Beknopte handleiding om een excursie naar de slagvelden rond Verdun te ondernemen of te organiseren. Naast praktische tips en websites ook korte overzichtsgeschiedenis.
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With the EU struggling to maintain itself, it is highly relevant to look into the drive for and original vision on European unification of its principal architect, Robert Schuman, then French Minister of Foreign Affairs. The Schuman Declaration (1950) gave birth to the EU and procured the longest period of peace among its member states since the Treaty of Verdun (843). This article shows how Schuman’s Catholic faith influenced his life and therefore his politics. His drive to be a faithful instrument of Providence, supported by his origins from Alsace-Lorraine, made him strive towards peace on the European continent. He envisaged a European political integration through economic cooperation at the service of man and his transcendence and rooted in the common European spiritual and cultural heritage. This implied reconciliation, effective solidarity, subsidiarity and supranationality for European common interests through an integration in small steps.
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A tangible proof of the meaning and scope of human flourishing that can change not only organizations but also entire societies, is given by Robert Schuman, the French Minister of Foreign Affairs who launched the Schuman Declaration (1950) that gave birth to the EU. His leitmotiv was to be a faithful instrument in the hands of God in whichever circumstances. A strong personal relationship with God characterized his entire personal and professional life and implied the heroic practice of virtues. He strove for peace on the continent and therefore for reconciliation between France and Germany - countries that had been archenemies since the Treaty of Verdun (843). He previewed a peace project on coal and steel, former instruments of war. Schuman pursued a policy of reconciliation from the moment he became a member of the French Parliament (1919) and even during his captivity during the Second World War. His coherence of life was acknowledged by friend and foe and recognized also professionally. His profound Catholic faith brought human flourishing that changed not only French-German relationships, not only Europe, but the entire world. Schuman’s Europe would strive towards political unification through economic cooperation – as a means! – at the service of man and his transcendence so that man could flourish. These days man seems to be an instrument of the economy and politics instead of the other way round. A good moment to revive the person and thoughts of the Father of Europe.
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Camerons “EU à la carte”, Wilders' gewenste in/uit EU-referendum, noordelijke tegen zuidelijke eurolanden, waar gaat het heen met Europa? Solidariteit lijkt een taboe, maar is in wezen revolutionair! [online bijdrage door Margriet Krijtenburg]
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“Early warning signs of aggression” refers to recurring changes in behaviors, thoughts, perceptions, and feelings of the patient that are considered to be precursors of aggressive behavior. The early recognition of these signs offers possibilities for early intervention and prevention of aggressive behaviors in forensic patients. The Forensic Early warning Signs of Aggression Inventory (FESAI) was developed to assist nurses and patients in identifying and monitoring these early warning signs of aggression.
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Er verschijnen doorgaans minder vrouwen dan mannen voor de rechter en het overgrote deel van de justitiële en forensisch psychiatrische instellingen wordt bevolkt door mannen. In de literatuur naar voorspellers van crimineel gedrag komt ‘man zijn’ steevast naar voren als één van de sterkste voorspellers. Hoewel vrouwen en meisjes een duidelijke minderheid vormen binnen justitiële en forensische psychiatrische instellingen (tussen de 6 en 10%), lijkt hun aandeel in de criminaliteit de laatste 20 jaar toe te nemen. Wereldwijd wordt gezien dat er meer vrouwen worden veroordeeld en gedetineerd of opgenomen in de forensische zorg (zie de Vogel & Nicholls, 2016; Walmsley, 2015). De laatste jaren is er dan ook beduidend meer aandacht gekomen voor de vrouw als dader.1 Het meeste onderzoek naar criminologische en forensisch psychologische vraagstukken is echter nog altijd verricht binnen mannelijke populaties. De vraag is dan ook of de huidige theoretische en empirische kennis over mannelijke daders wel voldoende van toepassing is op vrouwelijke daders en wat mogelijke verschillen betekenen voor de sanctietoepassing.
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The past two decades, a disproportionate growth of females entering the criminal justice system and forensic mental health services has been observed worldwide. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the background of women who are convicted for violent offenses. What is their criminal history, what are their motives for offending and in which way do they differ from men convicted for violent offenses? In this study, criminal histories and the offenses for which they were admitted to forensic care were analyzed of 218 women and 218 men who have been treated between 1984 and 2014 with a mandatory treatment order in one of four Dutch forensic psychiatric settings admitting both men and women. It is concluded that there are important differences in violent offending between male and female patients. Most importantly, female violence was more often directed towards their close environment, like their children, and driven by relational frustration. Furthermore, female patients received lower punishments compared to male patients and were more often considered to be diminished accountable for their offenses due to a mental illness.
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Voor patiënten die radiologische verrichtingen ondergaan bestaan geen dosislimieten, maar wel zogenaamde Diagnostische ReferentieNiveaus (DRN’s). Dit zijn richtwaarden voor de hoeveelheid straling voor de gemiddelde patiënt bij goede praktijkvoering. In Nederland bestaan nationale DRN’s voor slechts 11 radiologische verrichtingen. In andere Europese landen zijn dat er vaak beduidend meer. Zo ontbreken in Nederland DRN’s voor interventie-radiologische verrichtingen (interventies), terwijl dit juist verrichtingen zijn waarbij vaak relatief hoge stralingsdoses worden uitgedeeld. In deze studie, die gebaseerd is op het afstudeerwerk van twee van de auteurs (GH en MtS), is als proof-of-principle een lokaal DRN afgeleid uit data van een enkel ziekenhuis (het Dijklander ziekenhuis). Voor dit lokale DRN is data verzameld van percutane transluminale angioplastiek (PTA) in de arteria femoralis superficialis (AFS), uitgevoerd met dezelfde apparatuur in één angiografiekamer door twee radiologen. In totaal zijn daarbij 52 complicatievrije interventies geïncludeerd. Uit de verzamelde data is als 75 percentielwaarde een lokaal DRN voor PTA van de AFS afgeleid van 50,9 Gy*cm2. Dit is ruim 20 Gy*cm2 lager dan gevonden in twee andere Europese studies. In die studies werd daarentegen wel veel meer data geïncludeerd van verschillende radiologie-afdelingen. Deze studie laat zien dat het ook in Nederland mogelijk is om voor een interventie een DRN op te stellen. Het verdient de aanbeveling deze studie te herhalen of uit te breiden met data van diverse andere Nederlandse ziekenhuizen om zodoende een nationaal DRN te bepalenn
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Aggressive incidents occur frequently in health care facilities, such as psychiatric care and forensic psychiatric hospitals. Previous research suggests that civil psychiatric inpatients may display more aggression than forensic inpatients. However, there is a lack of research comparing these groups on the incident severity, even though both frequency and severity of aggression influence the impact on staff members. The purpose of this study is to compare the frequency and severity of inpatient aggression caused by forensic and civil psychiatric inpatients in the same Dutch forensic psychiatric hospital. Data on aggressive incidents occurring between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017, were gathered from hospital files and analyzed using the Modified Overt Aggression Scale, including sexual aggression (MOAS+). Multilevel random intercept models were used to analyze differences between forensic and civil psychiatric patients in severity of aggressive incidents. In all, 3,603 aggressive incidents were recorded, caused by 344 different patients. Civil psychiatric patients caused more aggressive incidents than forensic patients and female patients caused more inpatient aggression compared with male patients. Female forensic patients were found to cause the most severe incidents, followed by female civil psychiatric patients. Male forensic patients caused the least severe incidents. The findings have important clinical implications, such as corroborating the need for an intensive treatment program for aggressive and disruptive civil psychiatric patients, as well as emphasizing the importance of gender-responsive treatment
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Abstract—A survey was conducted among 20 Dutch hospitals about radiation protection for interventional fluoroscopy. This was a follow-up of a previous study in 2007 that led to several recommendations for radiation protection for interventional fluoroscopy. The results indicate that most recommendations have been followed. However, radiation-induced complications from interventional procedures are still often not recorded in the appropriate register. Furthermore, even though professionals with appropriate training in radiation protection are usually involved in interventional procedures, this often is not the case when these procedures are carried out outside the radiology department. Although this involvement is not required by Dutch law, it is recommended to have radiation protection professionals present more often at interventional procedures. Further improvements in radiation protection for interventional fluoroscopy may come from a comparison of dose-reducing practices among hospitals, the introduction of diagnostic reference levels for interventional procedures, and a more thorough form of screening and follow-up of patients
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