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Automatic Tagging Suggestion for Database Enrichment

The huge number of images shared on the Web makes effective cataloguing methods for efficient storage and retrieval procedures specifically tailored on the end-user needs a very demanding and crucial issue. In this paper, we investigate the applicability of Automatic Image Annotation (AIA) for image tagging with a focus on the needs of database expansion for a news broadcasting company. First, we determine the feasibility of using AIA in such a context with the aim of minimizing an extensive retraining whenever a new tag needs to be incorporated in the tag set population. Then, an image annotation tool integrating a Convolutional Neural Network model (AlexNet) for feature extraction and a K-Nearest-Neighbours classifier for tag assignment to images is introduced and tested. The obtained performances are very promising addressing the proposed approach as valuable to tackle the problem of image tagging in the framework of a broadcasting company, whilst not yet optimal for integration in the business process.

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Automatic Tagging Suggestion for Database Enrichment

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Integration of Large Language Models in the Public Sector

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'Privacy lost - and found?'

In this paper we explore the extent to which privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) could be effective in providing privacy to citizens. Rapid development of ubiquitous computing and ‘the internet of things’ are leading to Big Data and the application of Predictive Analytics, effectively merging the real world with cyberspace. The power of information technology is increasingly used to provide personalised services to citizens, leading to the availability of huge amounts of sensitive data about individuals, with potential and actual privacy-eroding effects. To protect the private sphere, deemed essential in a state of law, information and communication systems (ICTs) should meet the requirements laid down in numerous privacy regulations. Sensitive personal information may be captured by organizations, provided that the person providing the information consents to the information being gathered, and may only be used for the express purpose the information was gathered for. Any other use of information about persons without their consent is prohibited by law; notwithstanding legal exceptions. If regulations are properly translated into written code, they will be part of the outcomes of an ICT, and that ICT will therefore be privacy compliant. We conclude that privacy compliance in the ‘technological’ sense cannot meet citizens’ concerns completely, and should therefore be augmented by a conceptual model to make privacy impact assessments at the level of citizens’ lives possible.

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Measuring quality of grammars for procedural level generation

Grammar-based procedural level generation raises the productivity of level designers for games such as dungeon crawl and platform games. However, the improved productivity comes at cost of level quality assurance. Authoring, improving and maintaining grammars is difficult because it is hard to predict how each grammar rule impacts the overall level quality, and tool support is lacking. We propose a novel metric called Metric of Added Detail (MAD) that indicates if a rule adds or removes detail with respect to its phase in the transformation pipeline, and Specification Analysis Reporting (SAnR) for expressing level properties and analyzing how qualities evolve in level generation histories. We demonstrate MAD and SAnR using a prototype of a level generator called Ludoscope Lite. Our preliminary results show that problematic rules tend to break SAnR properties and that MAD intuitively raises flags. MAD and SAnR augment existing approaches, and can ultimately help designers make better levels and level generators.

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Measuring quality of grammars for procedural level generation

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Assessing Children's Fine Motor Skills With Sensor-Augmented Toys: Machine Learning Approach

BACKGROUND: Approximately 5%-10% of elementary school children show delayed development of fine motor skills. To address these problems, detection is required. Current assessment tools are time-consuming, require a trained supervisor, and are not motivating for children. Sensor-augmented toys and machine learning have been presented as possible solutions to address this problem.OBJECTIVE: This study examines whether sensor-augmented toys can be used to assess children's fine motor skills. The objectives were to (1) predict the outcome of the fine motor skill part of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children Second Edition (fine MABC-2) and (2) study the influence of the classification model, game, type of data, and level of difficulty of the game on the prediction.METHODS: Children in elementary school (n=95, age 7.8 [SD 0.7] years) performed the fine MABC-2 and played 2 games with a sensor-augmented toy called "Futuro Cube." The game "roadrunner" focused on speed while the game "maze" focused on precision. Each game had several levels of difficulty. While playing, both sensor and game data were collected. Four supervised machine learning classifiers were trained with these data to predict the fine MABC-2 outcome: k-nearest neighbor (KNN), logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), and support vector machine (SVM). First, we compared the performances of the games and classifiers. Subsequently, we compared the levels of difficulty and types of data for the classifier and game that performed best on accuracy and F1 score. For all statistical tests, we used α=.05.RESULTS: The highest achieved mean accuracy (0.76) was achieved with the DT classifier that was trained on both sensor and game data obtained from playing the easiest and the hardest level of the roadrunner game. Significant differences in performance were found in the accuracy scores between data obtained from the roadrunner and maze games (DT, P=.03; KNN, P=.01; LR, P=.02; SVM, P=.04). No significant differences in performance were found in the accuracy scores between the best performing classifier and the other 3 classifiers for both the roadrunner game (DT vs KNN, P=.42; DT vs LR, P=.35; DT vs SVM, P=.08) and the maze game (DT vs KNN, P=.15; DT vs LR, P=.62; DT vs SVM, P=.26). The accuracy of only the best performing level of difficulty (combination of the easiest and hardest level) achieved with the DT classifier trained with sensor and game data obtained from the roadrunner game was significantly better than the combination of the easiest and middle level (P=.046).CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study show that sensor-augmented toys can efficiently predict the fine MABC-2 scores for children in elementary school. Selecting the game type (focusing on speed or precision) and data type (sensor or game data) is more important for determining the performance than selecting the machine learning classifier or level of difficulty.

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Assessing Children's Fine Motor Skills With Sensor-Augmented Toys: Machine Learning Approach

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Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality technologies transforming real estate investments

The purpose of this research is to investigate how Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies influence the decision-making process in real estate investments. The research aims to understand how these technologies can enhance the decision-making process and provide insights into their potential to transform the real estate investment sector.

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Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality technologies transforming real estate investments

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Designing immersive sustainable food experiences in augmented reality: a consumer participatory co-creation approach

In light of the current debate on the impact of our current food system on climate changeand related mitigation strategies, addressing the acceptance of sustainability aspects within consumerbehavioral issues is of vital importance. However, the field remains mute on how those strategies canbe designed and employed effectively to stimulate sustainable food consumption behavior. Immersivenarrative design is a promising approach to engaging consumers in this context. Within this study, weshed light on how to create immersive, impactful, interactive narratives in augmented reality (AR)together with consumers. We propose a novel approach to how those stories can be planned, utilizingparticipatory design methods. Within a step-wise process, we develop the storyboard together withconsumers. In the next step, we evaluate multiple approaches with AR application developers onhow this storyline can be enhanced in AR considering the perspective of various stakeholders likedevelopers, behavioral scientists, and consumers. Finally, we propose a conceptual framework for howimmersive narratives can be designed and validated in a collaborative, multidimensional approachfor impactful AR narrative content designs to stimulate sustainable food behavior for consumers.

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Designing immersive sustainable food experiences in augmented reality: a consumer participatory co-creation approach

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The design choices for the development of an Augmented Reality game for people with visuospatial neglect

Introduction: Visuospatial neglect (VSN) is common after stroke and can seriously hamper everyday life. One of the most commonly used and highly recommended rehabilitation methods is Visual Scanning Training (VST) which requires a lot of repetition which makes the treatment intensive and less appealing for the patient. The use of eHealth in healthcare can increase options regarding improved treatment in the areas of patient satisfaction, treatment efficacy and effectiveness. One solution to motivational issues might be Augmented Reality (AR), which offers new opportunities for increasing natural interactions with the environment during treatment of VSN. Aim: The development of an AR-based scanning training program that will improve visuospatial search strategies in individuals affected by VSN. Method: We used a Design Research approach, which is characterized by the iterative and incremental use of prototypes as research instruments together with a strong human-centered focus. Several design thinking methods were used to explore which design elements the AR game should comply with. Seven patients with visuospatial neglect, eight occupational therapists, a game design professional and seven other healthcare professionals participated in this research by means of co-creation based on their own perspectives. Results: Fundamental design choices for an AR game for VSN patients included the factors extrinsic motivation, nostalgia, metaphors, direct feedback, independent movement, object contrast, search elements and competition. Designing for extrinsic motivation was considered the most important design choice, because due to less self-awareness the target group often does not fully understand and accept the consequences of VSN. Conclusion: This study produced a prototype AR game for people with VSN after stroke. The AR game and method used illustrate the promising role of AR tools in geriatric rehabilitation, specifically those aimed at increasing the independence of patients with VSN after stroke. 2020 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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The design choices for the development of an Augmented Reality game for people with visuospatial neglect

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The Impact of Quantization on Retrieval-Augmented Generation: An Analysis of Small LLMs

Post-training quantization reduces the computational demand of Large Language Models (LLMs) but can weaken some of their capabilities. Since LLM abilities emerge with scale, smaller LLMs are more sensitive to quantization. In this paper, we explore how quantization affects smaller LLMs’ ability to perform retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), specifically in longer contexts. We chose personalization for evaluation because it is a challenging domain to perform using RAG as it requires long-context reasoning over multiple documents. We compare the original FP16 and the quantized INT4 performance of multiple 7B and 8B LLMs on two tasks while progressively increasing the number of retrieved documents to test how quantized models fare against longer contexts. To better understand the effect of retrieval, we evaluate three retrieval models in our experiments. Our findings reveal that if a 7B LLM performs the task well, quantization does not impair its performance and long-context reasoning capabilities. We conclude that it is possible to utilize RAG with quantized smaller LLMs.

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Zoekresultaten

Producten 143

Automatic Tagging Suggestion for Database Enrichment

Integration of Large Language Models in the Public Sector

'Privacy lost - and found?'

Measuring quality of grammars for procedural level generation

Assessing Children's Fine Motor Skills With Sensor-Augmented Toys: Machine Learning Approach

Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality technologies transforming real estate investments

Designing immersive sustainable food experiences in augmented reality: a consumer participatory co-creation approach

The design choices for the development of an Augmented Reality game for people with visuospatial neglect

The Impact of Quantization on Retrieval-Augmented Generation: An Analysis of Small LLMs

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Producten 143

Automatic Tagging Suggestion for Database Enrichment

Integration of Large Language Models in the Public Sector

'Privacy lost - and found?'

Measuring quality of grammars for procedural level generation

Assessing Children's Fine Motor Skills With Sensor-Augmented Toys: Machine Learning Approach

Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality technologies transforming real estate investments

Designing immersive sustainable food experiences in augmented reality: a consumer participatory co-creation approach

The design choices for the development of an Augmented Reality game for people with visuospatial neglect

The Impact of Quantization on Retrieval-Augmented Generation: An Analysis of Small LLMs