We have developed an SI-traceable narrow-band tunable radiance source based on an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) and an integrating sphere for the calibration of spectroradiometers. The source is calibrated with a reference detector over the ultraviolet/visible spectral range with an uncertainty of <1%. As a case study, a CubeSat spectroradiometer has been calibrated for radiance over its operating range from 370 nm to 480 nm. To validate the results, the instrument has also been calibrated with a traditional setup based on a diffuser and an FEL lamp. Both routes show good agreement within the combined measurement uncertainty. The OPO-based approach could be an interesting alternative to the traditional method, not only because of reduced measurement uncertainty, but also because it directly allows for wavelength calibration and characterization of the instrumental spectral response function and stray light effects, which could reduce calibration time and cost.
Wanneer een beslisarchitectuur is geformuleerd, dan is daarna vaak de vraag hoe iedere individueel gespecificeerde beslissing uitgewerkt dient te worden. Gaan we voor een beslissing elk van de onderliggende bedrijfsregels volledig specificeren? Dient er een predictive analytics engine te komen of is het beter om een mens de beslissing te laten nemen?
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Purpose: The main purpose of this thesis to explore the possible application of blockchain technology in solving issues and concerns of members and stakeholders in multi-stakeholder cooperatives, which prevent effective collaboration in governance.Design: This study is performed using an extensive literature study on blockchain technology, relevant business cases solving issues and concerns comparable to these in multi-stakeholder cooperatives and six semi-structured interviews with blockchain experts, using the business case of multi-stakeholder cooperative Gebiedscoöperatie Westerkwartier.Findings: Findings reveal blockchain-based solutions can contribute to solving existing issues and concerns in multi-stakeholder cooperatives, by implementing its main characteristics: creating transparency, immutability and distributed consensus. This results in increased trust, increased efficiency and accuracy in decision-making, decreased administrative costs due to self-executable smart contracts and enables product traceability in supply chains. However, information is retained in supply chains, preventing blockchain from reaching its full potential. In addition, smart contracts are not legally binding in all countries yet and blockchain, as most technologies, is subject to human or technical error.Value: Overall, this study contributes to understanding issues and concerns existing in multistakeholder cooperatives and the potential application and benefit of blockchain technology to solve existing issues preventing effective collaboration. Expert and participation: Jan Veuger
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Het doel van serious games is anders dan puur entertainment. Door gebruik te maken van gamificationelementen is het idee om gebruikers op een leuke en uitdagende manier nieuwe vaardigheden te leren of aan te zetten tot gedragsverandering. In veel sectoren is een leven lang leren en ontwikkelen inmiddels een integraal onderdeel geworden en serious games zijn dan ook bijna overal wel terug te vinden. Met deze brede toepassingen is de effectiviteit van serious games echter een veel besproken vraagstuk. Ook binnen de gezondheidszorg zijn serious games sterk in opkomst en door nieuwe technologieën als virtual reality in te zetten kunnen levensechte situaties worden nagebootst en dienen als oefen- en trainingsomgeving voor zorgprofessionals. De kern van dit project draait dan ook om de vraag hoe serious games kunnen worden geëvalueerd in termen van opgedane kennis, vaardigheden of gedragsverandering van zorgprofessionals. In het verlengde hiervan ligt de vraag hoe tijdens het ontwikkelen van serious games al rekening gehouden kan worden met de toekomstige evaluatie ervan. Hoe zouden meetmethoden kunnen worden ingebouwd in de game zelf, welke data moet er worden verzameld, en hoe kan die verzameld worden? Binnen dit project zal met een scoping review bestaande literatuur worden onderzocht op effectiviteitsstudies om zo een overzicht te maken van gebruikte methoden en technieken en te inventariseren welke data hierbij gebruikt worden. Resultaten hiervan zullen worden omgezet in methoden voor evaluatie van serious games voor zorgprofessionals en ontwerpcriteria ten behoeve van het evalueren van beoogde leereffecten hiervan. Uiteindelijk zullen de ontwerpcriteria als proof-of-concept in het ontwikkeltraject van een serious game worden toegepast. Dit project creëert hiermee inzicht in hoe serious games voor zorgprofessionals goed geëvalueerd kunnen worden op leereffecten en hoe hier tijdens het ontwikkelproces al rekening mee gehouden kan worden.
The textiles and apparel industry faces increasing regulatory pressure to reduce its negative environmental and social impact. A widely discussed strategy is to extend the active lifecycle of garments through durable, better quality clothing. Durability, however, is an ambiguous concept and a more complex understanding of durability is emerging that goes beyond material strength to notions of emotional, social and functional durability that live in consumers’ mindsets. Our understanding of durability and how it impacts product design, reuse, repair and recycling is limited and businesses find it difficult to incorporate durability into more sustainable and circular business models, particularly where there is also an element of degrowth or slow growth. Additionally, digital technologies, particularly for traceability and product information, are needed and require new organizational capabilities and change. Our project proposes to explore the concept of durability in the apparel and textiles industry, focusing on how various industry actors (e.g. fashion brands, designers, suppliers, consumers) define durability and how they incorporate it into commercially viable circular business models. Our proposal is timely in that local, national and EU research agendas are stimulating sustainable and circular transformation. Nationally, we address questions in the Nationale Wetenschaps Agenda (NWA-ORC), e.g. the call on the theme Ab-initio circular materials design that emphasizes an interdisciplinarity approach for circular redesign and includes aspects of socio-economic relevance, raw material innovations and digital tooling. On the EU level, policies, directives and regulations, so called New Industrial Strategies, are aimed at helping industry towards green and digital transformation. Our proposal is pertinent to the EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles and the Transition Pathway for the Textiles Ecosystem. Calls in the near future offer opportunities for the consortium to access funding for continued research and industry collaboration.
