Worldwide, pupils with migrant backgrounds do not participate in school STEM subjects as successfully as their peers. Migrant pupils’ subject-specific language proficiency lags behind, which hinders participation and learning. Primary teachers experience difficulty in teaching STEM as well as promoting required language development. This study investigates how a professional development program (PDP) focusing on inclusive STEM teaching can promote teacher learning of language-promoting strategies (promoting interaction, scaffolding language and using multilingual resources). Participants were five case study teachers in multilingual schools in the Netherlands (N = 2), Sweden (N = 1) and Norway (N = 2), who taught in primary classrooms with migrant pupils. The PDP focused on three STEM units (sound, maintenance, plant growth) and language-promoting strategies. To trace teachers’ learning, three interviews were conducted with each of the five teachers (one after each unit). The teachers also filled in digital logs (one after each unit). The interviews showed positive changes in teachers’ awareness, beliefs and attitudes towards language-supporting strategies. However, changes in practice and intentions for practice were reported to a lesser extent. This study shows that a PDP can be an effective starting point for teacher learning regarding inclusive STEM teaching. It also illuminates possible enablers (e.g., fostering language awareness) or hinderers (e.g., teachers’ limited STEM knowledge) to be considered in future PDP design.
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In 2020 is vanuit het SPRONG-Educatief programma van SIA en NRO het STEMnetwerk (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) gestart. Doel hiervan is het bouwen van een stevig landelijk lerend netwerk op het gebied van STEM-onderwijs, om de kwaliteit van dit onderwijs te verbeteren. In de onderwijspraktijk worden de ST-E-M namelijk nog vaak onafhankelijk van elkaar onderwezen en is er sprake van een breuklijn tussen het primair en voortgezet onderwijs; het ontbreekt aan een doorgaande leerlijn. Om vak- en sectoroverstijgend STEM-onderwijs te realiseren is een netwerksystematiek ontwikkeld die momenteel wordt geïmplementeerd. Deze systematiek bestaat uit het werken met een landelijk kernteam, regioteams en regionale professionele leergemeenschappen (PLGs), en het bevorderen van netwerkvorming met behulp van de sleutelfactoren hiervoor. Na twee jaar is het tijd om de balans op te maken. In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de organisatie van het STEM-netwerk en de sleutelfactoren voor netwerkleren. Daarnaast wordt verslag gedaan van evaluaties van het STEM-netwerk aan de hand van de sleutelfactoren en wordt weergegeven hoe hiervan wordt geleerd.
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Computational thinking (CT) has become a necessity in many professional domains. As such, scholars argue that the acquisition of CT and application should be embedded in existing school subjects. Within the CT literature, a tax-onomy distinguishes CT practices in STEM education into four categories: data related, systems thinking, modeling & simulation and computational problem solving (CPSP). Practical applications of these different categories are still limited. This paper presents three examples in which edu-cators of science teachers integrate CT within STEM con-tent knowledge using the above mentioned taxonomy. The first example applies to CPSP and data practices, the sec-ond to CPSP exclusively, the final to systems thinking and modeling & simulation. The examples provide practical insight that makes the use of CT in STEM education more tangible for practitioners.
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Although science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) study paths and STEM work fields may be relatively difficult and therefore not appropriate for everyone, too many children prematurely exclude STEM-related study and work options, based on negative images of the field or negative ability beliefs. In the present article, we provide an overview of the literature from different research perspectives that shows that study choice and career decisions made by young adults have their roots in earlier in childhood. In our view, the literature reviewed points to three interrelated factors that are important in the study choice and career development of children aged 8–16: knowledge, affective value, and ability beliefs and self-efficacy building. Based on this review, we argue that knowledge of the STEM field, and of the self in STEM activities, and parents’ and teachers’ knowledge of the early circumscription processes of children aged 8–16 needs to be broadened. Also, negative and often-stereotypical affective values adhered to STEM study choices or careers among parents and teachers need to be countered. With regard to ability beliefs, we argue that we should focus more attention on turning pupils’ entity beliefs into incremental ones. Keywords Career development, Study choice, STEM, Stereotypes Childhood
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Recent research has indicated an increase in the likelihood and impact of tree failure. The potential for trees to fail relates to various biomechanical and physical factors. Strikingly, there seems to be an absence of tree risk assessment methods supported by observations, despite an increasing availability of variables and parameters measured by scientists, arborists and practitioners. Current urban tree risk assessments vary due to differences in experience, training, and personal opinions of assessors. This stresses the need for a more objective method to assess the hazardousness of urban trees. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of factors that influence tree failure including stem failure, root failure and branch failure. A systematic literature review according to the PRISMA guidelines has been performed in databases, supported by backward referencing: 161 articles were reviewed revealing 142 different factors which influenced tree failure. A meta-analysis of effect sizes and p-values was executed on those factors which were associated directly with any type of tree failure. Bayes Factor was calculated to assess the likelihood that the selected factors appear in case of tree failure. Publication bias was analysed visually by funnel plots and results by regression tests. The results provide evidence that the factors Height and Stem weight positively relate to stem failure, followed by Age, DBH, DBH squared times H, and Cubed DBH (DBH3) and Tree weight. Stem weight and Tree weight were found to relate positively to root failure. For branch failure no relating factors were found. We recommend that arborists collect further data on these factors. From this review it can further be concluded that there is no commonly shared understanding, model or function available that considers all factors which can explain the different types of tree failure. This complicates risk estimations that include the failure potential of urban trees.
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De rechten van jongeren zijn in het geding bij klimaatverandering. “Mama, ik vind dat de stem van jongeren bij klimaatvraagstukken zwaarder moet tellen dan die van ouderen omdat het gaat om onze toekomst.” Zei me mijn dochter van 20, toen we naar Amsterdam gingen voor de Franse Presidentsverkiezingen. Ze deed een paar jaar geleden als scholier mee aan de klimaatmars in Den Haag. We raakten aan de praat over hoe ingewikkeld het is in een democratie om gedifferentieerde medezeggenschap te definiëren. Na wat denkwerk vond ik dat ze wel een punt had, want inderdaad klimaatverandering heeft voornamelijk impact op de belangen van jongeren. Dus het zijn vooral de rechten van jongeren die in het geding zijn.
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Blended learning, a teaching format in which face-to-face and online learning is integrated, nowadays is an important development in education. Little is known, however, about its affordances for teacher education, and for domain specific didactical courses in particular. To investigate this topic, we carried out a design research project in which teacher educators engaged in a co-design process of developing and field-testing open online learning units for mathematics and science didactics. The preliminary results concern descriptions of the work processes by the design teams, of design heuristics, and of typical ways of collaborating. These findings are illustrated for the case of two of the designed online units on statistics didactics and mathematical thinking, respectively.
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Tomato varieties used at present for commercial production in Dutch glasshouses have a high density of glandular trichomes on the stem, but a very low density on the leaves. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, and the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, usually disperse from leaf to leaf via the stem, thereby incurring high risks of entrapment (and death) in the exudate of the glandular trichomes. These risks have been quantified on the tomato cv. 'Turbo' and an accession of Lycopersicon peruvianum almost free of glandular trichomes. The possible consequences for biological control are discussed and new perspectives for predator release strategies and for plant breeding are considered. © 1987 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
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Deze cd-rom is ontwikkeld onder supervisie van het Transferpunt Vaardigheidsonderwijs. Het bevat een serie oefeningen rond toonhoogte in het algemeen, en toonhoogte van de menselijke stem in het bijzonder. Ze kunnen zonder of met een minimum aan begeleiding worden uitgevoerd. Het programma is in de eerste plaats bedoeld voor logopedisten in opleiding. In logopedisch onderzoek en therapie zit een aantal onderdelen dat een toonhoogte-aspect heeft. Studenten kunnen in het eerste, algemene deel, hun basiskennis t.a.v. toonhoogte op het vereiste niveau brengen. Het tweede deel van het programma is specifieker gericht op stemonderzoek en stemtherapie. Studenten oefenen zich in specifieke onderdelen t.a.v. de menselijke stem. Verschillende onderdelen zijn ook bruikbaar voor andere disciplines. Zo zou het onderdeel `toonhoogte algemeen in het muziekonderwijs gebruikt kunnen worden.
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Nederland kampt met een enorme woningnood. Juist nu moeten we ervoor zorgen dat we geen woningen bouwen die binnen enkele jaren alweer ten prooi vallen aan de sloopkogel – zeker als het gaat om onderdak voor ouderen. Geef ouderen een stem bij de invulling van hun woonwensen, schrijft ouderdomsonderzoeker
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