Recording of the webinar "Insect culture in the Netherlands for feed and food with special focus on bacterial health" from Dr. Olga Haenen (Dutch National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Shellfish and Crustacean Diseases) presenting as part of the Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture (CSTFA) Webinar Series.
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Agroforestry in the Netherlands is taking a momentum, the professional practice is slowly but increasingly adopting agroforestry as an agricultural practice and clear government efforts are acknowledging the importance of agroforestry asa climate adaptive option that aligns with national goals. However, farmers are still facing a wide variety of challenges which also lie on policy issues. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the current bottlenecks and barriers that farmers perceive and experience in the implementation of agroforestry in the Netherlands. This review has been carried out building upon the results of an online survey where perceived bottlenecks were identified (total N=3,500 farmers and other stakeholders). Based on the aforementioned results the current relevant EC’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) normative provisions andthe Dutch national rules and regulations that promote agroforestry are referred. We also identify the potential bottlenecks that the transition to the new CAP imposes to the implementation of agroforestry. Main bottlenecks fell under three categories, i.e. issues about technical knowledge, business models, and rules and regulations. Main subjects that were raised under the rules and regulations category were unclarity on current provisions at EU and national level (e.g. CAP), registration of crops under agroforestry and related subsidies, governance at national and provincial level. Thereafter the EC’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) normative provisions and the Dutch national rules and regulations that are acting as barriers were linked to these raised subjects. Various CAP provisions concur with previous identified policy issues that are shared with other EU member states, however many require adaptations of rules and regulations at the national, provincial and municipality level and a coordinated governance among these levels.
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Summary (English):Current planning policies place great expectations on citizen participation to resolve complex societal and spatial challenges such as urban renewal and housing development. This essay explores what transitions in citizen participation have taken place on this issue in the Netherlands and to what extent citizen participation in its current form can address the complex socio-spatial challenge of providing affordable housing in cities.The essay introduces a paradox of the transition in participation in housing development in the Netherlands as part of broader transformations in Dutch spatial planning and development: in spite of increased institutionalization of participation, the actual citizens seem to have been served less and less. There is potential for the inclusion of citizen participation in the planning processes to encourage acceptance where resource distribution creates conflicts (i.e. affordable housing markets and lack of supply) for more effective cooperation during implementation. However, giving citizens more say in small parcels of spatial development does not disguise and overrule the structural forces in policy and real estate market trends that have grown in the last decades and push out lower and middle income groups from the city.This essay reviews state-of-the-art literature on the evolution of citizen participation, co-creation, and decision-making structures and processes in spatial planning and housing, and discusses participation trajectories in urban developments with housing functions in Amsterdam (Havenstraatterrein, Marineterrein) and Groningen (Suikerunie, Ebbinge), and Almere (Oosterwold) to showcase the paradoxical transition.__Summary (Dutch):Participatie krijgt een steeds prominentere rol in het oplossen van complexe maatschappelijke en ruimtelijke uitdagingen, zoals stedelijke vernieuwing en de ontwikkeling van woningen. Dit essay verkent welke veranderingen zich hebben voorgedaan in de rol die burgers spelen in woningontwikkeling in Nederland en in hoeverre participatie in de huidige vorm helpt om voldoende betaalbare woonruimte te ontwikkelen in de stad.Het essay schetst een paradoxale transitie op het gebied van participatie in de woningbouw in Nederland. De transitie is onderdeel is van grotere veranderingen in ruimtelijke ordening en ruimtelijke ontwikkeling in Nederland. Ondanks toenemende aandacht voor en institutionalisering van participatie in plan- en ontwikkelingsprocessen, lijkt het erop dat de burger die het meest de hulp van de overheid nodig heeft om passende woonruimte te vinden, steeds meer het nakijken heeft gekregen. Burgers een grotere rol geven in de planprocesen en planuitvoering kan helpen de acceptatie van plannen waarin schaarse middelen worden verdeeld, te vergroten. Tot nu toe echter blijft de inspraak van burgers beperkt tot kleine, specifieke gebieden. Deze uitzonderingen bieden onvoldoende tegenwicht aan de structurele krachten in beleid, grond- en vastgoedmarkten die midden- en lagere inkomens de afgelopen jaren steeds verder de stad uit hebben gedreven.Dit essay schetst op basis van literatuurstudie de grote lijnen in de ontwikkeling van woningontwikkeling en participatie sinds de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Op basis daarvan beschouwt het essay de ontwikkeling van participatie, co-creatie en besluitvorming in gebiedsontwikkeling in Amsterdam (Havenstraatterrein, Marineterrein), Groningen (Suikerunie, Ebbinge) en Almere (Oosterwold) om de paradoxale transitie die plaatsvindt in participatie in gebiedsontwikkeling en woningbouw te illustreren.
