In order to design effective Persuasive Technology (PT) interventions, it is essential that designers understand the multitude of factors that lead to behavioral change, rather than guessing at a solution or imitating successful techniques without understanding why. The few available PT design frameworks solely distinguish behavioral determinants on an individual (micro) level (e.g., motivation), whereas successfully persuading a user is a multifaceted and complex task depending also on factors on a meso (e.g., available resources) and macro (e.g., social support and praise) level. We developed an analysis grid that enables PT designers to acknowledge the multifaceted character of determinants leading to behavioral change and select appropriate PT channels and strategies, preventing the failure of PT design. This analysis grid was validated in a case study in which we designed a PT intervention aimed at reporting minor crime incidents among citizens.
Behaviour Change Support Systems (BCSS), already running for the 10th time at Persuasive Technology, is a workshop that builds around the concept of systems that are specifically designed to help and support behaviour change in individuals or groups. The highly multi-disciplinary nature of designing and implementing behaviour change strategies and systems for the strategies has been in the forefront of this workshop from the very beginning. The persuasive technology field is becoming a linking pin connecting natural and social sciences, requiring a holistic view on persuasive technologies, as well as multi-disciplinary approach for design, implementation, and evaluation. So far, the capacities of technologies to change behaviours and to continuously monitor the progress and effects of interventions are not being used to its full potential. The use of technologies as persuaders may shed a new light on the interaction process of persuasion, influencing attitudes and behaviours. Yet, although human- computer interaction is social in nature and people often do see computers as social actors, it is still unknown how these interactions re-shape attitude, beliefs, and emotions, or how they change behaviour, and what the drawbacks are for persuasion via technologies. Humans re-shape technology, changing their goals during usage. This means that persuasion is not a static ad hoc event but an ongoing process. Technology has the capacity to create smart (virtual) persuasive environments that provide simultaneously multimodal cues and psycho-physiological feedback for personal change by strengthening emotional, social, and physical presence. An array of persuasive applications has been developed over the past decade with an aim to induce desirable behaviour change. Persuasive applications have shown promising results in motivating and supporting people to change or adopt new behaviours and attitudes in various domains such as health and wellbeing, sustainable energy, education, and marketing. This workshop aims at connecting multidisciplinary researchers, practitioners and experts from a variety of scientific domains, such as information sciences, human-computer interaction, industrial design, psychology and medicine. This interactive workshop will act as a forum where experts from multiple disciplines can present their work, and can discuss and debate the pillars for persuasive technology.
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It has been established that normative social influence can be used effec-tively in persuasive technology. However, it is unknown whether the application of more social pressure makes it more effective. To test this hypothesis, a quantitative experiment was conducted on the online social network Facebook. Although evidence to support the hypothesis was found, it cannot be concluded from this experiment that more intense persuasion is more effective, when utilizing normative social influence in persuasive technology.
Er bestaat groeiende belangstelling bij musea, goede doelen en grote festivals voor Virtual Reality. Deze instellingen hebben vaak interesse voor complexere interactieve VR-installaties met een duidelijke persuasieve intentie, zoals attitude- of gedragsverandering bij het publiek. Dit onderzoeksvoorstel richt zich op de ontwikkeling van een ‘grammatica’ voor het ontwerpen van interactieve VR installaties die zich richten op ‘reflection’ en ‘persuasion’. Uitgangspunt daarvoor is het ‘model for dimensions of interaction in VR’ dat in een eerder Raak MKB project is ontwikkeld. Het model beschrijft vier verschillende vormen van interactie in VR. Met dit onderzoek wordt een belangrijke nieuwe stap gezet door het conceptuele model te concretiseren en te onderzoeken in hoeverre deze ingezet kunnen worden voor de doelen persuasion en reflection. In hoeverre kunnen interactieve design elementen bijdragen aan het effect van VR als ‘perspective shifter’? In Fase 1 wordt het conceptuele model ingekleurd door een analyse van interactie strategieën in bestaande VR-installaties. De analyse van de installaties wordt vergezeld door interviews met de makers waarbij gevraagd wordt naar hun motief voor de implementatie van deze interactieve elementen en hun reflectie daarop. In Fase 2 worden de aldus verkregen inzichten en hypothesen gekoppeld aan theorie over media effecten, toewerkend naar een format voor VR als perspective shifter. Dit format vormt de basis voor Fase 3, waarin in samenwerking met kennispartners een concept voor een VR installatie met het thema VR for Diversity wordt ontwikkeld. Deze installatie wordt geproduceerd door één van de consortiumpartners en zal ingezet worden voor een serie experimenten waarmee wordt nagegaan hoe VR als perspective shifter kan dienen en welke rol interactieve (verhaal)elementen daarbij kunnen spelen. Parallel aan het onderzoekstraject worden experts meetings en workshops georganiseerd en zal de verkregen kennis worden bestendigd binnen onderwijsafdelingen aan de Hogeschool van Amsterdam en Hogeschool voor de Kunsten in Utrecht.
