Smart Shared Green Mobility Hubs project, electric shared mobility is offered through eHUBs in the city. eHUBs are physical places inneighbourhoods where shared mobility is offered, with the intention of changing citizens’ travel behaviour by creating attractive alternatives to private car use.In this research, we aimed to gain insight into psychological factors that influence car owners’ intentions to try out shared electric vehicles from an eHUB in order to ascertain:1. The psychological factors that determine whether car owners are willing to try out shared electric modalities in the eHUBs and whether these factors are identical for cities with different mobility contexts.2. How these insights into psychological determinants can be applied to entice car owners to try out shared electric modalities in the eHUBs.Research was conducted in two cities: Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and Leuven (Belgium). An onlinesurvey was distributed to car owners in both cities inSeptember 2020 and, additionally, interviews wereheld with 12 car owners in each city.In general, car owners from Amsterdam and Leuven seem positive about the prospect of having eHUBs in their cities. However, they show less interest inusing the eHUBs themselves, as they are satisfied with their private car, which suits their mobility needs. Car owners mentioned the following reasons for notbeing interested in trying out the eHUBs: they simply do not see a need to do so, the costs involved with usage, the need to plan ahead, the expected hasslewith registration and ‘figuring out how it works’, having other travel needs, safety concerns, having to travel a distance to get to the vehicle, and a preferencefor ownership. Car owners who indicated that they felt neutral, or that they were likely to try out an eHUB, mentioned the following reasons for doing so:curiosity, attractive pricing, convenience, not owning a vehicle like those offered in an eHUB, environmental concerns, availability nearby, and necessity when theirown vehicle is unavailable.In both cities, the most important predictor determining car owners’ intention to try out an eHUB is the perceived usefulness of trying out an eHUB.In Amsterdam, experience with shared mobility and familiarity with the concept were the second and third factors determining car owners’ interest in tryingout shared mobility. In Leuven, pro-environmental attitude was the second factor determining car owners’ openness to trying out the eHUBs, and agewas the third factor, with older car owners being less likely to try one out.Having established that perceived usefulness was the most important determinant for car owners to try out shared electric vehicles from an eHUB, weconducted additional research, which showed that, in both cities, three factors contribute to perceived usefulness, in order of relevance: (1) injunctive norms(e.g., perceiving that society views trying out eHUBs as correct behaviour); (2) trust in shared electric mobility as a solution to problems in the city (e.g., expecting private car owners’ uptake of eHUBs to contributeto cleaner air, reduce traffic jams in city, and combat climate change); and (3) trust in the quality and safety of the vehicles, including the protection of users’privacy. In Amsterdam specifically, two additional factors contributed to perceived usefulness of eHUBs: drivers’ confidence in their capacity to try out anunfamiliar vehicle from the eHUB and experience of travelling in various modes of transport.Drawing on the relevant literature, the results of our research, and our behavioural expertise, we make the following recommendations to increase car users’ uptake of shared e-mobility:1. Address car owners’ attentional bias, which filters out messages on alternative transport modes.2. Emphasise benefits of (trying out) shared mobility from different perspectives so that multiple goals can be addressed.3. Change the environment and the infrastructure, as infrastructure determines choice of transport.4. For Leuven specifically: target younger car owners and car owners with high pro-environmental attitudes.5. For Amsterdam specifically: provide information on eHUBs and opportunities for trying out eHUBs.
MULTIFILE
The livability of the cities and attractiveness of our environment can be improved by smarter choices for mobility products and travel modes. A change from current car-dependent lifestyles towards the use of healthier and less polluted transport modes, such as cycling, is needed. With awareness campaigns, cycling facilities and cycle infrastructure, the use of the bicycle will be stimulated. But which campaigns are effective? Can we stimulate cycling by adding cycling facilities along the cycle path? How can we design the best cycle infrastructure for a region? And what impact does good cycle infrastructure have on the increase of cycling?To find answers for these questions and come up with a future approach to stimulate bicycle use, BUas is participating in the InterReg V NWE-project CHIPS; Cycle Highways Innovation for smarter People transport and Spatial planning. Together with the city of Tilburg and other partners from The Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and United Kingdom we explore and demonstrate infrastructural improvements and tackle crucial elements related to engaging users and successful promotion of cycle highways. BUas is responsible for the monitoring and evaluation of the project. To measure the impact and effectiveness of cycle highway innovations we use Cyclespex and Cycleprint.With Cyclespex a virtual living lab is created which we will use to test several readability and wayfinding measures for cycle infrastructure. Cyclespex gives us the opportunity to test different scenario’s in virtual reality that will help us to make decisions about the final solution that will be realized on the cycle highway. Cycleprint will be used to develop a monitoring dashboard where municipalities of cities can easily monitor and evaluate the local bicycle use.
In de eindrapportage van het RaakPro IMDEP project [1] hebben we aangegeven dat ten aanzien van demo 6 niet alle gestelde onderzoeksvragen beantwoord konden worden. Het plan was om de in Nederland ontwikkelde CIGS zonnecelmodule van Solliance op een façade te vergelijken met verschillende commerciële dunne film zonnecel-modules en een standaard silicium zonnecel module op de balustrade van het balkon van Flexhouse. In het IMDEP project zijn voor november 2015 wel de 2 commerciële dunne film zonnecelmodules en de standaard silicium zonnecel modules gerealiseerd. Na overleg met projectpartner TNO-Solliance is komen vast te staan dat de benodigde dunne CIGS modules van Solliance binnen de projectperiode van IMDEP niet te voorzien waren, maar wel voor het einde van 2016. Bij het eindevent waar meer dan 40 bedrijven uit de zonne-energie en bouw wereld aanwezig waren, werd nogmaals herhaalt dat ze graag meer kennisinteractie en informatie over de ontwikkelingen van (dunne) film zonnepaneel wilde krijgen. We zouden graag in de periode tot januari 2018 de volgende onderzoeksvraag, die we in het IMDEP project niet konden afronden en in de eindrapportage en eindevent benoemd is, dan ook graag in de Top-up regeling van SIA willen onderzoeken. Dit in nauwe samenwerking met Solliance. Hoe is de performance (elektrische opbrengst) en de reliability van het CIGS product van Solliance ten opzichte van commerciële producten standaard silicium, commerciële CIGS en dunne film silicium producten in een gevel toepassing gedurende een periode van een half jaar en kunnen deze produkten op korte termijn op de markt een rol gaan spelen? Dit top-up project is voor Solliance en Hyet van belang omdat het inzicht geeft in hoe hun producten zich verhouden tot de commerciële producten en hoe hun producten door hun potentiele klanten ontvangen worden. De Wijk van Morgen bij Zuyd Hogeschool is een ideale locatie om bedrijven en onderzoeksgroepen bij deze ontwikkelingen te helpen. Voor dunne film zonnepanelen wordt een grote markt verwacht, omdat ze: - veel lichter gemaakt kunnen worden; - makkelijker op maat gemaakt kunnen worden; - en op grote schaal ook goedkoper gemaakt kunnen worden. Installateurs en andere partijen in de bouwwereld zijn zeer geintereseerd naar de komst van deze produkten, omdat ze nieuwe markten voor hun kunnen openen, waar nu niet silicium zonnepanelen gebruikt kunnen worden. Mede het IMDEP project is aanjager geweest voor het lectoraat Zonne-energie in de Gebouwde Omgeving. Het heeft de mogelijkheid geboden om kennis uit te bouwen over demonstratie en monitoring van zonnepanelen. Het heeft in 2016 geleid tot een onderzoekslijn van 4 fte, waarbinnen 2 TKI projecten en 1 Interreg project lopen. Dit Top-up project geeft de mogelijkheid om deze onderzoekslijn verder te versterken. [1] Eindrapportage IMDEP, 26-4-2016.
Het duurzaam en toegankelijker maken van mobiliteit is van cruciaal belang voor zowel de gezondheid als de kwaliteit van het leven van burgers. ShareDiMobiHub heeft als doel de multimodale toegankelijkheid te verbeteren door het introduceren, verbeteren en uitbreiden van (digitale-)mobiliteitshubs met gedeelde vervoersmiddelen.
