Green Urban Solutions is de overkoepelende benaming voor innovatieve toepassingen van groen in stedelijk gebied, zoals bijvoorbeeld groene daken, groene gevels, indoor groen en specifiek ontworpen aanplant op pleinen en perken. Ondanks de vele waarden die Green Urban Solutions genereren en het brede scala aan stakeholders die hier belang bij hebben, ontbreekt het tot nog toe aan solide business modellen voor Green Urban Solutions waarin deze stakeholders gekoppeld worden aan de verschillende waarden die ze genereren. Het doel van dit onderzoek is om drie nieuwe business modellen te ontwikkelen en een advies te geven voor het betrekken van stakeholders om deze modellen te versterken en te verwezenlijken. Hiervoor is de volgende hoofdvraag opgesteld: ‘’Wat is het Nederlandse business model voor Green Urban Solutions dat de schakel vormt met de stakeholders waar ze waarde voor creëert?’’.
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Nature-based solutions (NBS) bieden veel kansen om de waterveiligheid te verhogen en tegelijkertijd natuurwaarden te versterken. In dit artikel worden zowel een aantal ecologische en juridische aspecten besproken als de consequenties van NBS in voorlanden tussen dijk en water, ten behoeve van het overstromingsrisicobeheer.
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The number of people who combine work and unpaid care is increasing rapidly as more people need care, public and private care systems are progressively under pressure and more people are required to work for longer. Without adequate support, these working carers may experience detrimental effects on their well-being. To adequately support working carers, it is important to first understand the challenges they face. A scoping review was carried out, using Arksey and O’Malley's framework, to map the challenges of combining work and care and solutions described in the literature to address these challenges. The search included academic and grey literature between 2008 and 2018 and was conducted in April 2018, using electronic academic databases and reference list checks. Ninety-two publications were mapped, and the content analysed thematically. A conceptual framework was derived from the analysis which identified primary challenges (C1), directly resulting from combining work and care, primary solutions (S1) aiming to address these, secondary challenges (C2) resulting from solutions and secondary solutions (S2) aiming to address secondary challenges. Primary challenges were: (a) high and/or competing demands; (b) psychosocial/-emotional stressors; (c) distance; (d) carer's health; (e) returning to work; and (f) financial pressure. This framework serves to help those aiming to support working carers to better understand the challenges they face and those developing solutions for the challenges of combining work and care to consider potential consequences or barriers. Gaps in the literature have been identified and discussed.
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The energy community movement has grown considerably over the past ten years. Energy communities are also expanding their activities. However, room for new energy projects is limited because of grid congestion. Therefore, citizen energy communities (CECs) are looking for ways to reduce the pressure on the grid. Against this background we ask what new roles renewable energy communities can play in grid governance. What opportunities are available to store produced electricity or to balance electricity on a neighborhood level? Are these solutions economically and technically feasible? Our article draws on a recent research project on innovative community energy services in the Netherlands. In three case studies, we investigated local solutions to balance energy production and consumption. We organized workshops and webinars for CECs and carried out interviews and technical studies. Theoretically, we use Social Movement Theory (SMT) to understand the community energy movement. Furthermore, we employ Large Technical Systems (LTS) theories about the lifecycle of infrastructures. We investigated the technical, organizational, and economic aspects of these solutions, as well as skills and knowledge. We conclude that the community energy movement is expanding its activities to new functions in the energy system, but economic feasibility is not yet within reach.
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Bed-ridden nursing home residents are in need of environments which are homelike and facilitate the provision of care. Design guidance for this group of older people is limited. This study concerned the exploration and generation of innovative environmental enrichment scenarios for bed-ridden residents. This exploration was conducted through a combination of participatory action research with user-centred design involving 56 professional stakeholders in interactive work sessions. This study identified numerous design solutions, both concepts and products that are available on the marketplace and that on a higher level relate to improvements in resident autonomy and the supply of technological items and architectural features. The methodology chosen can be used to explore the creative potential of stakeholders from the domain of healthcare in product innovation.
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Rembang Regency is one of the regencies in Central Java that often experiences drought. Based on the results of the mapping of drought-prone areas for 2020 carried out by the Rembang Regency government, there are 63 villages spread across 14 sub-districts, 18,885 families are recorded as experiencing drought. Kaliori District is one of the sub-districts in Rembang Regency that is affected by drought, this sub-district consists of 23 villages and is directly adjacent to the north of Java Sea. The purpose of this research is to be able to do a mapping for planning sustainable drought solutions, obtain quantitative data on drought and stages of drought management. The stages of the research carried out were site surveys and interviews related to drought in the Kaliori area. Prior to the Focus Group Discussion (FGD), a questionnaire was prepared. This research was conducted through joint FGD with all village heads in Kaliori District regarding water drought in Rembang. Based on the FGD and the statistical analysis results, it was found that 70% of Kaliori District experienced drought. When there is a drought, generally villages in Kaliori sub-district use water from water tanks and some use wells of poor quality and having a salty taste. The majority of villages in Kaliori Sub-district experienced a drought that lasted for 4-5 months of a year. Several parties involved in dealing with drought in Kaliori Sub-district included PAMSIMAS, Karang Taruna, Banser, Paguyuban, and P3A. Some solutions proposed are river connection, estuary river gate, and reservoir optimation.
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From the article: Abstract Since decision management is becoming an integrated part of business process management, more and more decision management implementations are realized. Therefore, organizations search for guidance to design such solutions. Principles are often applied to guide the design of information systems in general. A particular area of interest when designing decision management solutions is compliance. In an earlier published study (Zoet & Smit, 2016) we took a general perspective on principles regarding the design of decision management solutions. In this paper, we re-address our earlier work, yet from a different perspective, the compliance perspective. Thus, we analyzed how the principles can be utilized in the design of compliant decision management solutions. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to specify, classify, and validate compliance principles. To identify relevant compliance principles, we conducted a three round focus group and three round Delphi Study which led to the identification of eleven compliance principles. These eleven principles can be clustered into four categories: 1) surface structure principles, 2) deep structure principles, 3) organizational structure principles, and 4) physical structure principles. The identified compliance principles provide a framework to take into account when designing information systems, taking into account the risk management and compliance perspective.
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Effects of climate change in cities are evident and are expected to increase in the future, demanding adaptation. In order to share knowledge, raise awareness and build capacity on climate adaptation, “ClimateCafés” have been utilized since 2012 in over 50 global events. ClimateCafé is a field education concept involving different fields of science for capacity building in climate adaptation depending on the specific needs of stakeholders. This chapter describes the need, method and results of two ClimateCafés performed in North America in 2022. In North America, there was a clear demand for proof of the long-term efficiency of small-scale urban nature-based solutions (NbS), since the hydraulic capacity of rain gardens and swales is often questioned in low permeable soils and high groundwater tables. The main research question in the ClimateCafés is: Which variation of the (un)saturated infiltration capacity can be expected under conditions with low permeable soil and high groundwater tables (under sea level)? To answer this research question, participative monitoring of NbS has taken place on swales and rain gardens implemented in New Orleans (under sea level) and Vancouver (bed rock). The ClimateCafés aimed at generating context-specific data on nature-based solutions by using open-source tools and cost-effective data collection techniques. The results of the workshops show that relevant, multidisciplinary data can be gathered in a short period of time with limited resources. As example, over 500 individual NbS projects are mapped in both cities from which a selection is made for field research with several stakeholders. The method of the conducted research consisted of a full-scale testing method, measuring the long-term infiltration capacity of rain gardens and swales installed in the last two decades. The results show a high variation of empty times for rain gardens and swales (26–300 mm/h) with fast decreasing infiltration capacity after saturation of the soil (second test showed a decrease in the order of 35%). The ClimateCafés stimulated accelerated climate action and support for national and international knowledge exchange in adaptation solutions for a climate resilient future. Besides raising awareness and capacity building, the evaluation of the outcomes of the ClimateCafés Vancouver and New Orleans lead to practical guidelines and cost-effective interventions to optimize the performance of existing NbS and a strategy for implementing optimized NbS in the near future.
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As the field of climate adaptation has entered an implementation and acceleration phase, measures for urban water and heat management are rapidly spreading in cities across the globe. Especially nature-based solutions have seen a recent rise in implementation to fight flooding, heat, drought, and biodiversity loss. Despite decades of experience, there is still a lot unknown about the long-term functioning of these measures and how this relates to design, development, and maintenance decisions. To this end, this chapter explores the relations between characteristics and performances of urban nature-based solutions, based on empirical research conducted in over 50 swales throughout the Netherlands between 2021 and 2022. The research combined various fieldwork methods such as full-scale infiltration tests to assess the hydraulic functionality and heavy metal accumulation tests by using an XRF-scanner, as well as neighborhood surveys to assess local perceptions of these swales and their functions. This chapter describes and illustrates these approaches for mapping and assessing the performance of swales, followed by a reflection on their suitability for linking design choices and performance indicators. Based on national guidelines, these indicators help to establish minimal performance quotas to evaluate and compare the performance of swales. While most of the researched swales met national criteria for hydraulic performance, almost a third of investigated swales exceeded norms for heavy metal accumulation. By building up a national database of swales and data derived through measurements, we attempt to find patterns among successes and failures in swale design through cross-case comparison, but conclude that these heavily rely on local circumstances and context-depending design choices. Expanding on mapping, assessment, and evaluation approaches can lead to a better understanding of these context-depending chances and risks for developing nature-based solutions.
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